J/AJ/166/8ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/166/8doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51660008CDSMakarov V.V.Johnson M.C.Secrest N.J.2024-11-06T20:19:04Z2024-02-12T06:49:45ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frradio-sourcesvisible-astronomyastronomical-object-identificationThe fundamental celestial reference frame (CRF) is based on two catalogs of astrometric positions: the third realization of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3), and the much larger Gaia CRF, built from the third data release (DR3). The objects in common between these two catalogs are mostly distant AGNs and quasars that are both sufficiently optically bright for Gaia and radio loud for the VLBI. This limited collection of reference objects is crucially important for the mutual alignment of the two CRFs and the maintenance of all of the other frames and coordinate systems branching from the ICRF. In this paper, we show that the three components of ICRF3 (S/X, K, and X/Ka band catalogs) have significantly different sky-correlated vector fields of position offsets with respect to Gaia DR3. When iteratively expanded in the vector spherical harmonics up to degree 4 on a carefully vetted set of common sources, each of these components includes several statistically significant terms. The median sky-correlated offsets from the Gaia positions are found to be 56{mu}as for the S/X, 100{mu}as for the K, and 324{mu}as for the X/Ka catalogs. The weighted mean vector field is subtracted from the Gaia reference positions, while the deviations from that field are added to each of the ICRF3 components. The corrected positions from each of the four input catalogs are combined into a single weighted mean catalog, which we propose to be the current most accurate realization of an inertial radio-optical CRF.2023AJ....166....8Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/166/8CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/323 : International Celestial Reference Frame 2, ICRF2 (Ma+, 2009)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)J/AJ/150/58 : VLBI ICRF2 (Fey+, 2015)J/ApJ/835/L30 : Dislodged AGNs (Makarov+, 2017)J/MNRAS/475/5179 : Spatially offset AGN cand. in CLASS survey (Skipper+, 2018)J/A+A/622/A165 : Gaia GraL. III. New lensed systems (Delchambre+, 2019)J/A+A/630/A101 : Multi-frequency celestial reference frame (Karbon+, 2019)J/ApJ/873/132 : ICRF3 radio-loud quasars with Gaia DR2 data (Makarov+, 2019)J/ApJS/242/5 : 40yr geodetic/astrometric VLBI obs ICRF sources (Xu+, 2019)J/A+A/644/A159 : The third realization of the ICRF, ICRF3 (Charlot+, 2020)J/ApJS/260/33 : PropertiesICRF3 sources from SDSS spectra (Sexton+, 2022)J/A+A/660/A16 : Quasars with large proper motions (Souchay+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/166/8https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/166/8http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/166/8https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/166/8https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/166/8http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/166/8GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/166/8/table3 (Radio-Optical Reference Catalog -- 1)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/166/8/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/166/8/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/166/8/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true45.34836243871.30999895160.0055555555555555565/1624 6/1 48-49 110 124 128 139 171 175 180 195 226 247 250 307 375-376 438 459 461 483 514 532 546 548 569 572 574 579 583 593 597 600 611 615 625 638 674 694 716 804 808 831 839 882 893 904 911 937 967 991 1019 1029 1032 1035 1084 1120-1121 1129 1154 1187 1210 1342 1402 1419 1546 1550 1576 1584 1593 1632 1642 1654 1671 1740 1763 1782 1801 1909 1953 1986 2053 2074 2087 2098 2104 2112 2121-2122 2124 2140 2143 2172 2198-2199 2225 2235 2294 2308 2312 2348 2404 2429 2439 2441 2460 2469 2477 2504 2619 2682 2722 2741 2744 2750 2762 2775 2786 2788 2792 2817 2836 2861 2867 2903 2949 2952 3016-3017 3024 3057 3096 3135 3237 3309 3333 3366 3402 3423 3491-3492 3541 3659 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44699-44700 44705 44711 44714 44729-44730 44742 44753 44774 44776 44799 44805 44815 44818 44832 44899 44937 44955 45006 45081 45158 45162 45165 45176 45178 45196 45371 45434 45453 45483 45497 45511 45514 45540 45600 45604 45614 45621 45648 45660 45690 45699 45702 45770 45795 45811 45843 45923 46000 46055 46123 46174 46204 46251 46265 46310 46331 46337 46342 46354 46369 46373 46394 46419 46439 46448 46490 46529 46542 46546 46588 46717 46721 46798 46801 46810 46831 46851 46868 46893 46921 46939 46948 46964-46966 46993 47014 47016 47050 47080 47095 47106 47112 47151 47154 47255 47277 47327 47341 47408 47413 47470 47534 47540 47642 47649 47672 47912 47922 47943 47945 47969 47971 48048 48063 48120 48142 48187 48228 48300 48306 48320 48341 48345 48352 48362 48384 48388 48398 48404 48407 48420-48421 48434 48460 48476 48483 48491 48507 48533 48538 48582 48589 48595 48605 48610 48648 48652 48660 48685 48708 48715-48716 48732 48757 48761 48767 48789 48792 48797-48798 48805 48814 48816 48846 48890 48918 48952 48965 49014 49019 49029 49037 49069 49071 49097https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/166/8?format=asciiOpticalRadiodefaultJ/AJ/166/8/table3Radio-Optical Reference Catalog -- 1SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintICRFICRF position-based namemeta.id;meta.maincharGaiaGaia DR3 identifiermeta.id.crossRAJ2000[0/360] Right Ascension, derived RORC position (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-86/87] Declination, derived RORC position (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maineRAdeg[12/1056] Formal uncertainty in RAdeg, {mu}arcsecondsstat.error;pos.eq.rainteDEdeg[10/1138] Formal uncertainty in DEdeg, {mu}arcsecondsstat.error;pos.eq.decintrho[-0.79/0.69] RA-declination correlationstat.correlationfloatf_Gaia[1] Gaia DR3 catalog flag (1)meta.codeintS/X[0/1] ICRF3 S/X band frame catalog flag (1)meta.codeintK[0/1] ICRF3 K band frame catalog flag (1)meta.codeintKa[0/1] ICRF3 Ka band frame catalog flag (1)meta.codeint