J/AJ/166/16ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/166/16doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51660016CDSPass E.K.Winters J.G.Charbonneau D.Irwin J.M.Medina A.A.2025-04-22T20:11:19Z2024-02-23T06:50:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frm-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopystellar-massesradial-velocityWe present results from the volume-complete spectroscopic survey of 0.1-0.3M{sun} M-dwarfs within 15pc. This work discusses the active sample without close binary companions, providing a comprehensive picture of these 123 stars with H{alpha} emission stronger than -1{AA}. Our analysis includes rotation periods (including 31 new measurements), H{alpha} equivalent widths, rotational broadening, inclinations, and radial velocities, determined using high-resolution, multiepoch spectroscopic data from the TRES and CHIRON spectrographs supplemented by photometry from TESS and MEarth. Using this volume-complete sample, we establish that the majority of active, low-mass M-dwarfs are very rapid rotators: specifically, 74%{+/-}4% have rotation periods shorter than 2 days, while 19%{+/-}4% have intermediate rotation periods of 2-20 days, and the remaining 8%{+/-}3% have periods longer than 20 days. Among the latter group, we identify a population of stars with very high H{alpha} emission, which we suggest is indicative of dramatic spindown as these stars transition from the rapidly rotating mode to the slowly rotating one. We are unable to determine rotation periods for six stars and suggest that some of the stars without measured rotation periods may be viewed pole- on, as such stars are absent from the distribution of inclinations we measure; this lack notwithstanding, we recover the expected isotropic distribution of spin axes. Our spectroscopic and photometric data sets also allow us to investigate activity-induced radial-velocity variability, which we show can be estimated as the product of rotational broadening and the photometric amplitude of spot modulation.2023AJ....166...16Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/166/16CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)J/MNRAS/390/567 : Magnetic field and velocity of mid M dwarfs (Morin+, 2008)J/ApJ/720/1118 : i-band photometry of HAT-P-16 (Buchhave+, 2010)J/MNRAS/407/2269 : Polarisation of a sample of late M dwarfs (Morin+, 2010)J/AJ/141/166 : HATNet variability survey of K and M dwarfs (Hartman+, 2011)J/ApJ/728/48 : Multicolor eclipse data for 6 new binaries (Kraus+, 2011)J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars rotation periods & Xray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/AcA/62/67 : ASAS photometry of ROSAT sources (Kiraga, 2012)J/AJ/148/30 : BVI photometry of 350 Pleiades stars (Kamai+, 2014)J/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)J/AJ/152/141 : Solar neighborhood. XXXVII. RVs Mdwarfs (Benedict+, 2016)J/ApJ/822/81 : PTF stellar rotation periods Pleiades members (Covey+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation & Galactic kinematics mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016)J/ApJ/834/85 : H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)J/A+A/606/A107 : K2/HARPS measurements for 8 stars (Oshagh+, 2017)J/ApJ/862/138 : BANYAN XIII. Nearby young assoc with Gaia DR2 (Gagne+, 2018)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/AJ/155/225 : M dwarf stars rotational broadening measurs (Kesseli+, 2018)J/AJ/156/217 : Stellar properties M dwarfs in MEarth-South (Newton+, 2018)J/A+A/614/A122 : Radial-velocity of CARMENES M dwarfs (Tal-Or+, 2018)J/A+A/621/A126 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. IV. (Diez Alonso+ 2019)J/other/Sci/365.1441 : GJ3512 radial velocity and light curves (Morales+, 2019)J/A+A/639/A35 : RV jitter & photometric var correlation (Hojjatpanah+, 2020)J/ApJ/905/107 : Spectroscopic activity indicators TIC stars (Medina+, 2020)J/AJ/159/290 : RVs of 12 spectroscopic binaries M-dwarfs (Winters+, 2020)J/A+A/652/A28 : Activity indicators across M dwarf domain (Lafarga+, 2021)J/AJ/161/189 : Gyro-kinematic ages for ~30000 Kepler stars (Lu+, 2021)J/AJ/162/61 : Radial velocity follow up Barnards star HPF (Lubin+, 2021)J/AJ/161/63 : Mdwarfs masses 0.1<M{sun}<0.3 within 15pc (Winters+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/166/16https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/166/16http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/166/16https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/166/16https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/166/16http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/166/16GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/166/16/table1 (Summary of our 123 active stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/166/16/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/166/16/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/166/16/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true76.3101183-47.93764610.0055555555555555566/527 546 636 725 861 1025 1276 1635 1911 1988 2330 2656 2796 2922 3162 3387 3715 4462 4685 4867 5000 5534 6676 6980 7181 7395 8092 8163 8281 8331 8723 9471 10381 11044 11459 12090 12184 13748 13912 14430 14772 14781 14910 15355 16041 16758 17412 17534 17712 18440 19257 20035 20071 20379 20459 20507 21737 22343 22709 23144 23391 23443 23519 23564 23731 24288 25021 25084 26279 26327 26706 27357 27456 27462 27762 27799 28816 28955 29458 29467 29565 30011 30455 31019 31148 32015 32444 32500 32749 33088 33435 33495 33579 34005 34377 34568 34708 35327 36842 37769 38113 38566 38646 39331 39350 40224 40811 41591 42346 42528 42761 43108 43155 44306 44696 45344 45377 45513 45626 46308 47061 48173https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/166/16?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/166/16/table1Summary of our 123 active starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimary2MASS2MASS identifiermeta.idcharInstInstrument, T:TRES; C:CHIRONinstrcharNobs[2/21] Number of spectroscopic observationsmeta.numberintMass[0.1/0.29] Stellar mass, solar unitssolMassphys.massfloatRad[0.15/0.3] Stellar radius, solar unitssolRadphys.size.radiusfloatEWHa[-17.2/-1.02] Median equivalent width of H{alpha}, in Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;stat.median;em.line.Halphafloatvsini[0/56.3] Median vsini, projected rotational velocity (1)km/sphys.veloc.rotat;stat.medianfloate_vsini[0/11] vsini standard deviationkm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatsini[0.29/1.0]? sin(inclination)src.orbital.inclinationfloatnullableMedeRVel[0.02/2.14] Median epoch RV uncertaintykm/sstat.error;stat.median;spect.dopplerVelocfloatlogPChi2[-27.2/-0.01] log(P({chi}^2^)) of a constant modelstat.fit.chi2floatPer[0.11/93.8]? Rotation perioddtime.periodfloatnullableAmp[0.002/0.05]? Amplitude (peak-to-peak) of photometric variation (2)magarith.rate;phot.magfloatnullableRef[1/10]? Rotation reference (3)meta.refintnullableObsNumber of observation (table2)meta.numberintnullableVelInteractive Plotmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/166/16/table2Epoch observations of radial velocity and H{alpha}NameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJD[-1326/2065] Barycentric Julian Date of Observation, BJD-2457640dtime.epochdoubleRVel[-54/87] Radial Velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloate_RVel[0.02/4] Uncertainty in RVel (1)km/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatEWHa[-23.3/-0.1] Equivalent Width, H{alpha}0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloat