J/AJ/165/139ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/165/139doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51650139CDSde Witt A.Jacobs C.S.Gordon D.Bietenholz M.Nickola M.,Bertarini A.K-band Celestial Reference Frame Collaboration2024-10-07T20:09:27Z2023-07-19T08:48:48ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frradio-sourcesmillimeter-astronomyphotometrysubmillimeter-astronomyWe present K-band (24GHz) images of 731 compact extragalactic radio sources with submilliarcsecond resolution, based on radio interferometric observations made with the Very Long Baseline Array of 10 telescopes during 29day long sessions spanning from 2015 to 2018 and recorded at 2048Mbps. Many of these sources are imaged with submilliarcsecond resolution for the first time at frequencies above X-band (8GHz). From each of the K-band images, we derive the following source properties: peak brightness, core and total flux density, the ratio of peak and core to total flux (compactness measure), radial source extent, structure index, source size, and jet direction. The vast majority of sources are imaged at multiple epochs, providing insights into their temporal behavior. The use of K-band was motivated by the fact that the sources are generally intrinsically more compact at higher frequencies, as well as by the factor of 3 improvement in interferometer resolution relative to the historically standard S/X band (2.3/8.4GHz) used for a large amount of reference frame and calibrator work. Lastly, as most of the sources imaged here are in the K-band component of the third International Celestial Reference Frame, these images serve to characterize the objects used in that International Astronomical Union standard.2023AJ....165..139Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/165/139CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)J/ApJS/141/13 : VLBA calibrator survey: VCS1 catalog (Beasley+, 2002)J/ApJ/614/607 : 8.4GHz obs. of scintillating sources (Ojha+, 2004)J/ApJ/658/203 : VLBA imaging and polarimetry survey at 5GHz (Helmboldt+, 2007)J/AJ/136/159 : Global 86GHz VLBI survey of compact radio sources (Lee+, 2008)J/AJ/139/1713 : Celestial Reference Frame at 24 and 43GHz. II (Charlot+, 2010)J/AJ/139/1695 : Celestial Reference Frame at 24 and 43 GHz (Lanyi+, 2010)J/AJ/142/35 : The VLBA Galactic Plane Survey (VGaPS) (Petrov+, 2011)J/AJ/151/154 : Second epoch VLBA Calibrator Survey (VCS-II) (Gordon+, 2016)J/A+A/618/L10 : SgrA* orbital motions GRAVITY (GRAVITY Collaboration, 2018)J/MNRAS/485/88 : Southern compact extragalactic radio sources (Petrov+, 2019)J/ApJ/885/131 : ~200 high-mass SFR plx & proper motion with VLBI (Reid+, 2019)J/A+A/644/A159 : The third realization of the ICRF, ICRF3 (Charlot+, 2020)J/A+A/641/L2 : ALMA third image of lensed quasar PKS 1830-211 (Muller+, 2020)J/AJ/162/121 : 3627 International Celestial Reference Frame (Hunt+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/139https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/139http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/165/139https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/139https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/139http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/165/139GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/165/139/table3 (*Summary of the 732 sources observed in the BJ083 and UD001 sessions)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/139/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/139/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/165/139/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.48823083338.3375413890.0055555555555555566/27 80 110 180 250 255 304 375-376 438 465 532 556 579 593 597 611 700 839 911 968 994 1018 1084-1085 1104 1154 1187 1210 1286 1339 1350 1419 1423 1433 1450 1509 1546 1584 1616 1622 1632 1654 1702 1740-1741 1763 1767 1782 1801 1826 1905 1956 1986 1988 2024 2054 2087 2098 2104 2143 2172 2225 2228 2280 2331 2414 2564 2836 2867 2986 3016-3017 3024 3044 3052 3096 3135 3158 3165 3272 3309 3316 3330 3333 3506 3642 3654 3656 3675 3710 3712 3741 3761 3781 3784 3820 3841 3886 3951 4027 4285 4318 4393 4436 4572 4624 4695-4696 4754 4770 4792 4820 4825 4923 4987 4992 5139 5154 5156 5268 5306 5353 5371 5423 5448 5458 5597 5637 5652 5657 5693 5718 5767 5817 5848 5870 6153 6164 6167 6170 6173 6209 6368 6448 6496 6507 6519 6548 6633 6641 6671 6716 6815 6853 6927 6948 6963 6984 6996 7119 7181 7248 7346 7371 7389 7510 7570 7623 7851 7896 7902 7942 8031 8057 8187 8199 8299 8487 8577 8615 8673 8717 8858 8915 8918 8948 9016 9075 9204 9248 9284 9402-9403 9442 9524 9545 9612 9632 9676 9681 9688 9899 9955 9998 10163 10228 10249 10318 10321 10422 10466 10474 10561 10598 10802-10803 11041 11049 11091 11116 11191 11216 11233 11279 11408 11430 11639 11715 11880 12047 12091 12166 12173 12216 12301 12352 12475 12505 12580 12599 12619 12851 12997 13033 13060 13092 13156 13213 13224 13230 13292 13352 13410 13496 13545 13693 13722 13792 13892 13927 14009 14068 14237 14282 14291 14348 14520 14549 14553 14608 14624 14629 14711 14820 14985 15023 15147 15260 15286 15373 15377 15429 15463 15467 15494 15633 15819 15973 16027 16223 16247 16298 16333 16444 16592 16676 16720 16813 16962 17094 17188 17215 17351 17401 17516 17541 17579 17718 17734 17791 17909 17979 18002 18005-18006 18035 18037 18084 18119 18125 18141 18214 18239 18242 18271 18378 18457 18491 18504 18545 18548 18561 18624 18661 18718 18755 18871 18907 19023 19088 19101 19190 19271 19287 19308 19370 19398 19487 19503 19523 19553 19567 19593 19609 19622 19629 19743 19803 19831 19890 19996 20099 20184 20213 20290 20468 20474 20610 20657 20725 20836 20935 21049 21121 21163 21191 21266 21358 21564 21704 21758 21768 21924 21935 21960 21968 22049 22066 22083 22216 22271 22275 22298 22363 22396 22433 22501 22558 22658-22659 22804 22917 22963 22993 23014-23015 23099 23121 23127 23252 23306 23323 23333 23383 23416 23478 23548 23697 23745 23761 23776 23786 23805 23882 23897 23966 24019 24084 24099-24100 24123 24150-24151 24252 24257 24300 24333 24335 24346 24349 24353 24357 24453 24550 24571 24608 24623 24672 24734 24828 24845 24906 24941 25016 25126 25196 25255-25256 25332 25467 25493 25501 25503 25568 25630 25650 25659 25678 25707 25742 25750 25818 25824 25835 25864 25990 26115 26119 26131 26244 26274 26276 26301 26303 26363 26446 26569 26816 26883 26885 26983 27060 27062 27129 27133 27146 27310 27322 27423 27436 27466 27523 27573 27579 27583 27595 27648 27650 27689 27765 27815 27909 28067 28083 28139 28167 28208 28282 28339 28383 28454 28479 28517 28673 28679 28763 28789 28799 28818 28822 28830 28858 28897 28928 28934 29016 29063 29072 29074 29193 29202 29218 29220 29244 29271 29347 29373 29480 29522 29570 29620 29675 29714 29730 29823 29991 30075 30323 30385 30417 30489 30705 30836 30857 30928 31176 31334 31391 31399 31407 31430 31451 31529 31559 31664 31857 31894 31986 32101 32261 32311 32325 32660 34095 34123 34210 34264 34428 34461 34517 34571-34572 34614 34646 34675 34691 34699 35192 35294 35432 35440 35501 35952 36064 36100 36117 36139 36188 36333 36370 36531 36602 36640 36863 38311 38579 38734 38763 38787 38802 39377 39577 39592 39775 39848 39883 39894 39920 39923 39974 40060 40066 40344 40360 40434 40474 40527 40635 40730 40762 40766 40931 42481-42482 42492 42571 42609 42726 42853 42883 42901 42980-42981 43366 43399 43549 43633 43822 43863 43884 44043 44052 44059 44147 44173 44247 44313 44377 44449 44513 44555 44574 44614 44669 44705 44714 44730 44774 44776 44802 44815 44818 44832 44840 44899 44908 45006 45011 46490 46764 46851 46868 46921 46964 47016 47070 47327 47534 47540 47747 47943 48023 48120 48123 48142 48207 48320 48352 48384 48421 48589 48610 48716 48724 48798 48805 48846 48918 48965 49019 49037 49071https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/165/139?format=asciiMillimeterRadiodefaultJ/AJ/165/139/table3*Summary of the 732 sources observed in the BJ083 and UD001 sessionsVmag[10.8/23]? V magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableGmag[13.2/21.4]? G magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableNmNumber of measurement results for this source from Tables 5, 8 and 10meta.numberintnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_Name[*] *: Core set of 40 sourcesmeta.codecharMJD1[0/58321] MJD for first observation of source; MJD-2400000.5time.epochintMJD2[0/58322] MJD for last observation of source; MJD-2400000.5time.epochintNsch[1/29] Number of times source was scheduledmeta.numberintNimh[0/28] Number of successful images produced for each sourcemeta.numberintNameJ2000 source namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryIVSIVS source namemeta.idcharD[D] Indicates an ICRF-3 defining sourcemeta.codecharRAJ2000[0/23]? Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullableDEJ2000? Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableTypeObject typesrc.classcharz[0/5.47]? Redshift (1)src.redshiftfloatnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/AJ/165/139/table5Image parameters and image quality measuresrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameJ2000 source namemeta.id;meta.maincharSessionSession Namemeta.id;meta.filecharNantennas[4/10] Number of antennasmeta.numberintNscans[1/6] Number of scansmeta.numberintNvis[9810/288672] Number of visibilitiesmeta.numberintSpeak[0.05/12] Image peak flux densityJy/beamphot.flux.densityfloatScln[0.06/18.1] CLEAN total flux densityJyphot.flux.densityfloatSshort[-1/17.7] Correlated flux density on short baselines (1)Jyphot.flux.densityfloatSlong[-1/9.621] Correlated flux density on long baselines (2)Jyphot.flux.densityrms[0.16/127] Image background rms brightness levelmJy/beamstat.stdev;instr.det.noisefloatSNR[20/2892] Image Signal-to-Noise ratiostat.snr;arith.ratiointchi2[0.78/7.54] Square root of reduced chi squared (3)stat.fit.chi2floatSr[0.7/493] Absolute maximum brightness value in residual imagemJy/beamphot.mag.sb;stat.maxfloatBeam-min[0.21/2.3] Minor axis FWHM of the restoring beammasphys.angSize;instr.beamfloatBeam-maj[0.38/7.46] Major axis FWHM of the restoring beammasphys.angSize;instr.beamfloatbpa[-89.9/89.8] Beam position angledegpos.posAng;instr.beamfloatEPhase[0.004/0.84] Estimated residual rms phase calibration errorradstat.errorfloatJ/AJ/165/139/table8Results from the image quality and source structure analysisrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameJ2000 source namemeta.id;meta.maincharSessionSession namemeta.id;meta.filecharQ[0.33/0.97] Image quality fractionmeta.code.qualfloatCore[0.06/12.5] Core flux densityJyphot.flux.densityfloatC1[0.28/1.21] Peak fractionphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatC2[0.11/1.21] Core fractionphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatC3[-1/1.66] Correlated flux fractionphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatR[0/51.86] Radial extentmasphys.angSize;srcfloatR4.0[0/3.93] Radial extent within 4masmasphys.angSize;srcfloatE[0/10.9] Flux-density-weighted radial extentmasphys.angSize;srcfloatE4.0[0/1.56] Flux-density-weighted radial extent within 4masmasphys.angSize;srcfloatmDelay[0/138] Median value of the structure delay correctionspsarith.factorfloatSI[0/5.28] Structure Indexmeta.code;spect.indexfloatJ/AJ/165/139/table9Variability in the source peak brightness, flux densities and structure measuresrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMean-Sp[-1/8.01] Peak brightness mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatMean-Sc[-1/8.81] Core flux density mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatVar-Sc[-1/0.71] Core flux density variability indexsrc.var.indexfloatMean-Scln[-1/13.61] CLEAN flux density mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatVar-Scln[-1/0.59] CLEAN fluxdensity variability indexsrc.var.indexfloatMean-Ss[-1/13.1] Correlated flux density on short baselines mean value (1)src.sample;stat.meanfloatVar-Ss[-1/0.59] Correlated flux density on short baselines variability index (1)src.var.indexfloatMean-Sl[-1/6.4] Correlated flux density on long baselines mean value (2)src.sample;stat.meanfloatVar-Sl[-1/0.91] Correlated flux density on long baselines variability index (2)src.var.indexfloatMean-C1[-1/1.04] Peak fraction mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-C1[-1/0.19] Peak fraction standard deviationstat.stdevfloatMean-C2[-1/1.04] Core fraction mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-C2[-1/0.55] Core fraction standard deviationstat.stdevfloatStd-C3[-1/0.33] Correlated flux fraction standard deviationstat.stdevfloatMean-R[-1/18.55] Radial extent mean valuemassrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-R[-1/25.76] Radial extent standard deviationmasstat.stdevfloatMean-R4.0[-1/3.43] Radial extent within 4mas meanvaluemassrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-R4.0[-1/1.61] Radial extent within 4mas standard deviationmasstat.stdevfloatMean-E[-1/3.53] Flux weighted radial extent mean valuemassrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-E[-1/3.56] Flux weighted radial extent standard deviationmasstat.stdevfloatMean-E4.0[-1/1.26] Flux-density-weighted radial extent within 4mas mean valuemassrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-E4.0[-1/0.33] Flux-density-weighted radial extent within 4mas standard deviationmasstat.stdevfloatMean-SI[-1/4.14] Structure index mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatStd-SI[-1/1.98] Structure index standard deviationstat.stdevfloatNameJ2000 source namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryVar-Sp[-1/0.58] Peak brightness variability indexsrc.var.indexfloatMean-C3[-1/1.02] Correlated flux fraction mean valuesrc.sample;stat.meanfloatJ/AJ/165/139/table10Modelfitting resultsl_FWHM-J1Limit flag on FWHMSize-J1meta.code.errorcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameJ2000 source namemeta.id;meta.maincharSessionSession namemeta.id;meta.filecharChi2[0.61/329] Reduced chi squared from the two-component modelfitstat.fit.chi2floatFC1[35/13400] Flux density of the core componentmJyphot.flux.densitydoublel_FWHM-C1Limit flag on FWHMSize-C1meta.code.errorcharFWHM-C1[0.01/2.14] FWHM angular size of core componentmasphys.angSizefloatFJ1[1.48/7538]? Flux density of the 2nd componentmJyphot.flux.densityfloatnullableFWHM-J1[0.01/12.8]? FWHM angular size of 2nd componentmasphys.angSizefloatnullableRad-J1[0.15/16]? Radius of the 2nd component from map centremasphys.angSizefloatnullableAng-J1[-180/180]? Position Angle of the 2nd component measured north through eastdegpos.cartesianfloatnullable