J/AJ/164/65ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/65doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640065CDSManjavacas E.Karalidi T.Tan X.Vos J.M.Lew B.W.P.Biller B.A.,Oliveros-Gomez N.2022-11-17T08:45:38Z2022-11-09T10:25:52ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frt-dwarfsbrown-dwarfsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyOnly a handful of late T brown dwarfs have been monitored for spectrophotometric variability, leaving incomplete the study of the atmospheric cloud structures of the coldest brown dwarfs, which share temperatures with some cold, directly imaged exoplanets. 2MASS J00501994-332240 is a T7.0 rapidly rotating, field brown dwarf that showed low-level photometric variability in data obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope. We monitored 2MASS J00501994-332240 during ~2.6hr with MOSFIRE, installed at the Keck I telescope, with the aim of constraining its near-infrared spectrophotometric variability. We measured fluctuations with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 1.48%{+/-}0.75% in the J-band photometric light curve, an amplitude of 0.62%{+/-}0.18% in the J-band spectrophotometric light curve, an amplitude of 1.26%{+/-}0.93% in the H-band light curve, and an amplitude of 5.33%{+/-}2.02% in the CH4-H2O band light curve. Nevertheless, the Bayesian information criterion does not detect significant variability in any of the light curves. Thus, given the detection limitations due to the MOSFIRE sensitivity, we can only claim tentative low-level variability for 2M0050-3322 in the best-case scenario. The amplitudes of the peak-to-peak fluctuations measured for 2MASS J00501994-332240 agree with the variability amplitude predictions of general circulation models for a T7.0 brown dwarf for an edge-on object. Radiative transfer models predict that the Na2S and KCl clouds condense at pressures lower than that traced by the CH4-H2O band, which might explain the higher peak-to-peak fluctuations measured for this light curve. Finally, we provide a visual recreation of the map provided by general circulation models and the vertical structure of 2MASS J00501994-332240 provided by radiative transfer models.2022AJ....164...65Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/65CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/A+A/429/1007 : RIJHK photometry of VLM objects near eps Ori (Scholz+, 2005)J/ApJ/637/1067 : Near-IR spectral classification of T dwarfs (Burgasser+, 2006)J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)J/ApJS/214/25 : Rosseland & Planck gaseous mean opacities (Freedman+, 2014)J/ApJ/810/158 : M,L,T dwarfs fundamental parameters & SEDs (Filippazzo+, 2015)J/other/Sci/350.64 : 51 Eri b near-infrared spectrum (Macintosh+, 2015)J/AJ/160/38 : Spitzer variability detections of 79 brown dwarfs (Vos+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/65https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/65http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/65https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/65https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/65http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/65GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/65/fig7aPhotometric J-band light curve, spectrophotometric J-band light curve, and H-band light curverecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeTimehrtime.epochdoubleFluxFlux density; normalized Fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxUncertainty of normalized Fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleJ/AJ/164/65/fig7bJ-band photometric, J-band spectrophotometric, and CH4-H2O spectrophotometric light curverecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeTimehrtime.epochdoubleFluxFlux density; normalized Fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxUncertainty of normalized Fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdouble