J/AJ/164/59ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/59doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640059CDSLibby-Roberts J.E.Berta-Thompson Z.K.Diamond-Lowe H.,Gully-Santiago M.A.Irwin J.M.Kempton E.M.-R.Rackham B.V.,Charbonneau D.Desert J.-M.Dittmann J.A.Hofmann R.Morley C.V.,Newton E.R.2022-12-09T13:04:13Z2022-11-08T07:21:59ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frm-starsexoplanetsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyOrbiting an M dwarf 12pc away, the transiting exoplanet GJ1132b is a prime target for transmission spectroscopy. With a mass of 1.7M{Earth} and radius of 1.1R{Earth}, GJ1132b's bulk density indicates that this planet is rocky. Yet with an equilibrium temperature of 580K, GJ1132b may still retain some semblance of an atmosphere. Understanding whether this atmosphere exists and its composition will be vital for understanding how the atmospheres of terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs evolve. We observe five transits of GJ1132b with the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We find a featureless transmission spectrum from 1.1 to 1.7{mu}m, ruling out cloud-free atmospheres with metallicities <300x solar with >4.8{sigma} confidence. We combine our WFC3 results with transit depths from TESS and archival broadband and spectroscopic observations to find a featureless spectrum across 0.7 to 4.5{mu}m. GJ1132b therefore has a high mean molecular weight atmosphere, possesses a high-altitude aerosol layer, or has effectively no atmosphere. Higher-precision observations are required in order to differentiate between these possibilities. We explore the impact of hot and cold starspots on the observed transmission spectrum GJ1132b, quantifying the amplitude of spot-induced transit depth features. Using a simple Poisson model, we estimate spot temperature contrasts, spot covering fractions, and spot sizes for GJ1132. These limits, as well as the modeling framework, may be useful for future observations of GJ1132b or other planets transiting similarly inactive M dwarfs.2022AJ....164...59Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/59CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/747/35 : HST/WFC3 transit observation of GJ1214b (Berta+, 2012)J/A+A/546/A14 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer (Claret+, 2012)J/ApJ/761/166 : Terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres. I. (Hu+, 2012)J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation & Galactic kinematics of mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016)J/AJ/154/142 : Corrected photometry GJ1132 for all eclipses (Dittmann+, 2017)J/A+A/601/A106 : Sunspot on 1921-2011 (Mandal+, 2017)J/AJ/153/191 : Transiting planet GJ 1132 (Southworth+, 2017)J/A+A/618/A142 : Radial velocity for GJ 1132 (Bonfils+, 2018)J/AJ/156/140 : 4 new eclipsing mid M-dwarf systems from MEarth (Irwin+, 2018)J/AJ/156/217 : Stellar properties for Mdwarfs in MEarth-South (Newton+, 2018)J/AJ/156/178 : NIR transmission spectra of TRAPPIST-1 planets (Zhang+, 2018)J/A+A/628/A39 : Radial velocities of GJ 357 (Luque+, 2019)J/AJ/159/239 : Transmission Spectroscopy Metric of exoplanets (Guo+, 2020)J/AJ/159/57 : HST spectroscopic LCs Kepler 51b & 51d (Libby-Roberts+, 2020)J/AJ/161/23 : RVel & light curve of low mass star TOI 540 (Ment+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/59https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/59http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/59https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/59https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/59http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/59GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/59/table2The Rp/Rs for each wavelength bin across each visitrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWStart[1.15/1.61] Wavelength startumem.wl;stat.minfloatWEnd[1.17/1.63] Wavelength endumem.wl;stat.maxfloatV1Rp/Rs[0.04/0.06] Visit 1 Planet /Stellar Radiusphys.size;arith.ratiodoublee_V1Rp/Rs[0.0006/0.002] Uncertainty in V1Rp/Rsstat.errordoubleV2Rp/Rs[0.04/0.06] Visit 2 Planet / Stellar Radiusphys.size;arith.ratiodoublee_V2Rp/Rs[0.0006/0.002] Uncertainty in V2Rp/Rsstat.errordoubleV3Rp/Rs[0.04/0.06] Visit 3 Planet / Stellar Radiusphys.size;arith.ratiodoublee_V3Rp/Rs[0.0005/0.001] Uncertainty in V3Rp/Rsstat.errordoubleV4Rp/Rs[0.04/0.06] Visit 4 Planet / Stellar Radiusphys.size;arith.ratiodoublee_V4Rp/Rs[0.0005/0.001] Uncertainty in V4Rp/Rsstat.errordoublee_V5Rp/Rs[0.0006/0.0009] Uncertainty in V5Rp/Rsstat.errordoubleRpRs[0.04/0.05] Weighted average Planet / Stellar Radiusphys.size;arith.ratiodoubleV5Rp/Rs[0.04/0.06] Visit 5 Planet / Stellar Radiusphys.size;arith.ratiodoublee_RpRs[0.0002/0.0004] Uncertainty in Rp/Rsstat.errordouble