J/AJ/164/3ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/3doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640003CDSKiwy F.Faherty J.K.Meisner A.Schneider A.C.Kirkpatrick J.D.,Kuchner M.J.Burgasser A.J.Casewell S.Kiman R.Calamari E.Aganze C.,Hsu C.-C.Sainio A.Thakur V.The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration2023-01-24T12:02:48Z2022-12-23T08:40:49ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsdwarf-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryproper-motionstrigonometric-parallaxeffective-temperatureWe present the discovery of 34 comoving systems containing an ultracool dwarf found by means of the NOIRLab Source Catalog (NSC) DR2. NSC's angular resolution of ~1" allows for the detection of small separation binaries with significant proper motions. We used the catalog's accurate proper motion measurements to identify the companions by cross-matching a previously compiled list of brown dwarf candidates with NSC DR2. The comoving pairs consist of either a very low-mass star and an ultracool companion, or a white dwarf and an ultracool companion. The estimated spectral types of the primaries are in the K and M dwarf regimes, those of the secondaries in the M, L, and T dwarf regimes. We calculated angular separations between ~2" and ~56", parallactic distances between ~43 and ~261pc, and projected physical separations between ~169 and ~8487au. The lowest measured total proper motion is 97mas/yr, with the highest 314mas/yr. Tangential velocities range from ~23 to ~187km/s. We also determined comoving probabilities, estimated mass ratios, and calculated binding energies for each system. We found no indication of possible binarity for any component of the 34 systems in the published literature. The discovered systems can contribute to the further study of the formation and evolution of low-mass systems as well as to the characterization of cool substellar objects.2022AJ....164....3Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/3CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/simbad : Simbad objects catalogue (M.Wenger 2000)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)II/371 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 2 (Abbott+, 2021)II/365 : The CatWISE2020 catalog (updated version 28-Jan-2021) (Marocco+, 2021)J/A+AS/115/481 : New proper-motion stars -30<Dec<-5, 0<RA<9h (Wroblewski+ 1996)J/A+A/397/575 : Liverpool-Edinburgh high proper motion survey (Pokorny+, 2003)J/ApJ/582/1011 : Revised NLTT Catalog (Salim+, 2003)J/AJ/127/2856 : Brown dwarfs in the 2MASS Survey (Burgasser+, 2004)J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)J/ApJ/757/141 : Companion IR detect limits young associations (Kraus+, 2012)J/ApJ/789/102 : Properties of late M-dwarfs (Janson+, 2014)J/ApJS/224/36 : The AllWISE motion survey (AllWISE2) (Kirkpatrick+, 2016)J/ApJ/833/96 : Hawaii infrared plx program. II. Ultracool dwarfs (Liu+, 2016)J/A+A/589/A49 : Photometric brown-dwarf classification (Skrzypek+, 2016)J/ApJS/231/15 : Astrometric monitoring ultracool dwarf binaries (Dupuy+, 2017)J/ApJS/234/1 : Catalog of M, L, & T dwarfs from PS13{pi} Survey (Best+, 2018)J/A+A/619/L8 : Ultra-cool dwarfs candidates in Gaia DR2 (Reyle, 2018)J/MNRAS/489/5301 : DES Y3 substellar LT and M catalogs (Carnero Rosell+, 2019)J/AJ/157/231 : MLSDSS-GaiaDR2 sample of M and L dwarfs (Kiman+, 2019)J/MNRAS/485/4423 : The Gaia ultracool dwarf sample (Smart+, 2019)J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar multiplicity rate Mdwarfs within 25pc (Winters+, 2019)J/ApJ/901/93 : Model atmosphere analysis of hot WDs SDSS DR12 (Bedard+, 2020)J/ApJ/889/176 : Very low-mass binaries with Gaia DR2 data (Faherty+, 2020)J/ApJS/247/66 : SUPERWIDE; wide binaries in Gaia & SUPERBLINK (Hartman+, 2020)J/AJ/161/42 : Volume-limited sample cool dwarfs I L0-T8 dwarfs (Best+, 2021)J/MNRAS/508/3877 : Catalogue of white dwarfs in Gaia EDR3 (Gentile+, 2021)J/AJ/161/189 : Gyro-kinematic ages for ~30000 Kepler stars (Lu+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/3https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/3http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/3https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/3https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/3http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/3GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/164/3/table2 (NSC DR2 astrometry)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/3/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/3/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/3/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.23461964.85478330.0055555555555555566/16469 16640 16677 17623 17736 17807 17866 18779 19482 21124 24899 26260 33398 33712 33887-33888 34005 34584 34743 35117 35772 35790 36165 36590 36740 36759 36840 43613 46088 46193 46248 46326 47382https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/164/3?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/3/table1*Discovered systemsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDiscDiscovery type (newly discovered, rediscovered)meta.codecharNum[1/34]? System number IDmeta.id;meta.numberintnullableprimaryNameSystem namemeta.id;meta.maincharONameShort name for this workmeta.idcharplx[3.83/37.4] Parallaxemaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.01/0.9] Error on plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-141/321] Proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRA[0.01/2] Error in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-220/157] Proper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDE[0.01/0.9] Error in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatDist[26.7/261] Distance, derived from the Gaia EDR3 parallax of the primarypcpos.distance;src.orbitalfloate_Dist[0.02/58] Error on Distpcstat.errorfloatvtan[22.2/187] Tangential velocity, calculated using the Gaia EDR3 astrometry of the primarykm/sphys.veloc.transversefloate_vtan[0.02/31] Error on vtankm/sstat.errorfloatAsep[2.61/89.1] Angular separationarcsecpos.angDistancefloatSep[220/8487] Projected physical separation, calculated using the Gaia EDR3 plx of primaryAUpos.angDistancedoublePA[2.7/359] Position angle (east of north) of the secondary with respect to the primarydegpos.posAngfloatSpTSpectral type of the systemsrc.spTypecharRefReferences used (1)meta.ref;instr.setupJ/AJ/164/3/table2NSC DR2 astrometryNum[1/34] System number IDmeta.id;meta.numberintObs[2013/2017] Year of observationtime.epochpmRA[-147/272] Proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRA[0.7/28] Error in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-224/161] Proper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCompSystem componentmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[1/357] Degree of right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RAJ2000[0.001/0.05] error in RAdegdegstat.error;pos.eq.radoubleDEJ2000[-64/5] Degree in declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEJ2000[0.001/0.05] Error in DEdegdegstat.error;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDE[0.8/29] Error in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatpmtot[94/310] Total proper motionmas/yrpos.pmfloate_pmtot[0.8/29] Error on pmtotmas/yrstat.errorfloatDpmRA[0.09/24]? Proper motion difference in RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.ra;arith.difffloatnullablee_DpmRA[1/29]? Error on DpmRAmas/yrstat.errorfloatnullableDpmDE[0.006/23]? Proper motion difference in DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.dec;arith.difffloatnullablee_DpmDE[1/29]? Error on DpmDEmas/yrstat.errorfloatnullableDpmtot[0.4/32]? Proper motion total differencemas/yrpos.pm;arith.difffloatnullablee_Dpmtot[1/29]? Error on Dpmtotmas/yrstat.errorfloatnullableJ/AJ/164/3/table4Fundamental parameters and literature referencesf_Teff[ab] Flag on Teff (1)meta.codecharNum[1/34] System number IDmeta.id;meta.numberintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharTeff[2823/5373]? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_Teff[122/786]? Error on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintnullablelogg[4.67/8.08]? Surface gravityphys.gravityfloatnullablee_logg[0.001/0.7]? Error on loggstat.errorfloatnullablef_logg[ab] Flag on logg (1)meta.codecharMass[0.09/0.63]? Solar masssolMassphys.massfloatnullablee_Mass[0.02/0.66]? Error on MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatnullablef_Mass[ab] Flag on Massmeta.codecharRad[0.12/0.58]? Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_Rad[0.004/0.02]? Error on RadsolRadstat.errorfloatnullableLum[0.0008/0.62]? Stellar luminositysolLumphys.luminositydoublenullablee_Lum[0.0002/0.2]? Error on LumsolLumstat.errordoublenullableRef[1/3]? Parameters references (2)meta.refintnullableORefOther literature references (2)meta.bibJ/AJ/164/3/table5Total masses, mass ratios, and binding energiesNameSystem identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharNum[1/34] System number IDmeta.id;meta.numberintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSep[322/8487] Projected physical separationAUpos.angDistancedoubleMass1[0.08/0.7] Primary mass (1)solMassphys.massfloatMass2[0.03/0.12] Secondary mass estimate (1)solMassphys.massfloatMass[0.13/0.71] Total masssolMassphys.massfloatM2/M1[0.06/0.91] Mass2/Mass1 ratiometa.notefloatEbin[0.23/19.6] Binding energy, 10^41^erg (2)meta.bibfloatSpTSpectral type used to derive the secondary masssrc.spTypechar