J/AJ/164/26ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/26doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640026CDSHamer J.H.Schlaufman K.C.2022-11-15T08:23:57Z2022-11-07T06:33:24ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsspectroscopyinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrystellar-agesstellar-masseseffective-temperatureextinctionIt has been shown that hot Jupiters systems with massive, hot stellar primaries exhibit a wide range of stellar obliquities. On the other hand, hot Jupiter systems with low-mass, cool primaries often have stellar obliquities close to zero. Efficient tidal interactions between hot Jupiters and the convective envelopes present in lower-mass main-sequence stars have been a popular explanation for these observations. If this explanation is accurate, then aligned systems should be older than misaligned systems. Likewise, the convective envelope mass of a hot Jupiter's host star should be an effective predictor of its obliquity. We derive homogeneous stellar parameters-including convective envelope masses-for hot Jupiter host stars with high-quality sky-projected obliquity inferences. Using a thin-disk stellar population's Galactic velocity dispersion as a relative age proxy, we find that hot Jupiter host stars with larger-than-median obliquities are older than hot Jupiter host stars with smaller-than-median obliquities. The relative age difference between the two populations is larger for hot Jupiter host stars with smaller-than-median fractional convective envelope masses and is significant at the 3.6{sigma} level. We identify stellar mass, not convective envelope mass, as the best predictor of stellar obliquity in hot Jupiter systems. The best explanation for these observations is that many hot Jupiters in misaligned systems arrived in the close proximity of their host stars long after their parent protoplanetary disks dissipated. The dependence of observed age offset on convective envelope mass suggests that tidal realignment contributes to the population of aligned hot Jupiters orbiting stars with convective envelopes.2022AJ....164...26Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/26CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/simbad : Simbad objects catalogue (M.Wenger 2000)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)II/335 : Revised catalog of GALEX UV sources (Bianchi+ 2017)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/ApJ/651/L49 : Upper Sco OB association IRAC observations (Carpenter+, 2006)J/ApJ/683/1076 : Transits of exoplanet XO-3b (Winn+, 2008)J/ApJ/707/446 : HAT-P-13 photometry follow-up (Bakos+, 2009)J/ApJ/706/785 : HAT-P-12 light curve (Hartman+, 2009)J/ApJ/704/1107 : Transiting planet candidates HATNet field 205 (Latham+, 2009)J/A+A/502/391 : WASP-13b photometry and radial velocities (Skillen+, 2009)J/A+A/502/395 : WASP-11b (West+, 2009)J/ApJ/700/302 : Relative photometry of XO-3 (Winn+, 2009)J/ApJ/709/159 : Relative Ic photometry of WASP-17 (Anderson+, 2010)J/A+A/519/A98 : Transit of exoplanet WASP-21b (Bouchy+, 2010)J/ApJ/720/1118 : i-band photometry of HAT-P-16 (Buchhave+, 2010)J/ApJ/725/2017 : Sloan i-band light curve of HAT-P-24 (Kipping+, 2010)J/A+A/520/A56 : WASP-26b RV and photometric data (Smalley+, 2010)J/ApJ/715/458 : Differential photometry of HAT-P-14 (Torres+, 2010)J/A+A/524/A25 : Radial Velocities on 6 exoplanet host stars (Triaud+, 2010)J/A+A/534/A16 : WASP-22 & WASP-26 photometry and velocities (Anderson+, 2011)J/ApJ/742/116 : Photometry of 4 massive transiting exoplanets (Bakos+, 2011)J/A+A/525/A54 : Transits of WASP-38b (Barros+, 2011)J/A+A/531/A40 : Transits of WASP-39b (Faedi+, 2011)J/ApJ/726/52 : HAT-P-18 and HAT-P-19 follow-up (Hartman+, 2011)J/A+A/527/L11 : HAT-P-6 radial velocity curve (Hebrard+, 2011)J/ApJ/735/24 : HAT-P-30 follow-up photometry (Johnson+, 2011)J/AJ/141/63 : Relative radial velocities of HAT-P-4 & HAT-P-14 (Winn+, 2011)J/ApJ/757/18 : Radial velocities 16 hot Jupiter host stars (Albrecht+, 2012)J/AJ/144/19 : Follow-up photometry HAT-P-34 through HAT-P-37 (Bakos+, 2012)J/MNRAS/423/1503 : RV curves of WASP-16, 25 and 31 (Brown+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/84 : Follow-up photometry and velocity of Qatar 2 (Bryan+, 2012)J/AJ/144/139 : HAT-P-39, HAT-P-40, and HAT-P-41 follow-up (Hartman+, 2012)J/MNRAS/426/739 : Velocities for seven transiting hot Jupiters (Hellier+, 2012)J/ApJ/745/19 : Binary systems in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2012)J/A+A/544/A72 : WASP-42 and WASP-49 photometry and velocities (Lendl+, 2012)J/A+A/547/A61 : WASP78 and WASP79 RV and photometric data (Smalley+, 2012)J/A+A/552/A82 : WASP-64b and WASP-72b light curves (Gillon+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A134 : 4 new WASP transiting close-in giant planets (Hebrard+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A150 : SWEETCat I. Stellar parameters for host stars (Santos+, 2013)J/A+A/552/A120 : WASP-71b light curve (Smith+, 2013)J/A+A/551/A80 : WASP-80 photometric and radial velocity data (Triaud+, 2013)J/MNRAS/445/1114 : WASP-69b, WASP-70Ab and WASP-84b (Anderson+, 2014)J/A+A/562/L3 : WASP-103b radial velocities and light curves (Gillon+, 2014)J/A+A/572/A49 : WASP-94AB photo. & radial velocities (Neveu-VanMalle+, 2014)J/AJ/150/12 : Radial velocity of HD 33643 (Bieryla+, 2015)J/A+A/575/A111 : GAPS V; Global analysis of the XO-2 system (Damasso+, 2015)J/AJ/150/85 : Photometry and spectroscopy of HAT-P-56 (Huang+, 2015)J/A+A/579/A136 : HAT-P-36 and WASP-11/HAT-P-10 light curves (Mancini+, 2015)J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)J/MNRAS/450/1760 : Transiting planet WASP-6b (Tregloan-Reed+, 2015)J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/A+A/594/A50 : K2-30 b and K2-34 b K2 light curves (Lillo-Box+, 2016)J/AJ/152/127 : Sloan i follow-up light curves of HATS-18 (Penev+, 2016)J/MNRAS/457/4205 : WASP-22, WASP-41, WASP-42, WASP-55 (Southworth+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A126 : 3 irradiated & bloated hot Jupiters RV and phot. (West+, 2016)J/A+A/608/A135 : Na detection in WASP-69b atmosphere (Casasayas-Barris+, 2017)J/A+A/599/A3 : WASP 127, 136 and 138 RV and light curves (Lam+, 2017)J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey. I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)J/ApJS/237/38 : Extended abundance analysis of KOIs (Brewer+, 2018)J/ApJ/860/109 : Keck HIRES obs. 245 subgiants (retired Astars) (Ghezzi+, 2018)J/A+A/613/A41 : 5 exoplanet light and RV curves (Mancini+, 2018)J/AJ/155/165 : Dissipation exoplanet hosts from tidal spin-up (Penev+, 2018)J/A+A/620/A58 : SWEET-Cat updated (Sousa+, 2018)J/AJ/158/190 : Main sequence hot Jupiter hosts good astrometry (Hamer+, 2019)J/AJ/158/197 : Radial velocities & light curves of KELT-24 (Rodriguez+, 2019)J/AJ/157/141 : Radial velocity and light curves of WASP-190 (Temple+, 2019)J/AJ/158/141 : Differential photo. & RVs of HAT-P-69 & HAT-P-70 (Zhou+, 2019)J/A+A/635/A205 : Ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b transits (Bourrier+, 2020)J/A+A/640/A32 : WASP-148 velocity curve (Hebrard+, 2020)J/A+A/642/A50 : WASP-74 griz_s_ light curves (Luque+, 2020)J/AJ/160/214 : 130 Stellar ages & planetary orbital prop. (Safsten+, 2020)J/AJ/161/68 : Obliquities of 150 hot Kepler hosting stars (Louden+, 2021)J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia EDR 3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)J/A+A/653/A160 : Updated radial velocities from Gaia DR2 (Seabroke+, 2021)J/AJ/163/159 : Species abundances in WASP-77A (Reggiani+, 2022)J/AJ/163/158 : BRV light curve of XO-3 (Worku+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/26https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/26http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/26https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/26https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/26http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/26GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/164/26/table1 (*Isochrone analysis input data and stellar modeling output data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/26/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/26/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/164/26/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.96169891.20044140.0055555555555555566/876 1066 1292 2711 4632 4730 4990 6017 6181 6381 6638 7036 7208 7652 7917 8197 8825 9173 9459 9482 9524 9651 9811 10407 10654 10730 10953 12644 12853 12862 12983 13439 13680 13702 14446 14598 14667 14825 14886 15040 15129 15707 16947 17172 17819 17851 18093 18569 18766 18943 20116 20339 20382 21026 21254 21876 21885 22001 22169 22331 22505 24057 24115 24409 25194 25433 25721 25885 26771 26844 30009 30013 30466 30485 31541 31641 32387 33798 34708 35210 35486 35993 36142 36165 36497 37274 38452 38682 39542 40251 42936 43180 43733 43775 43847 43960 44200 46421 46437 47476 48178 491031.1166583743361574e-19 9.736485774071566e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/164/26?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/26/table1*Isochrone analysis input data and stellar modeling output dataSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableRad[0.6/2.33] Stellar radius from isochrone analysissolRadphys.size.radiusdoublee_Rad[0.001/0.04] Lower uncertainty on RadsolRadstat.errordoubleE_Rad[0.0009/0.05] Upper uncertainty on RadsolRadstat.error;stat.maxdoubleTeff-i[4096/9711] Stellar effective temperature from isochrone analysisKphys.temperature.effectivedoublee_Teff-i[1/118] Lower uncertainty on Teff-iKstat.errordoubleE_Teff[2/177] Upper uncertainty on Teff-iKstat.error;stat.maxdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNamePlanet's host star namemeta.id;meta.maincharplx[0.98/50.6] Gaia EDR3 parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigdoublee_plx[0.008/0.2] Error on plxmasstat.error;pos.parallax.trigdoubleAVmag[0/0.54] Extinction in V band from dust mapmagphys.absorptiondoublee_AVmag[0/0.5] Error on extinction in AVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleTeff[4143/10170]? Effective temperature from spectroscopyKphys.temperature.effectivedoublenullablee_Teff[7/480]? Error on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivedoublenullablelogg[3.92/4.8]? Surface gravity from spectroscopylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublenullablee_logg[0.01/0.7]? Error on logglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoublenullable[Fe/H][-0.41/0.5]? Metallicity from spectroscopyphys.abund.Zdoublenullablee_[Fe/H][0.01/0.1]? Error on [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.FedoublenullableW1mag[7.46/13]? AllWISE or WISE W1 magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoublenullablee_W1mag[0.02/0.1]? Error on W1magmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableW2mag[7.12/13]? AllWISE or WISE W2 magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_W2mag[0.01/0.04]? Error on W2magmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableAge[126918579/13059983270] Stellar age from isochrone analysisyrtime.agedoublee_Age[18199649/1924875180] Lower uncertainty Ageyrstat.error;time.agedoubleE_Age[7706714/1776789285] Upper uncertainty on Ageyrstat.error;stat.maxdouble[Fe/H]-i[-0.31/0.57] Stellar metallicity from isochrone analysisphys.abund.Fedoublee_[Fe/H]-i[0.004/0.05] Lower uncertainty on [Fe/H]-istat.error;phys.abund.FedoubleE_[Fe/H]-i[0.003/0.05] Upper uncertainty on [Fe/H]-istat.error;stat.maxdoubleMass[0.61/2.36] Stellar mass from isochrone analysissolMassphys.massdoublee_Mass[0.001/0.06] Lower uncertainty on MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massdoubleE_Mass[0.002/0.06] Upper uncertainty on MasssolMassstat.error;stat.maxdoublelogg-i[3.94/4.66] Stellar surface gravity from isochrone analysislog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublee_logg-i[0.001/0.03] Lower uncertainty on logg-ilog(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoubleE_logg-i[0.002/0.03] Upper uncertainty on logg-ilog(cm.s**-2)stat.error;stat.maxdoubleAVmag-i[0.0006/0.63] Extinction in V band from isochrone analysismagphys.absorptiondoublee_AVmag-i[0.0005/0.07] Lower uncertainty on AVmag-imagstat.errordoubleE_AVmag-i[0.0004/0.06] Upper uncertainty on AVmag-imagstat.error;stat.maxdoublefMass[0/0.73] Fraction of stellar mass in surface convective envelopephys.mass;arith.ratiodouble_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainNUVmag[12.9/21.9]? GALEX NUV magnitudemagphot.mag;em.UVdoublenullablee_NUVmag[0.002/0.4]? Error on NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableumag[9.38/17]? SDSS or SkyMapper u band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Udoublenullablee_umag[0.003/0.04]? Error on umagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablevmag[8.72/16.2]? SkyMapper v band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vdoublenullablee_vmag[0.003/0.02]? Error on vmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablegmag[9.85/15.5]? SDSS or SkyMapper g band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublenullablee_gmag[0.004/0.04]? Error on gmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablermag[9.58/14.8]? SDSS or SkyMapper r band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublenullablee_rmag[0.004/0.02]? Error on rmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableimag[9.42/14.6]? SDSS or SkyMapper i band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_imag[0.004/0.03]? Error on imagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablezmag[10.4/14.5]? SDSS or SkyMapper z band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_zmag[0.003/0.03]? Error on zmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableBPmag[7.61/15.3] Gaia DR2 BP mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublee_BPmag[0.002/0.01] Error on BPmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleGmag[7.41/14.9] Gaia DR2 G mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublee_Gmag[0.0003/0.002] Error on Gmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleRPmag[6.8/14.2] Gaia DR2 RP mean magnitudemagphot.mag;stat.meandoublee_RPmag[0.002/0.01] Error on RPmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleJmag[6.07/13.5]? 2MASS J magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublenullablee_Jmag[0.01/0.05]? Error on Jmagnmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableHmag[5.58/13.09]? 2MASS H magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hdoublenullablee_Hmag[0.01/0.06]? Error on Hmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableKmag[5.54/13.1]? 2MASS K magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullablee_Kmag[0.01/0.04]? Error on Kmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullable