J/AJ/164/143ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/164/143doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51640143CDSWang J.J.Gao P.Chilcote J.Lozi J.Guyon O.Marois C.De Rosa R.J.,Sahoo A.Groff T.D.Vievard S.Jovanovic N.Greenbaum A.Z.Macintosh B.2023-01-17T13:15:06Z2022-12-06T08:27:16ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsvariable-starsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyinfrared-photometryThe atmospheres of gas giant planets are thought to be inhomogeneous due to weather and patchy clouds. We present two full nights of coronagraphic observations of the HR8799 planets using the CHARIS integral field spectrograph behind the SCExAO adaptive optics system on the Subaru Telescope to search for spectrophotometric variability. We did not detect significant variability signals, but placed the lowest variability upper limits for HR 8799c and d. Based on injection-recovery tests, we expected to have a 50% chance to detect signals down to 10% H-band photometric variability for HR 8799c and down to 30% H-band variability for HR8799d. We also investigated spectral variability and expected a 50% chance to recover 20% variability in the H/K flux ratio for HR8799c. We combined all the data from the two nights to obtain some of the most precise spectra obtained for HR8799c, d, and e. Using a grid of cloudy radiative-convective-thermochemical equilibrium models, we found all three planets prefer supersolar metallicity with effective temperatures of ~1100K. However, our high signal-to-noise spectra show that HR8799d has a distinct spectrum from HR8799c, possibly preferring more vertically extended and uniform clouds and indicating that the planets are not identical.2022AJ....164..143Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/164/143CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/A+A/587/A57 : HR 8799e and HR 8799d spectra (Zurlo+, 2016)J/AJ/155/226 : Gemini Planet Imager spectra of HR8799 c/d/e (Greenbaum+, 2018)J/AJ/162/290 : OSIRIS K-band spectra of planets HR8799 b, c, d (Ruffio+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/143https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/143http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/164/143https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/143https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/143http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/164/143GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/164/143/fig2Spectra of HR 8799 c, d, and e resulting from summing 8 hours of data from each nightrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWave[1.16/2.37] Wavelengthumem.wlfloatc1Flux[3e-17/2e-16] HR8799c flux density on Night 1W.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_c1Flux[1e-18/3e-17] Uncertainty in c1FluxW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubled1Flux[3e-17/2e-16] HR8799d flux density on Night 1W.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_d1Flux[3e-18/3e-17] Uncertainty in d1FluxW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublee1Flux[-4e-17/2e-16] HR8799e flux density on Night 1W.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_e1Flux[7e-18/8e-17] Uncertainty in e1FluxW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublec2Flux[4e-17/3e-16] HR8799c flux density on Night 2W.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_c2Flux[2e-18/2e-17] Uncertainty in c2FluxW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubled2Flux[4e-17/2e-16] HR8799d flux density on Night 2W.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_d2Flux[3e-18/4e-17] Uncertainty in d2FluxW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublee2Flux[2e-17/2e-16] HR8799e flux density on Night 2W.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_e2Flux[8e-18/1e-16] Uncertainty in e2FluxW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubleJ/AJ/164/143/fig5Time-series of the flux of HR 8799 c and d integrated over J, H, F190, and K bandse_d190phot[2e-18/3e-17] Uncertainty in d190photW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBin[1/2] Bin durationhtime.durationintMJD[58362/58364] Modified Julian Date; MJD-2400000.5dtime.epochdoublecJphot[8e-17/2e-16] HR8799c J band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IR.Jdoublee_cJphot[3e-18/5e-17] Uncertainty in cJphotW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublecHphot[1e-16/2e-16] HR8799c H band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IR.Hdoublee_cHphot[2e-18/2e-17] Uncertainty in cHphotW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublecKphot[1e-16/2e-16] HR8799c K band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IR.Kdoublee_cKphot[1e-18/2e-16] Uncertainty in cKphotW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoublec190phot[6e-17/2e-16] HR8799c F190 band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoublee_c190phot[1e-18/2e-17] Uncertainty in c190photW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubledJphot[-2e-17/2e-16] HR8799d J band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IR.Jdoublee_dJphot[3e-18/1e-16] Uncertainty in dJphotW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubledHphot[1e-16/2e-16] HR8799d H band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IR.Hdoublee_dHphot[2e-18/4e-17] Uncertainty in dHphotW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubledKphot[1e-16/2e-16] HR8799d K band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IR.Kdoublee_dKphot[2e-18/2e-17] Uncertainty in dKphotW.m**-2.um**-1stat.errordoubled190phot[7e-17/2e-16] HR8799d F190 band flux in BinW.m**-2.um**-1phot.flux.density;em.IRdoubleJ/AJ/164/143/fig8Time-series of the flux ratios between various bands for HR 8799 c and drecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBin[1/2] Bin durationhtime.durationintMJD[58362/58364] Modified Julian Date; MJD-2400000.5dtime.epochdoublecJKRatio[0.58/1] HR8799c J/K bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_cJKRatio[0.03/0.4] Uncertainty in cJ/KRatiostat.errordoublecHKRatio[0.87/1.25] HR8799c H/K bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_cHKRatio[0.02/0.1] Uncertainty in cH/KRatiostat.errordoublecH190Ratio[1.55/2.15] HR8799c H/F190 bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_cH190Ratio[0.04/0.3] Uncertainty in cH/190Ratiostat.errordoublecK190Ratio[1.54/1.92] HR8799c K/F190 bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_cK190Ratio[0.03/0.4] Uncertainty in cK/190Ratiostat.errordoubledJKRatio[-0.08/1.14] HR8799d J/K bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_dJKRatio[0.02/0.7] Uncertainty in dJ/KRatiostat.errordoubledHKRatio[0.87/1.31] HR8799d H/K bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_dHKRatio[0.03/0.4] Uncertainty in dH/KRatiostat.errordoubledH190Ratio[1.37/1.79] HR8799d H/F190 bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_dH190Ratio[0.06/0.6] Uncertainty in dH/190Ratiostat.errordoubledK190Ratio[1.09/1.69] HR8799d K/F190 bands flux ratio in Binphot.flux.density;em.IR;arith.ratiodoublee_dK190Ratio[0.04/0.4] Uncertainty in dK/190Ratiostat.errordouble