J/AJ/163/239ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/163/239doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/be-53-7fCDSNgeow C.-C.Bhardwaj A.Dekany R.Duev D.A.Graham M.J.Groom S.L.,Mahabal A.A.Masci F.J.Medford M.S.Riddle R.2026-07-02T11:44:11Z2025-10-14T15:54:49ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clustersvariable-starsphotometryvisible-astronomyinterstellar-reddeningmetallicityBased on time-series observations collected from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), we derived period-luminosity-metallicity (PLZ) and period-Wesenheit-metallicity (PWZ) relations for RR Lyrae located in globular clusters. We have applied various selection criteria to exclude RR Lyrae with problematic or spurious light curves. These selection criteria utilized information on the number of data points per light curve, amplitudes, colors, and residuals on the period-luminosity and/or period-Wesenheit relations. Due to blending, a number of RR Lyrae in globular clusters were found to be anomalously bright and have small amplitudes of their ZTF light curves. We used our final sample of ~750 RR Lyrae in 46 globular clusters covering a wide metallicity range (-2.36dex<[Fe/H]<-0.54dex) to derive PLZ and PWZ relations in the gri bands. In addition, we have also derived the period-color-metallicity and, for the first time, the period-Q-index-metallicity relations, where the Q-index is extinction-free by construction. We have compared our various relations to empirical and theoretical relations available in the literature and found a good agreement with most studies. Finally, we applied our derived PLZ relation to a dwarf galaxy, Crater II, and found that its true distance modulus should be larger than the most recent determination.2022AJ....163..239Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/163/239CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/371 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 2 (Abbott+, 2021)V/150 : Updated catalog of variable stars in globular clusters (Clement+ 2017)J/AJ/108/1786 : Blue stragglers and variable stars in M3 (Guhathakurta+, 1994)J/ApJ/463/26 : VI photometry of 29 Cepheids in M101. (Kelson+ 1996)J/AJ/130/2140 : Abundances and velocities in globular clusters (Pritzl+, 2005)J/MNRAS/372/1657 : BVI(c) light curves of variables in M3 (Benko+, 2006)J/MNRAS/371/1503 : Synthetic photometry of RR Lyr (Marconi+, 2006)J/A+A/474/121 : Galac. globular cluster 2MASS GC02 JKs phot. (Borissova+, 2007)J/ApJ/708/717 : Light curve templates of RR Lyrae stars (Sesar+, 2010)J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/ApJ/763/32 : Galactic halo RRab stars from CSS (Drake+, 2013)J/AcA/63/91 : V-band light curves of variables in M80 (Kopacki, 2013)J/MNRAS/439/3765 : RR Lyrae in 15 Galactic globular clusters (Dambis+, 2014)J/ApJ/814/71 : Carina project IX: UBVI data Carina variables (Coppola+, 2015)J/A+A/573/A13 : Metal abundances in 6 globular cluster (Dias+, 2015)J/AJ/151/88 : LMC NIR Synoptic Surv. II. Wesenheit relations (Bhardwaj+, 2016)J/AJ/152/170 : RRLs in globulars. IV. UBVRI phot. in Omega Cen (Braga+, 2016)J/A+A/590/A9 : RGB stars in Galactic GC stellar parameters (Dias+, 2016)J/ApJ/841/84 : Theoretical framework for RR Lyrae. II. MIR data (Neeley+, 2017)J/AJ/153/204 : RR Lyrae stars from the PS1 3{pi} survey (Sesar+, 2017)J/AJ/154/85 : CTIO/DECam photometry of RR Lyrae stars in M5 (Vivas+, 2017)J/AJ/156/241 : A first cat. of variable stars measured by ATLAS (Heinze+, 2018)J/ApJ/861/23 : RR Lyrae variables in the Crater II dwarf galaxy (Joo+, 2018)J/MNRAS/481/1195 : Gaia DR2 RR Lyrae as standard candles (Muraveva+, 2018)J/A+A/619/A13 : 28 distant globular clusters CaT metallicities (Vasquez+, 2018)J/ApJ/883/11 : Magellan/IMACS spectra of Crater II & Hercules (Fu+, 2019)J/MNRAS/490/4121 : DECam colour-magnitude diagram of Crater II (Walker+, 2019)J/AJ/160/220 : NIR light curve of 234 RR Lyrae in Messier 3 (Bhardwaj+, 2020)J/ApJ/896/L43 : Cepheids HST amplitudes in V- and H-band (Riess+, 2020)J/ApJ/900/L10 : X-band data of GOTHAM Large Project for TMC-1 (McGuire+, 2020)J/MNRAS/492/1061 : A DECam view of Crater II - Variable stars (Vivas+, 2020)J/ApJ/922/20 : CFHT optical & NIR obs. of RR Lyrae in M15 (Bhardwaj+, 2021)J/AJ/162/63 : ZTF LCs of 51 stars in 12 globular clusters (Ngeow+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/239https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/239http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/239https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/239https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/239http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/239GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/163/239/table2 (List of globular clusters and the number of RR Lyrae in the sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/239/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/239/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/239/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true266.2279583.1701390.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/163/239/table3 (Periods, mean magnitudes, amplitudes and reddenings for our RR Lyrae)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/239/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/239/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/239/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true151.381370.072640.005555555555555556https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/163/239?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/163/239/table2List of globular clusters and the number of RR Lyrae in the samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameClGlobular cluster identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryNameC17Name of the globular cluster in Clement+2017 (V/150/clusters); Column added by CDSmeta.idchar[Fe/H][-2.36/-0.43] Metallicity in dex (1)log(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H][0.01/0.73] Uncertainty in [Fe/H]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.FefloatngRR0[0/101] Number of RR0 Lyrae in the cluster based on g-band observationsmeta.number;em.optintnrRR0[0/132] Number of RR0 Lyrae in the cluster based on r-band observationsmeta.number;em.optintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharniRR0[0/88] Number of RR0 Lyrae in the cluster based on i-band observationsmeta.number;em.optintngRR1[0/53] Number of RR1 Lyrae in the cluster based on g-band observationsmeta.number;em.optintnrRR1[0/48] Number of RR1 Lyrae in the cluster based on r-band observationsmeta.number;em.optintniRR1[0/39] Number of RR1 Lyrae in the cluster based on i-band observationsmeta.number;em.optintntot[1/167] Total number of RR Lyrae in the cluster (2)meta.number;em.optintDist[1.85/94.84] Distance to the cluster (1)kpcmeta.numberfloate_Dist[0.02/3.23] Uncertainty in Distkpcstat.errorfloatE[0/2.029] Averaged reddening (3)magphot.color.excessfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/163/239/table3Periods, mean magnitudes, amplitudes and reddenings for our RR LyraeNameClName of the globular cluster (1)meta.numbercharprimaryNi[0/428] Number of data points in i band (3)meta.number;em.optintE[0/2.1] Reddening from Bayestar19 map (4)magphot.color.excessfloate_E[0/0.021] Error in reddeningmagstat.error;phot.color.excessfloatFlagFlags (5)meta.codechar_RAPositions from Clement+17 (V/150) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Clement+17 (V/150) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameC17Name of the globular cluster in Clement+2017 (V/150/clusters); Column added by CDSmeta.numbercharNameRRName of the RR Lyrae in globular cluster (1)meta.id;meta.maincharTypeEither RR0 (for fundamental mode) or RR1 (for first-overtone mode)src.classcharPer[0.21/0.96] Period in daysdtime.perioddoublegmag[-100/20.8] Mean g band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatgAmp[-10/3.4] Amplitude in g band (2)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.optfloatNg[0/1385] Number of data points in g band (3)meta.number;em.optintrmag[-100/20.9] Mean r band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatrAmp[-10/102.6] Amplitude in r band (2)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.optfloatNr[0/1415] Number of data points in r band (3)meta.number;em.optintimag[-100/20.4] Mean i band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatiAmp[-10/1.1] Amplitude in i band (2)magsrc.var.amplitude;phot.mag;em.optfloat