J/AJ/163/19ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/163/19doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51630019CDSRoettenbacher R.M.Cabot S.H.C.Fischer D.A.Monnier J.D.,Henry G.W.,Harmon R.O.Korhonen H.Brewer J.M.Llama J.Petersburg R.R.Zhao L.L.,Kraus S.Le Bouquin J.-B.Anugu N.Davies C.L.Gardner T.,Lanthermann C.Schaefer G.Setterholm B.Clark C.A.Jorstad S.G.,Kuehn K.Levine S.2022-09-30T22:03:51Z2022-04-13T08:26:30ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frk-starsexoplanetsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyphotometryradial-velocityThe distortions of absorption line profiles caused by photospheric brightness variations on the surfaces of cool, main-sequence stars can mimic or overwhelm radial velocity (RV) shifts due to the presence of exoplanets. The latest generation of precision RV spectrographs aims to detect velocity amplitudes <~10cm/s, but requires mitigation of stellar signals. Statistical techniques are being developed to differentiate between Keplerian and activity-related velocity perturbations. Two important challenges, however, are the interpretability of the stellar activity component as RV models become more sophisticated, and ensuring the lowest-amplitude Keplerian signatures are not inadvertently accounted for in flexible models of stellar activity. For the K2V exoplanet host {epsilon}Eridani, we separately used ground-based photometry to constrain Gaussian processes for modeling RVs and TESS photometry with a light-curve inversion algorithm to reconstruct the stellar surface. From the reconstructions of TESS photometry, we produced an activity model that reduced the rms scatter in RVs obtained with EXPRES from 4.72 to 1.98m/s. We present a pilot study using the CHARA Array and MIRC-X beam combiner to directly image the starspots seen in the TESS photometry. With the limited phase coverage, our spot detections are marginal with current data but a future dedicated observing campaign should allow for imaging, as well as allow the stellar inclination and orientation with respect to the debris disk to be definitively determined. This work shows that stellar surface maps obtained with high-cadence, time-series photometric and interferometric data can provide the constraints needed to accurately reduce RV scatter.2022AJ....163...19Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/163/19CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+AS/114/247 : Limb-darkening coefficients for R I J H K (Claret+, 1995)J/A+A/527/A140 : Mass limits on substellar companions (Reffert+, 2011)J/ApJ/744/138 : Calibrated visibilities of {epsilon} Eri (Baines+, 2012)J/ApJ/763/L26 : SMARTS observations of eps Eridani (Metcalfe+, 2013)J/A+A/552/A78 : Solar like stars radial velocities (Zechmeister+, 2013)J/A+A/564/A125 : AGN Torus model comparison of AGN in the CDFS (Buchner+, 2014)J/ApJS/210/5 : The twenty-five year Lick planet search (Fischer+, 2014)J/ApJ/807/23 : Companions RS CVn primaries. I. sig Gem (Roettenbacher+, 2015)J/A+A/618/A20 : Limb-darkening for TESS, Kepler, Corot, MOST (Claret, 2018)J/A+A/628/A9 : MASCARA-2b transmission spectra (Casasayas-Barris+, 2019)J/AJ/157/33 : Radial velocity exploration of {epsilon}Eridani (Mawet+, 2019)J/ApJ/874/107 : HARPS-N solar radial velocities & activity (Milbourne+, 2019)J/A+A/635/A13 : HD41248 Radial velocities & activity indicators (Faria+, 2020)J/AJ/159/187 : 1st RVs with EXPRES spectrograph: 51Peg (Petersburg+, 2020)J/AJ/161/26 : EXPRES. II. HD101501 photo. & radial velocity (Cabot+, 2021)J/A+A/648/A103 : Thorium line list (Dumusque+, 2021)J/A+A/646/A6 : sigma Gem BV photometry (Korhonen+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/19https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/19http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/19https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/19https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/19http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/19GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/163/19/table1EXPRES radial velocitiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRJD[58710/59167] Reduced Julian Date; RJD-2400000dtime.epochdoubleRVel[-14.5/10.9] Radial velocity of eps Eridanim/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVel[0.2/0.7] Radial velocity uncertaintym/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatJ/AJ/163/19/photCombined table from original tablesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintInstInstrument usedmeta.id;instrcharHJD[56576/58900] Heliocentric Julian Date; HJD-2400000dtime.epochdoubleOmag[-2/-1.95] Observed Stroemgren differential mag (b+y)/2magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VdoubleCmag[-1.99/-1.95] Long-term trend-removed mag (b+y)/2magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vdouble