J/AJ/163/171ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/163/171doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51630171CDSZhao L.L.Fischer D.A.Ford E.B.Wise A.Cretignier M.Aigrain S.,Barragan O.Bedell M.Buchhave L.A.Camacho J.D.Cegla H.M.,Cisewski-Kehe J.Collier Cameron A.de Beurs Z.L.Dodson-Robinson S.,Dumusque X.Faria J.P.Gilbertson C.Haley C.Harrell J.Hogg D.W.,Holzer P.John A.A.Klein B.Lafarga M.Lienhard F.Maguire-Rajpaul V.,Mortier A.Nicholson B.Palumbo M.L.Ramirez Delgado V.Shallue C.J.,Vanderburg A.Viana P.T.P.Zhao J.Zicher N.Cabot S.H.C.Henry G.W.,Roettenbacher R.M.Brewer J.M.Llama J.Petersburg R.R.Szymkowiak A.E.2022-09-30T22:19:07Z2022-05-12T08:40:46ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyradial-velocityMeasured spectral shifts due to intrinsic stellar variability (e.g., pulsations, granulation) and activity (e.g., spots, plages) are the largest source of error for extreme-precision radial-velocity (EPRV) exoplanet detection. Several methods are designed to disentangle stellar signals from true center-of-mass shifts due to planets. The Extreme-precision Spectrograph (EXPRES) Stellar Signals Project (ESSP) presents a self-consistent comparison of 22 different methods tested on the same extreme-precision spectroscopic data from EXPRES. Methods derived new activity indicators, constructed models for mapping an indicator to the needed radial-velocity (RV) correction, or separated out shape- and shift-driven RV components. Since no ground truth is known when using real data, relative method performance is assessed using the total and nightly scatter of returned RVs and agreement between the results of different methods. Nearly all submitted methods return a lower RV rms than classic linear decorrelation, but no method is yet consistently reducing the RV rms to sub-meter-per-second levels. There is a concerning lack of agreement between the RVs returned by different methods. These results suggest that continued progress in this field necessitates increased interpretability of methods, high-cadence data to capture stellar signals at all timescales, and continued tests like the ESSP using consistent data sets with more advanced metrics for method performance. Future comparisons should make use of various well-characterized data sets-such as solar data or data with known injected planetary and/or stellar signals-to better understand method performance and whether planetary signals are preserved.2022AJ....163..171Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/163/171CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/457/L99 : 25yr CaII-HK observations F-K nearby stars (Baliunas+, 1996)J/ApJS/141/503 : Radial Velocities for 889 late-type stars (Nidever+, 2002)J/A+A/495/959 : Radial velocity curve of HD 189733 (Boisse+, 2009)J/A+A/506/303 : CoRoT-7 radial velocities (Queloz+, 2009)J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)J/A+A/535/A55 : 4 stars with long-period planets (Dumusque+, 2011)J/ApJ/746/101 : Diameters and temperatures of AFG stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/A+A/560/A61 : A frequency Comb calibrated solar atlas (Molaro+, 2013)J/A+A/551/A79 : Radial velocity period variations in {tau}Ceti (Tuomi+, 2013)J/A+A/566/A35 : Radial velocities of HD 41248 (Santos+, 2014)J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/A+A/593/A5 : Radial velocity fitting challenge dataset (Dumusque, 2016)J/MNRAS/472/1618 : Kepler study of starspot lifetimes (Giles+, 2017)J/A+A/607/A124 : K-G-F dwarfs stellar granulation variability (Meunier+, 2017)J/MNRAS/474/2094 : Inferring probabilistic stellar rot periods (Angus+, 2018)J/AJ/155/126 : Radial velocities & photometry of Kdwarf HD26965 (Diaz+, 2018)J/A+A/636/A36 : Absolute radial velocities CARMENES M dwarfs (Lafarga+, 2020)J/AJ/159/187 : 1st RVs with EXPRES spectrograph: 51Peg (Petersburg+, 2020)J/A+A/639/A77 : Proxima Cen RV, FWHM and fluxes (Suarez Mascareno+, 2020)J/AJ/161/26 : EXPRES II HD101501 photometry & radial velocity (Cabot+, 2021)J/AJ/161/80 : Excalibur calib. method HD34411 RVs with EXPRESS (Zhao+, 2021)J/AJ/163/19 : EXPRES III. Photo. & RVel of epsEridani (Roettenbacher+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/171https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/171http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/163/171https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/171https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/171http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/163/171GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/163/171/table1 (Stellar parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/171/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/171/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/163/171/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true175.262567834.20163390.0055555555555555566/1341 17425 22708 28605https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/163/171?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/163/171/table1Stellar parametersHDStellar identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimarySpTSpectral typesrc.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintVmag[3.5/5.34] V-band magnitude from Ducati, 2002, II/237magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatB-V[0.62/0.82] B-V color from from Ducati, 2002, II/237magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatlogRHK[-5.09/-4.48] Median log R'HK index from Isaacson+, J/ApJ/725/875phot.flux;arith.ratiofloate_logRHK[-0.002] Error on logRHKstat.errorfloatDist[3.65/12.5] Distancepcpos.distancefloate_Dist[0.002/0.04] Error on Distpcstat.errorfloatr_DistReferences used for Dist (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharRVel[-42.3/66.6] Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVel[0.0002/0.08] Error on radial velocitykm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatr_RVelReferences used for RVel (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharLum[0.45/1.74] LuminositysolLumphys.luminosityfloate_Lum[0.002/0.03] Error on LumsolLumstat.errorfloatr_LumReferences used for Lum (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharRad[0.82/1.28] Radius from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32solRadphys.size.radiusfloate_Rad[0.02/0.04] Error on RadsolRadstat.errorfloatMass[0.8/1.08] Mass from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32solMassphys.massfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_Mass[0.1/0.2] Error on MasssolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatTeff[5092/5873] Effective temperature from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32Kphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff[25] Error on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[4.26/4.6] Surface gravity from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32phys.gravityfloate_logg[0.028] Error on loggstat.errorfloatFe/H[-0.53/0.1] Log metallicity from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32phys.abund.Zfloate_Fe/H[0.01] Error on Fe/Hstat.error;phys.abund.FefloatAge[3.5/12.8] Age from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32Gyrtime.agefloate_Age[-3.1/-0.8] Negative error on AgeGyrstat.error;time.agefloatE_Age[1/2.8] Positive error on AgeGyrstat.error;stat.maxfloatvsini[0.1/2.2] Rotational velocity from Brewer+, 2016, J/ApJS/225/32km/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_vsini[0.7] Error on vsinikm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatProt[17.1/40]? Rotation period from Baliunas+, 1996, J/ApJ/457/L99dtime.periodfloatnullableRVInteractive Plotmeta.ref.urlcharTrendInteractive Plotmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/163/171/table3Chunk-by-chunk radial velocitiesHDTarget HD catalog numbermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFitsSpectrum FITS file namemeta.id;meta.fitscharMJD[58524/59181] Modified Julian Date, JD-2400000.5dtime.epochdoubleEpoch[4/5] Instrument Epoch (1)time.epochintSNR[147/318] Spectrum median signal-to-noiseem.wl.central;stat.medianintRVel1[-9.33/8.56] CBC Radial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVel1[0.2/0.6] Uncertainty in RVel1m/sstat.errorfloatRVel2[-42348/66492] CCF Radial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVel2[0.1/0.5] Uncertainty in RVel2m/sstat.errorfloatSHK[0.09/0.31]? SHK Continuum normalized emission in the CaH&K linesspect.indexfloatnullableHa[0.16/0.24] Normalized H{alpha} emission (2)meta.notefloatEWHa[1.56/2.38] H{alpha} Equivalent Width, Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatFWHM[6510/7644] CCF FWHMm/sinstr.bandwidthdoublee_FWHM[19.3/35.6] Uncertainty in FWHMm/sstat.error;phys.angSizefloatBIS[-101/-36.8] Bisector spanm/sphys.velocdoubleVspan[-79.1/76.2] Velocity span (3)m/sphys.velocfloatBIG[0.05/3.63] Bi-Gaussian skew parameter (4)m/sphys.velocfloatSkew[-1.07/0.45] Skew Normal (5)meta.notefloatgmag[-0.005/0.006] Photometric measurement at time of RVel (6)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vdoublee_gmag[0.0002/0.004] Uncertainty in gmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleJ/AJ/163/171/table5Photometry and long-term trendHDTarget HD catalog numbermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJD[49095/59023] Modified Julian Date, JD-2400000.5dtime.epochdoubleby2[-2.64/-0.61] (b+y)/2magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VdoubleTrend[-2.64/-0.62] Trendmagstat.fit.paramdouble