J/AJ/162/82ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/82doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51620082CDSKrishnamurthy V.Hirano T.Stefansson G.Ninan J.P.Mahadevan S.,Gaidos E.Kopparapu R.Sato B.Hori Y.Bender C.F.Canas C.I.,Diddams S.A.Halverson S.Harakawa H.Hawley S.Hearty F.Hebb L.,Hodapp K.Jacobson S.Kanodia S.Konishi M.Kotani T.Kowalski A.,Kudo T.Kurokawa T.Kuzuhara M.Lin A.Maney M.Metcalf A.J.,Morris B.Nishikawa J.Omiya M.Robertson P.Roy A.Schwab C.,Serizawa T.Tamura M.Ueda A.Vievard S.Wisniewski J.2024-11-25T09:05:59Z2021-12-07T09:19:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyvisible-astronomysloan-photometryWe obtained high-resolution spectra of the ultracool M-dwarf TRAPPIST-1 during the transit of its planet "b" using two high-dispersion near-infrared spectrographs, the Infrared Doppler (IRD) instrument on the Subaru 8.2m telescope, and the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF) instrument on the 10m Hobby-Eberly Telescope. These spectroscopic observations are complemented by a photometric transit observation for planet "b" using the APO/ARCTIC, which assisted us in capturing the correct transit times for our transit spectroscopy. Using the data obtained by the new IRD and HPF observations, as well as the prior transit observations of planets "b," "e" and "f" from IRD, we attempt to constrain the atmospheric escape of the planet using the Hei triplet 10830{AA} absorption line. We do not detect evidence for any primordial extended H-He atmospheres in all three planets. To limit any planet-related absorption, we place an upper limit on the equivalent widths of <7.754m{AA} for planet "b," <10.458m{AA} for planet "e," <4.143m{AA} for planet "f" at 95% confidence from the IRD data, and <3.467m{AA} for planet "b" at 95% confidence from HPF data. Using these limits along with a solar- like composition isothermal Parker wind model, we attempt to constrain the mass-loss rates for the three planets. For TRAPPIST-1b, our models exclude the highest possible energy-limited rate for a wind temperature <5000K. This nondetection of extended atmospheres with low mean-molecular weights in all three planets aids in further constraining their atmospheric composition by steering the focus toward the search of high-molecular-weight species in their atmospheres.2021AJ....162...82Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/162/82CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+A/632/A24 : HeI IR triplet measurements for M dwarfs (Fuhrmeister+, 2019)J/A+A/640/A112 : TRAPPIST-1 transit timings (Ducrot+, 2020)J/AJ/159/100 : Flux & RVs of the dwarf G9-40 with K2 & HPF (Stefansson+,2020)J/AJ/160/192 : Photometry and RVs of K2-25b with HPF (Stefansson+, 2020)J/AJ/159/278 : He-filter obs. of WASP-69b & WASP-52b (Vissapragada+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/82https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/82http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/82https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/82https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/82http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/82GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/162/82/fig1APO/ARCTIC Transit and modeling of TRAPPIST-1brecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJD[2459097/2459098] Barycentric Julian Date at TDBdtime.epochdoubleflux[0.98/1.01] Normalized fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_flux[0.002/0.004] flux uncertaintystat.error;phot.fluxdoublemodel1[0.99/1.01] Best-fit transit model, with Gaussian Processstat.paramdoublegp[1/1.01] Best-fit Gaussian-Process model onlystat.paramdoubleflux2[0.98/1.01] detrended flux, removing Gaussian Processphot.fluxdoublemodel2[0.99/1.01] best-fit transit fit, no Gaussian Processstat.paramdoubleJ/AJ/162/82/fig2aTransmission spectra of TRAPPIST-1b,e,f from IRDrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintwaveb[1083/1084] Wavelength for TRAPPIST-1b (IRD)nmem.wldoubletb[0.6/1.7] median-combined normalized flux during transit of TRAPPIST-1b from IRDphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublentb[0.6/2] median-combined normalized flux outside the transit of TRAPPIST-1b from IRDphot.flux;arith.ratiodoubleratiob[-0.54/0.77] Flux ratio TRAPPIST-1b IRD (in/out-1)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_ratiob[0.009/0.4] Error in Flux ratio of TRAPPIST-1bstat.errordoublewavee[1083/1084] Wavelength in nm for TRAPPIST-1e (IRD)nmem.wldoublete[0.59/1.9] median-combined normalized flux during transit of TRAPPIST-1e from IRDphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublente[0.6/2] median-combined normalized flux outside the transit of TRAPPIST-1e from IRDphot.flux;arith.ratiodoubleratioe[-0.11/0.06] Flux ratio TRAPPIST-1e IRD (in/out-1)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_ratioe[0.01/0.5] Error in Flux ratio of TRAPPIST-1estat.errordoublewavef[1083/1084] Wavelength in nm for TRAPPIST-1f (IRD)nmem.wldoubletf[0.59/1.6] median-combined normalized flux during transit of TRAPPIST-1f from IRDphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublentf[0.6/2] median-combined normalized flux outside the transit of TRAPPIST-1f from IRDphot.flux;arith.ratiodoubleratiof[-0.21/0.07] Flux ratio TRAPPIST-1f IRD (in/out-1)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_ratiof[0.01/0.5] Error in Flux ratio of TRAPPIST-1fstat.errordoubleJ/AJ/162/82/fig2bTransmission spectra of TRAPPIST-1b from HPFrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintwaveb[1083/1084] Wavelength from HPFnmem.wldoubletb[0.37/1.1] Median-combined normalized flux during transit of TRAPPIST-1b from HPFphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublentb[0.65/1.2] Median-combined normalized flux outside the transit of TRAPPIST-1b from HPFphot.flux;arith.ratiodoubleratiob[-0.58/0.09] Flux ratio TRAPPIST-1b HPF (in/out-1)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_ratiob[0.02/9.5] Error in Flux ratio of TRAPPIST-1bstat.errordouble