J/AJ/162/236ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/236doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51620236CDSMintz A.Hora J.L.Winston E.2023-09-01T08:39:30Z2022-04-12T06:54:59ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fryoung-stellar-objectsob-starsstar-forming-regionsinfrared-photometrystellar-ageseffective-temperatureOB associations are home to newly formed massive stars, whose turbulent winds and ionizing flux create HII regions rich with star formation. Studying the distribution and abundance of young stellar objects (YSOs) in these ionized bubbles can provide essential insight into the physical processes that shape their formation, allowing us to test competing models of star formation. In this work, we examined one such OB association, Cepheus OB4 (CepOB4)-a well-suited region for studying YSOs due to its Galactic location, proximity, and geometry. We created a photometric catalog from Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) mosaics in bands 1 (3.6{mu}m) and 2 (4.5{mu}m). We supplemented the catalog with photometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, IRAC bands 3 (5.8{mu}m) and 4 (8.0{mu}m), MIPS 24{mu}m, and MMIRS near-infrared data. We used color-color selections to identify 821 YSOs, which we classified using the IR slope of the YSOs' spectral energy distributions, finding 67 Class I, 103 flat spectrum, 569 Class II, and 82 Class III YSOs. We conducted a clustering analysis of the Cep OB4 YSOs and fit their spectral energy distributions. We found many young Class I objects distributed in the surrounding shell and pillars as well as a relative age gradient of unclustered sourcesin the bubble surrounding the OB association, with YSOs generally decreasing in age with distance from the central cluster. Both of these results indicate that the expansion of the HII region may have triggered star formation in CepOB4.2021AJ....162..236Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/162/236CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/ApJ/827/96 : WISE census of YSOs in Canis Major (Fischer+, 2016)J/ApJS/229/28 : SFiNCs: X-ray, IR and membership catalogs (Getman+, 2017)J/A+A/620/A27 : Taurus ultra-wide pairs. II. (Joncour+, 2018)J/A+A/621/A115 : Vela OB2 members (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2019)J/ApJ/880/9 : Spitzer obs. of YSOs in the SMOG field (Winston+, 2019)J/AJ/155/44 : Prop. of PMS stars in young cluster Berkeley 59 (Panwar+, 2018)J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics in young star clusters & associations (Kuhn+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/236https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/236http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/236https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/236https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/236http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/236GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/162/236/table2 (Photometry table)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/236/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/236/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/236/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true356.907400767.71565020.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/162/236/table3 (Cep OB4 YSOs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/236/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/236/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/236/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true356.775420567.75456480.0055555555555555565/939 3927 6/3751 3753-3755 3768 3770 15701-15703 15732-157331.1166583743361574e-19 3.3785437584409506e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/162/236?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/162/236/table2Photometry tablef_w2mpro? WISE 4.6 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharNameYSO namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[0/360] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000[66/70] Declination (J2000) (deg)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedmagI1? IRAC 3.6 micron magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_magI1? Error in IRAC 3.6 micron magnitude (1)magstat.errorfloatnullablemagI2? IRAC 4.5 micron magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_magI2? Error in IRAC 4.5 micron magnitudemagstat.errordoublenullablemagI3? IRAC 5.8 micron magnitude (1)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_magI3? Error in IRAC 5.8 micron magnitude (1)magstat.errorfloatnullablemagI4? IRAC 8.0 micron magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_magI4? Error in IRAC 8.0 micron magnitude (1)magstat.errorfloatnullablejm2MASS? 2MASS J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_jm2MASS? Error in 2MASS J-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablehm2MASS? 2MASS H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_hm2MASS? Error in 2MASS H-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablekm2MASS? 2MASS K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_km2MASS? Error in 2MASS K-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablef_jm2MASS2MASS J-band flagmeta.codecharf_hm2MASS2MASS H-band flagmeta.codecharf_km2MASS2MASS K-band flagmeta.codecharw1mpro? WISE 3.4 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_w1mpro? Error in WISE 3.4 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew2mpro? WISE 4.6 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_w2mpro? Error in WISE 4.6 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew3mpro? WISE 12 micron magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_w3mpro? Error in WISE 12 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew4mpro? WISE 22 micron magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_w4mpro? Error in WISE 22 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablef_w1mpro? WISE 3.4 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharf_w3mpro? WISE 12 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharf_w4mpro? WISE 22 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharmagMIPS? MIPS 24 micron magnitude (1)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_magMIPS? Error in MIPS 24 micron magnitude (1)magstat.errorfloatnullablemagHMMIRS? MMIRs H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_magHMMIRS? Error in MMIRs H-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagJMMIRS? MMIRs J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_magJMMIRS? Error in MMIRs J-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagKMMIRS? MMIRs K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_magKMMIRS? Error in MMIRs K-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullableYSO? Boolean flag indicated whether source was selected as a YSOmeta.codecharJ/AJ/162/236/table3Cep OB4 YSOsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharmagMIPS? MIPS 24 micron magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[0/360] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[66/70] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainYSOBinary flag describes the selection method(s) (1)meta.codeintALPHAIR SED slopemeta.code;phys.polarizationfloate_ALPHA? Error in IR SED slopestat.errorfloatnullableCLUSTER? Cluster membershipmeta.code.memberintnullablemagI1? IRAC 3.6 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_magI1? Error in IRAC 3.6 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagI2? IRAC 4.5 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_magI2? Error in IRAC 4.5 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagI3? IRAC 5.8 micron magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_magI3? Error in IRAC 5.8 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagI4? IRAC 8.0 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_magI4? Error in IRAC 8.0 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablejm2MASS? 2MASS J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_jm2MASS? Error in 2MASS J-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablehm2MASS? 2MASS H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_hm2MASS? Error in 2MASS H-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablekm2MASS? 2MASS K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_km2MASS? Error in 2MASS K-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew1mpro? WISE 3.4 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_w1mpro? Error in WISE 3.4 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew2mpro? WISE 4.6 micron magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_w2mpro? Error in WISE 4.6 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew3mpro? WISE 12 micron magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_w3mpro? Error in WISE 12 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablew4mpro? WISE 22 micron magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_w4mpro? Error in WISE 22 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablee_magMIPS? Error in MIPS 24 micron magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagHMMIRS? MMIRs H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_magHMMIRS? Error in MMIRs H-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagJMMIRS? MMIRs J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_magJMMIRS? Error in MMIRs J-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablemagKMMIRS? MMIRs K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_magKMMIRS? Error in MMIRs K-band magnitudemagstat.errorfloatnullablerApMag? PanSTARRS r-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublenullablee_rApMag? Error in PanSTARRS r-band magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableiApMag? PanSTARRS i-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_iApMag? Error in PanSTARRS i-band magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableVmag? V-band magnitude from Panwar+, 2018, J/AJ/155/44magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Error in V-band magnitude from Panwar+, 2018, J/AJ/155/44magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableImag? I-band magnitude from Panwar+, 2018, J/AJ/155/44magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? Error in I-band magnitude from Panwar+, 2018, J/AJ/155/44magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableSEDSED fitting results (table6)meta.ref.urlcharNameYSO namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryCLASSEvolutionary classificationsrc.classcharf_jm2MASS2MASS J-band flagmeta.codecharf_hm2MASS2MASS H-band flagmeta.codecharf_km2MASS2MASS K-band flagmeta.codecharf_w1mpro? WISE 3.4 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharf_w2mpro? WISE 4.6 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharf_w3mpro? WISE 12 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharf_w4mpro? WISE 22 micron magnitude flagmeta.codecharJ/AJ/162/236/table6SED fitting resultsNameSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDistDistance to source (1)kpcpos.distancefloatNdataNumber of photometry data points in the SEDmeta.numberintchi2Chi-squared of the best SED fitstat.fit.chi2;meta.modelleddoubleMassMass of center sourcesolMassphys.massfloatAVmagVisual extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatAgeStellar ageyrtime.agedoubleMdiskDisk masssolMassphys.masscharMdotAccretion ratesolMass/yrarith.ratecharTeffStellar temperatureKphys.temperaturefloatLumTotal luminositysolLumphys.luminositydouble