J/AJ/162/101ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/101doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51620101CDSVenuti L.Cody A.M.Rebull L.M.Beccari G.Irwin M.J.Thanvantri S.,Howell S.B.Barentsen G.2022-03-14T06:42:13Z2021-12-15T08:25:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frnebulaeyoung-stellar-objectsvariable-starsvisible-astronomyh-alpha-photometryinfrared-photometrybroad-band-photometrystellar-spectral-typesSpace observatories have provided unprecedented depictions of the many variability behaviors typical of low-mass, young stars. However, those studies have so far largely omitted more massive objects (~2M{sun} to 4-5M{sun}) and were limited by the absence of simultaneous, multiwavelength information. We present a new study of young star variability in the ~1-2Myr old, massive Lagoon Nebula region. Our sample encompasses 278 young, late B to K-type stars, monitored with Kepler/K2. Auxiliary u, g, r, i, H{alpha} time-series photometry, simultaneous with K2, was acquired at the Paranal Observatory. We employed this comprehensive data set and archival infrared photometry to determine individual stellar parameters, assess the presence of circumstellar disks, and tie the variability behaviors to inner disk dynamics. We found significant mass-dependent trends in variability properties, with B/A stars displaying substantially reduced levels of variability compared to G/K stars for any light-curve morphology. These properties suggest different magnetic field structures at the surface of early-type and later-type stars. We also detected a dearth of some disk-driven variability behaviors, particularly dippers, among stars earlier than G. This indicates that their higher surface temperatures and more chaotic magnetic fields prevent the formation and survival of inner disk dust structures corotating with the star. Finally, we examined the characteristic variability timescales within each light curve and determined that the day-to-week timescales are predominant over the K2 time series. These reflect distinct processes and locations in the inner disk environment, from intense accretion triggered by instabilities in the innermost disk regions to variable accretion efficiency in the outer magnetosphere.2021AJ....162..101Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/162/101CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)II/314 : UKIDSS-DR8 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/321 : IPHAS DR2 Source Catalogue (Barentsen+, 2014)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)II/362 : i-band variability of YSOs (Sergison+, 2020)J/AJ/139/950 : JHKs photometry in ONC (Robberto+, 2010)J/MNRAS/407/1170 : IRAC photometry of M8 (Kumar+, 2010)J/A+A/525/A47 : U-band photometry in sigma Orionis region (Rigliaco+, 2011)J/ApJ/733/50 : Mid-IR photo. monitoring of the ONC (Morales-Calderon+, 2011)J/MNRAS/415/103 : IPHAS T Tauri candidates in IC 1396 (Barentsen+, 2011)J/AJ/143/140 : BEST-II periodic variables CoRoT LRa02 field II. (Fruth+, 2012)J/A+A/551/A107 : X-shooter spectra of 24 young stellar objects (Manara+, 2013)J/A+A/557/A77 : VR light curves of AA Tau in 2007-2013 (Bouvier+, 2013)J/A+A/560/A13 : Stellar rotation in h Per (Moraux+, 2013)J/ApJS/209/27 : MYStIX: the Chandra X-ray sources (Kuhn+, 2013)J/ApJS/209/31 : The MYStIX IR-Excess Source catalog (MIRES) (Povich+, 2013)J/ApJS/209/32 : Probable young stars in the MYStIX project (Broos+, 2013)J/A+A/561/A2 : 36 accreting YSOs emission lines (Alcala+, 2014)J/AJ/147/82 : Monitoring of disk-bearing stars in NGC 2264 (Cody+, 2014)J/AJ/148/122 : YSOVAR: infrared photometry in Lynds 1688 (Gunther+, 2014)J/ApJ/786/97 : Photospheric properties of T Tauri stars (Herczeg+, 2014)J/MNRAS/440/2036 : VPHAS+ survey synthetic colours (Drew+, 2014)J/MNRAS/453/1026 : Lagoon Nebula M8 T tauri accretion rates (Kalari+, 2015)J/A+A/586/A96 : Disk-locking PMS evolutionary tracks (Landin+, 2016)J/AJ/152/113 : Pleiades mem. with K2 light curves. I. Periods (Rebull+, 2016)J/ApJ/827/142 : ALMA observations of GKM stars in Upper Sco (Barenfeld+, 2016)J/ApJ/828/46 : ALMA survey of Lupus protoplanetary disks. I. (Ansdell+, 2016)J/A+A/600/A20 : Lupus YSOs X-shooter spectroscopy (Alcala+, 2017)J/A+A/603/A106 : Rotational periods in Cygnus OB2 (Roquette+, 2017)J/ApJ/839/92 : Praesepe members with K2 light curve data (Rebull+, 2017)J/AJ/155/196 : Analysis of K2 LCs for members USco & {rho}Oph (Rebull+, 2018)J/AJ/156/71 : K2 Campaign 2: young disk-bearing stars Sco & Oph (Cody+, 2018)J/A+A/623/A25 : Photometric and astrometric study of NGC 6530 (Damiani+, 2019)J/A+A/623/A159 : NGC6530 member param. from Gaia-ESO survey (Prisinzano+ 2019)J/ApJ/875/51 : Mass accretion rates PMS stars. VI. LH95 in LMC (Biazzo+, 2019)J/AJ/159/273 : Taurus members & nonmembers with K2 data (Rebull+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/101https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/101http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/101https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/101https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/101http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/101GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/162/101/table1 (*Young stars targeted during K2 Campaign 9)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/101/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/101/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/162/101/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true270.9510775-24.37316330.0055555555555555566/28890-28891https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/162/101?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/162/101/table1*Young stars targeted during K2 Campaign 9umag[8.24/20.5]? VST/OmegaCAM u-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameK2 EPIC identifier or common name if not in EPICmeta.id;meta.mainchar2MASS2MASS Identifiermeta.id.crosscharSpTEstimated Spectral type (1)src.spTypecharAVmag[0/3.8]? Estimated extinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatnullableDiskDisk flag (2)meta.codechargmag[8.27/20]? VST/OmegaCAM g-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablermag[8.35/18.1]? VST/OmegaCAM r-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullableimag[8.39/18.1]? VST/OmegaCAM i-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableHamag[8.29/18.2]? VST/OmegaCAM narrow-band H{alpha} magnitudemagphot.flux;em.line.HalphafloatnullableClassK2 light curve class (3)meta.code.classcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullable_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullable