J/AJ/161/68ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/161/68doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51610068CDSLouden E.M.Winn J.N.Petigura E.A.Isaacson H.Howard A.W.Masuda K.,Albrecht S.Kosiarek M.R.2022-09-30T21:39:52Z2021-05-18T07:53:31ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frg-starsexoplanetsmetallicityeffective-temperaturevisible-astronomyIt has been known for a decade that hot stars with hot Jupiters tend to have high obliquities. Less is known about the degree of spin-orbit alignment for hot stars with other kinds of planets. Here, we reassess the obliquities of hot Kepler stars with transiting planets smaller than Neptune, based on spectroscopic measurements of their projected rotation velocities (vsini). The basis of the method is that a lower obliquity-all other things being equal-causes sini to be closer to unity and increases the value of vsini. We sought evidence for this effect using a sample of 150 Kepler stars with effective temperatures between 5950 and 6550K and a control sample of 101 stars with matching spectroscopic properties and random orientations. The planet hosts have systematically higher values of vsini than the control stars, but not by enough to be compatible with perfect spin-orbit alignment. The mean value of sini is 0.856{+/-}0.036, which is 4{sigma} away from unity (perfect alignment), and 2{sigma} away from {pi}/4 (random orientations). There is also evidence that the hottest stars have a broader obliquity distribution: when modeled separately, the stars cooler than 6250K have <sini<=0.928{+/-}0.042 while the hotter stars are consistent with random orientations. This is similar to the pattern previously noted for stars with hot Jupiters. Based on these results, obliquity excitation for early-G and late-F stars appears to be a general outcome of star and planet formation, rather than being exclusively linked to hot Jupiter formation.2021AJ....161...68Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/161/68CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)J/AJ/154/108 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). II. Properties (Johnson+, 2017)J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)J/AJ/156/264 : California-Kepler Survey. VII. Planet radius gap (Fulton+,2018)J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler planetary cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+, 2018)J/A+A/635/A43 : Stellar Prot from K2 Campaigns 0-18 (Reinhold+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/161/68https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/161/68http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/161/68https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/161/68https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/161/68http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/161/68GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/161/68/table1 (Spectroscopic properties of the planet hosts)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/161/68/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/161/68/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/161/68/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true292.204680837.22120920.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/161/68/table2 (Spectroscopic properties of the control stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/161/68/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/161/68/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/161/68/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true291.157816437.51547420.0055555555555555565/3739 3741 3743 3779 3792 6/14578-14579 14581-14584 14586-14589 14591 14730-14731 14734-14735 14746 14751-14752 14755-14756 14759-14760 14762-14763 14765 14767-14768 14770 14772-14774 14777-14779 14781 14794 14816-14817 14819 14824-14825 14827-14828 14830 14914-14915 14918 14922-14925 14929-14934 14936-14937 14939 14942-14943 14945 14947 14949-14950 14952 14955 14961-14962 14968-14970 15043 15060 15104-15105 15107 15109-15112 15115 15120 15122-15124 15126-15130 15133-15134 15136-15137 15140 15142-15143 15145 15147-15150 15153-15157 15160 15172 15174 15200 15232https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/161/68?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/161/68/table1Spectroscopic properties of the planet hostsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler Input Catalog identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintKOIKepler Object of Interest identifiermeta.idintTeff[5950/6540] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[3.95/4.45] Surface gravityphys.gravityfloat[Fe/H][-0.29/0.3] Metallicityphys.abund.Zfloatvsini[2.31/18.56] Rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatCKS1Display data from California-Kepler Survey. I (J/AJ/154/107) within 1"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/161/68/table2Spectroscopic properties of the control starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler Input Catalog identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintTeff[5951/6536] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[3.96/4.44] Surface gravityphys.gravityfloat[Fe/H][-0.29/0.27] Metallicityphys.abund.Zfloatvsini[1.71/18.22] Rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main