J/AJ/160/90ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/90doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51600090CDSAngus R.Beane A.Price-Whelan A.M.Newton E.Curtis J.L.Berger T.,van Saders J.Kiman R.Foreman-Mackey D.Lu Y.Anderson L.Faherty J.K.2021-09-22T07:28:11Z2020-11-05T07:54:37ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frdwarf-starsstellar-masseseffective-temperaturegalaxy-kinematicsvisible-astronomyThe rotational evolution of cool dwarfs is poorly constrained after ~1-2Gyr due to a lack of precise ages and rotation periods for old main-sequence stars. In this work, we use velocity dispersion as an age proxy to reveal the temperature-dependent rotational evolution of low-mass Kepler dwarfs and demonstrate that kinematic ages could be a useful tool for calibrating gyrochronology in the future. We find that a linear gyrochronology model, calibrated to fit the period-Teff relationship of the Praesepe cluster, does not apply to stars older than around 1Gyr. Although late K dwarfs spin more slowly than early-K dwarfs when they are young, at old ages, we find that late K dwarfs rotate at the same rate or faster than early-K dwarfs of the same age. This result agrees qualitatively with semiempirical models that vary the rate of surface-to-core angular momentum transport as a function of time and mass. It also aligns with recent observations of stars in the NGC6811 cluster, which indicate that the surface rotation rates of K dwarfs go through an epoch of inhibited evolution. We find that the oldest Kepler stars with measured rotation periods are late K and early M dwarfs, indicating that these stars maintain spotted surfaces and stay magnetically active longer than more massive stars. Finally, based on their kinematics, we confirm that many rapidly rotating GKM dwarfs are likely to be synchronized binaries.2020AJ....160...90Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/160/90CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood (Holmberg+, 2007)V/130 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III (Holmberg+, 2009)V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)VI/137 : GaiaSimu Universe Model Snapshot (Robin+, 2012)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)J/MNRAS/377/741 : VIc photometry of NGC 2516 (Irwin+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)J/AJ/137/1 : PMs and astrometry of late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/AJ/141/92 : BVI photometry of 10 distant open clusters (Janes+, 2011)J/ApJ/733/L9 : Stellar rotation for 71 NGC 6811 members (Meibom+, 2011)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/A+A/543/A100 : GaiaSimu Universe Model Snapshot (Robin+, 2012)J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013)J/A+A/572/A34 : Pulsating solar-like stars in Kepler (Garcia+, 2014)J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation & Galactic kinematics mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016)J/ApJ/831/11 : KIC9777062 RVs & asteroseis.in NGC6811 (Sandquist+, 2016)J/ApJ/842/83 : Praesepe mem. rotational periods from K2 LCs (Douglas+,2017)J/ApJ/834/85 : H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)J/ApJ/839/92 : Praesepe members with K2 light curve data (Rebull+, 2017)J/ApJ/862/33 : Improved & expanded memb. catalog for NGC752 (Agueros+,2018)J/AJ/156/217 : Stellar prop. for M dwarfs in MEarth-South (Newton+, 2018)J/AJ/157/231 : MLSDSS-GaiaDR2 sample of M and L dwarfs (Kiman+, 2019)J/A+A/621/A21 : Activity of Kepler stars (Reinhold+, 2019)J/ApJ/871/174 : Kepler rapid rotators and Ks-band excesses (Simonian+, 2019)J/A+A/635/A43 : Stellar rot. periods from K2 Campaigns 0-18 (Reinhold+,2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/90https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/90http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/90https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/160/90https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/160/90http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/160/90GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/160/90/tableb1 (Data used for this project)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/160/90/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/160/90/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/160/90/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true291.650958336.83682720.0055555555555555564/922-923 933 944 5/3645-3647 3683 3704 3706 3729-3731 3780-3782 3792 6/14559 14567 14573 14575 14577-14579 14730-14731 14738 14744 14746-14747 14749-14751 14792 14794-14795 14822 14828 14830-14831 14914-14915 14949 14960 15132-15133 15172-15174 15176-15177https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/160/90?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/160/90/tableb1Data used for this projectrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler Input Catalog ID numbermeta.id;meta.mainintMass[0.25/1.2]? Stellar Mass (1)solMassphys.massdoublenullableTeff[3358/6489]? Effective Temperature (2)Kphys.temperature.effectivedoublenullableMcQuillanDisplay data from McQuillan+, 2014, J/ApJS/211/24meta.ref.urlcharProt[4.8/67.8]? Rotation period (3)dtime.perioddoublenullablee_Prot[0.0/15.7]? Uncertainty in Protdstat.errordoublenullablevb[-80.7/124]? Velocity in Galactic latitudekm/sphys.velocdoublenullablee_vb[0/1]? Uncertainty in vbkm/sstat.errordoublenullablesigma[5.3/24.9]? Velocity dispersion ({sigma}_vb_)(4)km/sphys.veloc.dispersiondoublenullablee_sigma[0.07/0.85]? Uncertainty in sigma (5)km/sstat.errordoublenullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main