J/AJ/160/181ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/181doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51600181CDSJi A.P.Li T.S.Hansen T.T.Casey A.R.Koposov S.E.Pace A.B.,Mackey D.Lewis G.F.Simpson J.D.Bland-Hawthorn J.Cullinane L.R.,Da Costa G.S.Hattori K.Martell S.L.Kuehn K.Erkal D.Shipp N.,Wan Z.Zucker D.B.2022-06-03T06:14:14Z2020-12-03T09:28:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgiant-starschemical-abundanceseffective-temperaturevisible-astronomyspectroscopyWe present high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectroscopy of 42 red giant stars in seven stellar streams confirmed by the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S5): ATLAS, Aliqa Uma, Chenab, Elqui, Indus, Jhelum, and Phoenix. Abundances of 30 elements have been derived from over 10000 individual line measurements or upper limits using photometric stellar parameters and a standard LTE analysis. This is currently the most extensive set of element abundances for stars in stellar streams. Three streams (ATLAS, Aliqa Uma, and Phoenix) are disrupted metal-poor globular clusters, although only weak evidence is seen for the light-element anticorrelations commonly observed in globular clusters. Four streams (Chenab, Elqui, Indus, and Jhelum) are disrupted dwarf galaxies, and their stars display abundance signatures that suggest progenitors with stellar masses ranging from 106 to 107M{sun}. Extensive description is provided for the analysis methods, including the derivation of a new method for including the effect of stellar parameter correlations on each star's abundance and uncertainty. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.2020AJ....160..181Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/160/181CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/simbad : Simbad objects catalogue (M.Wenger 2000)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)J/AJ/120/1841 : Abundances & Kinematics Halo & Disk Stars (Fulbright, 2000)J/ApJ/612/447 : Draco 119 and HD 88609 equivalent widths (Fulbright+, 2004)J/ApJ/617/1091 : La and Eu abundances in 85 stars (Simmerer+, 2004)J/AJ/128/1177 : Galactic stellar abundances (Venn+, 2004)J/A+A/439/129 : HERES II. Spectroscopic analysis (Barklem+, 2005)J/AJ/130/2140 : Abundances & velocities in globular clusters (Pritzl+, 2005)J/ApJS/167/292 : Laboratory transition proba. for GdII (Den Hartog+, 2006)J/ApJS/162/227 : Transition probabilities for SmII (Lawler+, 2006)J/A+A/464/201 : RGB stars in Sagittarius streams (Monaco+, 2007)J/ApJ/667/1267 : CrI transition probabilities (Sobeck+, 2007)J/A+A/490/625 : Abundances of NGC 6121 red giants (Marino+, 2008)J/A+A/505/139 : Abund. of red giants 17 globular clusters (Carretta+, 2009)J/A+A/505/117 : Abund. of red giants 15 globular clusters (Carretta+, 2009)J/ApJ/701/1053 : Abundances of 8 stars in the Draco dSph (Cohen+, 2009)J/ApJ/705/328 : Abundance measurements in Sculptor dSph (Kirby+, 2009)J/ApJS/182/51 : Transition proba. of rare earth elements (Lawler+, 2009)J/ApJS/182/80 : Rare earth abundances (Sneden+, 2009)J/ApJ/708/1290 : A 2MASS view of the Sgr dSph. VI. (Chou+, 2010)J/ApJ/719/931 : Chemical evolution of the UMi dSph (Cohen+, 2010)J/A+A/523/A17 : Individual stars in Fornax dSph center (Letarte+, 2010)J/ApJ/723/1632 : Abundance spreads in Bootes I and Segue 1 (Norris+, 2010)J/ApJ/711/350 : Metal-poor giant Boo-1137 abundances (Norris+, 2010)J/ApJ/711/573 : Detailed abundances in halo stellar stream (Roederer+, 2010)J/ApJS/194/35 : Atomic transition probabilities of Mn (Den Hartog+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/146 : Radial velocities of stars in Bootes I (Koposov+, 2011)J/AJ/141/175 : Abundances in M15 RGB/RHB stars (Sobeck+, 2011)J/ApJ/760/86 : Equivalent widths for 13 NGC2419 RGB stars (Cohen+, 2012)J/AJ/144/168 : Spectroscopy of Scl 1019417 and UMi 20103 (Kirby+, 2012)J/A+A/538/A100 : Abundances red giants in Carina dSph (Lemasle+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/76 : R-process peaks elements in HD 160617 (Roederer+, 2012)J/ApJ/751/102 : Equivalent widths of 9 RGB in Carina dSph (Venn+, 2012)J/ApJ/778/56 : Hamburg/ESO Survey extremely metal-poor stars (Cohen+, 2013)J/ApJ/769/57 : Equivalent widths of metal-poor stars (Frebel+, 2013)J/ApJ/763/61 : Abundances of 7 red giant members of BootesI (Gilmore+,2013)J/ApJ/778/149 : Abundances for 3 stars in Sgr dSph (McWilliam+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/27 : Sun and HD 84937 TiII log(gf) and abundances (Wood+, 2013)J/MNRAS/444/392 : Synthetic Stellar Photometry. I. (Casagrande+, 2014)J/ApJ/784/19 : Orphan stream high-resolution spectro. study (Casey+, 2014)J/ApJS/215/23 : FeI radiative lifetime & branching fract. (Den Hartog+,2014)J/ApJ/786/74 : EW measurements of 6 Segue 1 red giants (Frebel+, 2014)J/A+A/562/A146 : Chemical abundances of 8 metal-poor stars (Ishigaki+, 2014)J/ApJ/797/15 : HST/WFC3 obs. in 4 metal-poor GCs of Fornax (Larsen+, 2014)J/ApJS/215/20 : Vanadium log(gf) and transition probabilities (Lawler+,2014)J/A+A/571/A47 : Extensive linelist of CH in stellar atmo. (Masseron+, 2014)J/ApJ/797/21 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars (Placco+, 2014)J/AJ/147/136 : Stars very low metal abund. VI. Abundances (Roederer+, 2014)J/MNRAS/441/3127 : FeI oscillator strengths for Gaia-ESO (Ruffoni+, 2014)J/ApJS/214/26 : Line lists for CN isotopes transitions (Sneden+, 2014)J/ApJS/214/18 : VII log(gf) values, and V abundance in HD 84937 (Wood+ 2014)J/ApJS/211/20 : NiI transition probability measurements (Wood+, 2014)J/ApJS/220/13 : Co I transition probabilities (Lawler+, 2015)J/ApJS/221/24 : SDSS-III APOGEE H-band spectral line lists (Shetrone+, 2015)J/ApJ/802/93 : Chemical abund. analysis 5 stars in Sculptor (Simon+, 2015)J/A+A/574/A129 : The First CEMP star in the Sculptor dSph (Skuladottir+,2015)J/MNRAS/449/761 : EWs of metal-poor stars in UMi I dSph galaxy (Ural+, 2015)J/ApJ/826/110 : Boo-127 and Boo-980 high-resolution spectra (Frebel+, 2016)J/AJ/151/144 : ASPCAP weights for 15 APOGEE chemic elements (Garcia+, 2016)J/A+A/585/A86 : Fornax dSph H4 globular cluster stars (Hendricks+, 2016)J/ApJ/830/93 : Abundances of Ret II brightest red giant memb. (Ji+, 2016)J/AJ/151/82 : 4 brightest red giants in UFD galaxy Ret 2 (Roederer+, 2016)J/ApJ/817/53 : Fe-group elemental abund. analysis in HD84937 (Sneden+,2016)J/A+A/608/A145 : What is the Milky Way outer halo made of? (Battaglia+, 2017)J/ApJ/847/142 : Ultra-metal-poor stars LTE & NLTE abund. (Ezzeddine+, 2017)J/ApJS/228/10 : Transition proba. for 183 lines of Cr II (Lawler+, 2017)J/AJ/154/94 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Majewski+, 2017)J/ApJS/230/28 : The populations of Carina. II. Abundances (Norris+, 2017)J/ApJ/855/83 : Abund. very metal-poor stars in Sagittarius (Hansen+, 2018)J/A+A/631/A80 : Mn lines 3D NLTE formation late-type stars (Bergemann+,2019)J/A+A/626/A15 : Sculptor Red Giant Branch stars abundances (Hill+, 2019)J/A+A/627/A177 : Non-LTE analysis of K I in late-type stars (Reggiani+, 2019)J/ApJ/889/63 : Properties of Sgr Stars (Hayes+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/181https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/181http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/181https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/160/181https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/160/181http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/160/181GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/160/181/table1 (Observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/160/181/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/160/181/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/160/181/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true14.667-23.86380560.0055555555555555566/16669-16670 16692 34919 34943 35070 35198 35200 35202 35212 35215 35292 35313 35322-35323 35411 35414 35419 35689 35810 35816 35818 45407 45436 45524 45556 45564 45566 45908 46195 46201 46270 46283-46284 46304 46600 46605 46630 46638https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/160/181?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/160/181/table1ObservationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryGaiaGaia DR2 identificationmeta.id.crossRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[22/64] Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharObs[2018/2019] UT year of observationtime.epoch;obsMJD[58391/58776] Modified Julian Date of observationdtime.epochdoublegmag[15.4/17.8] g-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatrmag[14.7/17.2] r-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatTexp[20/134] Exposure timemintime.duration;obs.exposureintSlit[0.7/1] Slitarcsecinstr.setupfloatS/N4500[13/27] Signal-to-noise ratio at 4500{AA}stat.snrintS/N6500[21/54] Signal-to-noise ratio at 6500{AA}stat.snrintVhel[-160/64] Heliocentric velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_Vhel[0.2/0.7] Error on Vhelkm/sstat.errorfloatNord[10/35] Number of orders to calculate Vaatmeta.numberintVaat[-160/67] Final velocity (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatNlineNumer of line measurements (link to table5)meta.numberintnullableNabundNumer of abundance measurements (link to table6)meta.numberintnullableParamStellar parameters (link to table 2)meta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/160/181/table2Stellar parametersNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTeff[4263/5292] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff[39/75] Error on TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[0.56/2.56] Surface gravityphys.gravityfloate_logg[0.16/0.17] Error on loggstat.errorfloatVt[1.47/2.44] Turbulence velocitykm/sphys.veloc.microTurbfloate_Vt[0.07/0.59] Error on Vtkm/sstat.errorfloat[M/H][-2.93/-1.62] Metallicity (1)phys.abund.ZfloatJ/AJ/160/181/table5Line measurementsf_EW[s] Flag on EW (2)meta.codecharNameStar Namemeta.id;meta.maincharEP[0.0/5.08]? Excitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatnullableloggf[-10.19/0.58]? log oscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWave[3741/7789] Wavelength; Angstroms0.1nmem.wlfloatIon[8.0/607.0] Species identifier (1)phys.atmol.ionStagefloatEW[8.7/571.8]? Equivalent width; milli-Angstroms1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_EW[0/267.1]? Uncertainty in EW1e-13mstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableFWHM[0/0.49]? Full-Width at Half-Maximuminstr.bandwidthfloatnullablel_logepsFormal 5{sigma} upper limit flagmeta.code.errorcharlogeps[-2.22/8.91] log abundancephys.abundfloate_logeps[0.03/0.92]? Uncertainty in logepsstat.errorfloatnullableei[0.0/0.86]? Statistical abundance uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullablesX[0.0/0.83]? Systematic abundance uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullabledelTeff[-0.19/0.52]? Abundance difference from stellar effective temperature uncertaintyphys.abundfloatnullabledellogg[-0.87/0.44]? Abundance difference from stellar surface gravity uncertaintyphys.abundfloatnullabledelVt[-0.48/0.1]? Abundance difference from stellar microturbulence uncertaintyphys.abundfloatnullabledel[M/H][-0.22/0.22]? Abundance difference from stellar metallicity uncertaintyphys.abundfloatnullablewi[-73.0/604.14]? Effective weightem.wl.effectivefloatnullableJ/AJ/160/181/table6Stellar abundancesNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIonIon identifierphys.atmol.ionStagecharNum[1/130] Number of lines usedmeta.numberintl_logepsFormal 5{sigma} upper limit flagmeta.code.errorcharlogeps[-2.22/9.02] log abundancephys.abundfloat[X/H][-4.24/1.01] log abundance relative to Hphys.abund;arith.ratiofloate_[X/H][0.04/0.63]? Uncertainty in [X/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[X/Fe][-1.63/3.66] log abundance relative to Fe [X/Fe]phys.abundfloate_[X/Fe][0.0/0.63]? Uncertainty in [X/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullabledeltaT[-0.1/0.18]? Weighted response of species X to effective temperaturephys.abundfloatnullabledeltag[-0.28/0.16]? Weighted response of species X to log surface gravityphys.abundfloatnullabledeltaV[-0.38/0.06]? Weighted response of species X to microturbulence velocityphys.abundfloatnullabledeltaM[-0.14/0.18]? Weighted response of species X to metallicityphys.abundfloatnullablesX[0.0/0.83]? Systematic uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableJ/AJ/160/181/table3Atomic dataIonIon identifier (35 species)phys.atmol.ionStagecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWave[3729.81/7788.93] Wavelength; Angstroms0.1nmem.wlfloatEP[0/5.96]? Excitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatnullableloggf[-10.3/0.58]? log oscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatnullableRef[1/33] Reference code (1)meta.noteint