J/AJ/159/41ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/159/41doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51590041CDSTasker E.J.Laneuville M.Guttenberg N.2021-06-03T09:19:16Z2020-04-02T07:04:10ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsstellar-massesWhile thousands of exoplanets have been confirmed, the known properties about individual discoveries remain sparse and depend on detection technique. To utilize more than a small section of the exoplanet data set, tools need to be developed to estimate missing values based on the known measurements. Here, we demonstrate the use of a neural network that models the density of planets in a space of six properties that is then used to impute a probability distribution for missing values. Our results focus on planetary mass, which neither the radial velocity nor transit techniques for planet identification can provide alone. The neural network can impute mass across the four orders of magnitude in the exoplanet archive, and return a distribution of masses for each planet that can inform us about trends in the underlying data set. The average error on this mass estimate from a radial velocity detection is a factor of 1.5 of the observed value, and 2.7 for a transit observation. The mass of Proxima Centauri b found by this method is 1.6_-0.36_^+0.46^M{Earth}, where the upper and lower bounds are derived from the root mean square deviation from the log mass probability distribution. The network can similarly impute the other potentially missing properties, and we use this to predict planet radius for radial velocity measurements, with an average error of a factor 1.4 of the observed value. The ability of neural networks to search for patterns in multidimensional data means that such techniques have the potential to greatly expand the use of the exoplanet catalog.2020AJ....159...41Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/159/41CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/corot : CoRoT observation log (N2-4.4) (CoRoT, 2016)V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)J/ApJ/715/1050 : Predicted abundances for extrasolar planets. I. (Bond+, 2010)J/ApJ/733/68 : Exoplanet masses derived from RVs (Brown+, 2011)J/ApJ/761/123 : KELT-1 photometry and spectroscopy follow-up (Siverd+, 2012)J/ApJ/767/95 : Stellar parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/ApJ/794/159 : Statistical analysis of exoplanet surveys (Brandt+, 2014)J/A+A/563/A143 : WASP-68b, WASP-73b, WASP-88b transits (Delrez+, 2014)J/ApJ/787/80 : 139 Kepler planets transit time variations (Hadden+, 2014)J/ApJS/210/25 : Transit timing variation for planetary pairs. II. (Xie, 2014)J/A+A/594/A63 : International Deep Planet Survey results (Galicher+, 2016)J/AJ/152/204 : HARPS-N radial velocities of HD 179070 (Lopez-Morales+, 2016)J/ApJ/825/19 : Mass-rad. relationship for planets with Rp<4 (Wolfgang+, 2016)J/A+A/602/A107 : 231 transiting planets eccentricity and mass (Bonomo+, 2017)J/ApJ/834/17 : Mass & radius of planets, moons, low mass stars (Chen+, 2017)J/AJ/153/93 : MOST photometry of Proxima (Kipping+, 2017)J/A+A/606/A107 : K2/HARPS measurements for 8 stars (Oshagh+, 2017)J/AJ/153/136 : Planets & their host stars with Gaia plx (Stassun+, 2017)J/AJ/156/264 : California-Kepler Survey. VII. Planet rad. gap (Fulton+, 2018)J/AJ/157/235 : Observations of the Kepler field with TESS (Christ+, 2019)J/A+A/630/A135 : Beyond the exoplanet mass-radius relation (Ulmer-Moll+, 2019)http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/ : NASA exoplanets archivehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/159/41https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/159/41http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/159/41https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/159/41https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/159/41http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/159/41GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/159/41/fig1 (Distributions of radii, planetary masses, numbers of planets in the system, stellar masses, orbital periods and equilibrium temperatures in the training and test data (see Section 2))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/159/41/fig1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/159/41/fig1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/159/41/fig1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true325.122171116.42170940.0055555555555555565/3734 6/376 413 437 790 876 913 1032 1066 1275 1292 2250 2297 2308 2335 2532 2551 2584 2596 2711 2715 2740 2953 3344 3876 4145 4241 4269 4271 4272 4280 4521 4624 4632 4651 4659 4687 4730 4990 5009 5170 5475 5730 6017 6058 6181 6349 6381 6539 6638 7036 7208 7240 7502 8197 8237 8825 9355 9459 9482 9524 9653 9811 10118 10407 10654 10701 10730 10953 11279 11455 12342 12398 12424 12486 12600 12644 12853 12862 12983 13044 13143 13250 13439 13569 13680 13702 13941 14278 14555 14567 14582 14583 14585 14587 14591 14667 14733 14734 14735 14744 14746 14751 14753 14756 14757 14762 14763 14767 14768 14772 14774 14777 14779 14780 14794 14816 14824 14825 14826 14828 14886 14914 14918 14920 14923 14924 14925 14929 14930 14932 14933 14935 14942 14952 14959 14961 14963 14966 14968 14969 14971 14973 14993 15029 15040 15060 15105 15107 15110 15112 15121 15122 15126 15127 15129 15131 15134 15137 15139 15140 15141 15143 15145 15146 15149 15153 15158 15159 15160 15162 15169 15172 15174 15218 15550 15950 16405 16432 16534 16768 16847 16947 17040 17172 17226 17344 17753 17819 17851 17865 18093 18147 18208 18223 18350 18459 18510 18539 18569 18574 18696 18726 18766 18785 18786 18800 18880 18943 19371 20116 20186 20382 20453 20476 20501 20565 20648 20659 20741 20780 20790 20872 21026 21079 21176 21254 21876 21989 22001 22034 22040 22065 22078 22120 22168 22169 22208 22396 22505 22519 22816 22963 23636 24039 24057 24205 24409 24428 24622 24752 24815 24858 24981 25132 25153 25194 25427 25454 25604 25673 25721 25725 25794 25885 25950 26019 26062 26727 26771 26844 26918 26990 26991 27411 27488 27548 27780 27787 28400 28433 28822 29002 29012 29017 29022 29349 29683 30009 30013 30157 30240 30241 30293 30295 30344 30436 30444 30447 30450 30451 30456 30466 30485 31216 31541 31641 31858 32217 32564 32640 32659 32727 32748 32749 33157 33200 33220 33719 33723 33798 34260 34370 34471 34526 34708 34812 34848 34860 34898 34940 34957 35210 35456 35993 36142 36165 36196 36497 36667 36794 37246 37247 37329 37923 38233 38452 38682 39007 39487 39512 39542 39611 39673 39812 39829 39851 40014 40194 40320 40862 41578 42001 42648 42865 42936 42989 43336 43432 43541 43586 43625 43775 43847 43865 43960 44317 44463 44648 44672 44685 45051 45380 45766 45855 45922 46058 46316 46421 46429 46437 47000 47167 47186 47307 47330 47476 47681 48005 48082 48111 48114 48117 48165 48178 48338 48353 48358 48674 48727 48729 48747 48803 48945 49103https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/159/41?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/159/41/fig1Distributions of radii, planetary masses, numbers of planets in the system, stellar masses, orbital periods and equilibrium temperatures in the training and test data (see Section 2)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharN[1/8] Number of known planets in the systemmeta.numberintIDPlanet identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRad[0.03/3.6] Planet radius(7.1492x10+7m)phys.size.radiusfloatMass[0/28] Planet mass(1.898187x10+27kg)phys.massfloatPer[0.24/60191] Planet orbital perioddtime.perioddoubleTeq[50/7719] Equilibrium temperature (1)Kphys.temperaturefloatM*[0.08/24] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloat_RAPositions from Simbad; except for the 8 solar system planets (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPositions from Simbad; except for the 8 solar system planets (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullable