J/AJ/158/75ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/75doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51580075CDSHardegree-Ullman K.K.Cushing M.C.Muirhead P.S.Christiansen J.L.2021-08-11T10:40:37Z2019-10-10T06:38:09ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frdwarf-starsm-starsstellar-distanceapparent-magnitudestellar-spectral-typeseffective-temperaturemetallicitystellar-radiistellar-massesexoplanetsPrevious studies of planet occurrence rates largely relied on photometric stellar characterizations. In this paper, we present planet occurrence rates for mid-type M dwarfs using spectroscopy, parallaxes, and photometry to determine stellar characteristics. Our spectroscopic observations have allowed us to constrain spectral type, temperatures, and, in some cases, metallicities for 337 out of 561 probable mid-type M dwarfs in the primary Kepler field. We use a random forest classifier to assign a spectral type to the remaining 224 stars. Combining our data with Gaia parallaxes, we compute precise (~3%) stellar radii and masses, which we use to update planet parameters and occurrence rates for Kepler mid-type M dwarfs. Within the Kepler field, there are seven M3 V to M5 V stars that host 13 confirmed planets between 0.5 and 2.5 Earth radii and at orbital periods between 0.5 and 10 days. For this population, we compute a planet occurrence rate of 1.19_-0.49_^+0.70^ planets per star. For M3 V, M4 V, and M5 V, we compute planet occurrence rates of 0.86_-0.68_^+1.32^, 1.36_-1.02_^+2.30^, and 3.07_-2.49_^+5.49^ planets per star, respectively.2019AJ....158...75Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/158/75CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved stellar parameters of smallest KIC starsJ/ApJS/211/2 : Revised stellar properties of Q1-16 Kepler targetsJ/ApJ/814/130 : Planet occurrence rates calculated for KOIs (Mulders+, 2015)J/ApJ/822/86 : False positive probabilities for Q1-Q17 DR24 KOIsJ/MNRAS/457/2877 : Kepler M dwarf stars revised properties (Gaidos+, 2016)J/ApJS/229/30 : Revised stellar properties of Q1-17 Kepler targetsJ/AJ/155/205 : Occurrence rates for Q1-Q16 KOI catalog planet cand.J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler planetary cand. VIII. DR25 reliabilityhttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/75https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/75http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/75https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/75https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/75http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/75GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/158/75/table1 (Stellar parameters for spectroscopically classified targets)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true286.0836837.477070.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/158/75/table2 (Stellar parameters for photometrically classified targets)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true291.7157337.00421890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/158/75/table3 (Kepler mid-type M dwarf planets)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/75/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true292.219036744.61916390.0055555555555555564/946 5/3645 3646 3683 3690 3693 3694 3704 3731 3732 3736 3739 3740 3742 3743 3777 3778 3780 3782 3783 3788 3789 3792 6/14575 14578 14579 14588 14591 14730 14731 14746 14749 14750 14751 14752 14753 14755 14756 14757 14759 14764 14766 14767 14768 14781 14782 14783 14792 14794 14822 14824 14825 14826 14830 14914 14915 14916 14918 14919 14920 14921 14923 14933 14934 14935 14936 14938 14939 14940 14941 14942 14948 14949 14950 14953 14954 14955 14964 14966 14967 15040 15041 15044 15045 15057 15059 15060 15061 15062 15104 15106 15107 15116 15118 15119 15124 15126 15160 15172 15174 15200 15232https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/158/75?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/158/75/table1Stellar parameters for spectroscopically classified targetsSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKIC[1433760/12884812] Kepler Input Catalog identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintf_KICFlag on KIC (only in Table 1) (1)meta.codecharDist[4.661/848.292]? Distancepcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_Dist[0.002/157.725]? Uncertainty in Distpcstat.errorfloatnullableKsMag[4.064/9.649]? Absolute K_s_ band magnitudemagphys.magAbsfloatnullablee_KsMag[0.011/0.847]? Uncertainty in KsMagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTelTelescope code (only in Table 1) (2)meta.code;instr.telcharf_SpType[e] Flag on SpType (only in Table 1) (3)meta.codecharTeff[2568/3662]? Effective temperature (4)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullable[Fe/H][-0.603/0.606]? Metallicity (only in Table 1)log(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloatnullablee_[Fe/H][0.059/0.333]? Uncertainty in [Fe/H] (only in Table 1)log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.FefloatnullableR*[0.119/0.681] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_R*[0.003/0.137] Uncertainty in R*solRadstat.errorfloatM*[0.091/0.654] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*[0.002/0.126] Uncertainty in M*solMassstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions of KIC stars from KIC catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions of KIC stars from KIC catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/158/75/table2Stellar parameters for photometrically classified targetsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKIC[1433760/12884812] Kepler Input Catalog identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintDist[4.661/848.292]? Distancepcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_Dist[0.002/157.725]? Uncertainty in Distpcstat.errorfloatnullableKsMag[4.064/9.649]? Absolute K_s_ band magnitudemagphys.magAbsfloatnullablee_KsMag[0.011/0.847]? Uncertainty in KsMagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharTeff[2568/3662]? Effective temperature (4)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullableR*[0.119/0.681] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_R*[0.003/0.137] Uncertainty in R*solRadstat.errorfloatM*[0.091/0.654] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*[0.002/0.126] Uncertainty in M*solMassstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions of KIC stars from KIC catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions of KIC stars from KIC catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/158/75/table3Kepler mid-type M dwarf planetsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRefReference(s) (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKeplerKepler planet namemeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeHost spectral type from this worksrc.spTypecharR*[0.174/0.374]? Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_R*[0.005/0.011]? Uncertainty in R*solRadstat.errorfloatnullableRp[0.662/2.39] Planet radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloate_Rp[0.023/0.129] Uncertainty in Rp(6.3781x10+6m)stat.errorfloata/R*[7.49/45.02] Semi-major axis to stellar radius ratiophys.angSize.smajAxis;src.orbitalfloate_a/R*[0.21/1.36] Lower limit uncertainty in a/R*stat.error;stat.minfloatE_a/R*[0.23/1.42] Upper limit uncertainty in a/R*stat.error;stat.maxfloatPer[0.453287/8.68909] Perioddtime.perioddoublee_Per[5e-08/8.8e-05] Uncertainty in Perdstat.errordoubleTdur[0.44/1.75] Transit durationhtime.durationfloate_Tdur[0.03/0.27] Uncertainty in Tdurhstat.errorfloatPtr[0.0231/0.1385] Transit probabilitystat.fit.goodnessfloate_Ptr[0.0007/0.0041] Uncertainty in Ptrstat.errorfloatSp[1.82/99.78] Insolation flux (in Earth flux)Earthphot.flux;arith.ratiofloate_Sp[0.23/11.26] Lower limit uncertainty in SpEarthstat.error;stat.minfloatE_Sp[0.25/12.16] Upper limit uncertainty in SpEarthstat.error;stat.maxfloat