J/AJ/158/54ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/54doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51580054CDSEsplin T.L.Luhman K.L.2021-12-06T11:31:43Z2019-09-24T08:33:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstar-forming-regionsstellar-populationsstellar-spectral-typesproper-motionsinfrared-photometryline-intensitiesvisible-astronomyspectroscopyinfrared-astronomyWe present a large sample of new members of the Taurus star-forming region that extend from stellar to planetary masses. To identify candidate members at substellar masses, we have used color-magnitude diagrams and proper motions measured with several wide-field optical and infrared (IR) surveys. At stellar masses, we have considered the candidate members that were found in a recent analysis of high-precision astrometry from the Gaia mission. Using new and archival spectra, we have measured spectral types and assessed membership for these 161 candidates, 79 of which are classified as new members. Our updated census of Taurus now contains 519 known members. According to Gaia data, this census should be nearly complete for spectral types earlier than M6-M7 at A_J_<1. For a large field encompassing ~72% of the known members, the census should be complete for K<15.7 at A_J_<1.5, which corresponds to ~5-13 M_Jup_ for ages of 1-10 Myr based on theoretical evolutionary models. Our survey has doubled the number of known members at >=M9 and has uncovered the faintest known member in M_K_, which should have a mass of ~3-10 M_Jup_ for ages of 1-10 Myr. We have used mid-IR photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer to determine whether the new members exhibit excess emission that would indicate the presence of circumstellar disks. The updated disk fraction for Taurus is ~0.7 at =<M3.5 and ~0.4 at >M3.5.2019AJ....158...54Ehttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/158/54CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/ApJ/578/914 : Low-mass stars in Taurus (Hartmann, 2002)J/ApJ/645/676 : Spatial distribution of brown dwarfs in Taurus (Luhman+, 2006)J/ApJ/647/1180 : Infrared photometry of Taurus SFR (Luhman+, 2006)J/ApJS/186/111 : Spitzer observations of Taurus members (Luhman+, 2010)J/ApJS/186/259 : Taurus Spitzer survey: new candidate members (Rebull+, 2010)J/ApJ/784/126 : Infrared photometry of all known members in TaurusJ/AJ/153/46 : Spectroscopy of candidate members in Taurus (Luhman+, 2017)J/AJ/154/46 : Proper motions and photometry for members of Cha IJ/AJ/154/134 : Planetary-mass brown dwarfs in the Taurus SFR (Esplin+, 2017)J/AJ/156/271 : The stellar membership of the Taurus SFR (Luhman, 2018)J/ApJ/858/41 : PS1 proper-motion survey for brown dwarfs. I. TaurusJ/ApJ/859/33 : GOBELINS. IV. VLBA obs. of Taurus (Galli+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/54https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/54http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/54https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/54https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/54http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/54GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/158/54/table1 (Members of Taurus)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/54/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/54/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/54/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true60.383726.125893890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/158/54/table4 (Spectroscopic data for candidate members of Taurus)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/54/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/54/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/54/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true60.1162038920.533096940.0055555555555555565/262-263 268-270 278 281 289 292 6/325 335 337 342-343 351 359 365 372 375-376 383 1027 1029-1033 1036-1037 1039-1040 1042-1043 1045-1047 1058 1061-1063 1066 1068-1069 1084 1086 1089 1091 1094-1095 1098 1102 1104 1106-1108 1111 1119-1120 1123 1128 1130 1133 1136 1152 1154 1160-1161 1165 1167 1173-1174 1176 23517-23519 23527 23533 23536 23542-23544 23548-23549 23551 24194-24195 24198 24201-24203 24210 24223-24225 24227 24232-24233 24236 24245 24248 24250 24270 24289 24291 24294-24295 24297 243006.772611666688002e-21 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/158/54?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/158/54/listList of spectra from Table 4recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource name (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharFileName15Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fig15 (1)meta.id;meta.fitscharsp15spectrummeta.ref.urlcharFileName16a1Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fig16a (2)meta.id;meta.fitscharsp16a1spectrummeta.ref.urlcharFileName16a2Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fig16a (2)meta.id;meta.fitscharsp16a2spectrummeta.ref.urlcharFileName16b1Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fig16b (2)meta.id;meta.fitscharsp16b1spectrummeta.ref.urlcharFileName16b2Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fig16b (2)meta.id;meta.fitscharsp16b2spectrummeta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/158/54/table1Members of TaurusSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableExcW3Excess present in W3?meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS Point Source Catalog name (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharUGCSUKIDSS Galactic Clusters Survey name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharGaia? Gaia DR2 namemeta.idnullableONameOther source namemeta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrPosReference for RAdeg and DEdeg (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharSpTypeAdopted spectral type (3)src.spTypecharpmRA[-1.889/28.987]? Proper motion in RA from Gaia DR2 (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablee_pmRA[0.067/4.285]? Error in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE[-30.258/-8.093]? Proper motion in DE from Gaia DR2mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablee_pmDE[0.04/3.452]? Error in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablePlx[2.257/14.425]? Parallax from Gaia DR2maspos.parallaxfloatnullablee_Plx[0.035/2.407]? Error in Plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablef_Plx[*] Flag on Plx (4)meta.codecharGmag[6.518/21.439]? G magnitude from Gaia DR2magphot.mag;em.optfloatnullablee_Gmag[0.001/0.065]? Error in Gmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableGBPmag[6.532/22.284]? G_BP_ magnitude from Gaia DR2magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_GBPmag[0.001/0.731]? Error in GBPmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableGRPmag[6.529/19.212]? G_RP_ magnitude from Gaia DR2magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_GRPmag[0.001/0.197]? Error in GRPmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableRUWE[0.81/120.5]? Re-normalized unit weight error (5)stat.errorfloatnullablePopPopulation from Luhman (2018, J/AJ/156/271)meta.codecharpmRAIR[-50/39.6]? Proper motion in RA from 2MASS/WFCAM/IRACmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablee_pmRAIR[0/83]? Error in pmRAIRmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDEIR[-88.1/63.6]? Proper motion DE from 2MASS/WFCAM/IRACmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablee_pmDEIR[0/74.6]? Error in pmDEIRmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableJmag[5.94/19.55]? J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0/0.08]? Error in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullabler_Jmag[1/5]? Reference for Jmag (6)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableHmag[5.06/17.86]? H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0/0.19]? Error in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullabler_Hmag[1/5]? Reference for Hmag (6)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableKmag[4.23/16.79]? K or K_s_ band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0/9.99]? Error in Kmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullabler_Kmag[1/4]? Reference for Kmag (6)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullable3.6mag[5.86/15.64]? Spitzer [3.6] band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_3.6mag[0.02/0.17]? Error in 3.6magmagstat.errorfloatnullablef_3.6magFlag on 3.6mag (7)meta.codechar4.5mag[5.03/15.36]? Spitzer [4.5] band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_4.5mag[0.02/0.12]? Error in 4.5magmagstat.errorfloatnullablef_4.5magFlag on 4.5mag (7)meta.codechar5.8mag[2.59/14.53]? Spitzer [5.8] band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_5.8mag[0.03/0.13]? Error in 5.8magmagstat.errorfloatnullablef_5.8magFlag on 5.8mag (7)meta.codechar8.0mag[2.76/14.49]? Spitzer [8.0] band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_8.0mag[0.03/0.18]? Error in 8.0magmagstat.errorfloatnullablef_8.0magFlag on 8.0mag (7)meta.codechar24mag[0.55/9.82]? Spitzer [24] band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_24mag[0.04/0.31]? Error in 24magmagstat.errorfloatnullablef_24magFlag on 24mag (7)meta.codecharRef-S[1/4]? Reference for Spitzer photometry (8)meta.bibintnullableW1mag[3.25/15.96]? WISE W1 band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_W1mag[0.02/0.14]? Error in W1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablef_W1magFlag on W1mag (7)meta.codecharW2mag[6.03/15.73]? WISE W2 band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_W2mag[0.02/0.38]? Error in W2magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablef_W2magFlag on W2mag (7)meta.codecharW3mag[-0.21/12.01]? WISE W3 band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_W3mag[0.01/0.35]? Error in W3magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablef_W3magFlag on W3mag (7)meta.codecharW4mag[-2.51/8.69]? WISE W4 band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_W4mag[0.01/0.47]? Error in W4magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablef_W4magFlag on W4mag (7)meta.codecharExc4.5Excess present in [4.5]?meta.codecharExc8.0Excess present in [8.0]?meta.codecharExc24Excess present in [24]?meta.codecharExcW2Excess present in W2?meta.codecharExcW4Excess present in W4?meta.codecharDiskDisk type (9)src.classcharAj[0/11.4]? Extinction in Jmagphys.absorptionfloatnullablef_AjMethod for estimating Aj (10)meta.codecharJ/AJ/158/54/table4Spectroscopic data for candidate members of TaurusSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableInstInstrument(s)meta.id;instrcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource name (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharspOptical and/or NIR spectra for this candidate membermeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTypeSpectral type(s)src.spTypecharl_EWLi[<] Limit flag on EWLimeta.code.errorcharEWLi[0.1/0.95]? Equivalent width of Li ({AA})0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablee_EWLi[0.05/0.2]? Error in EWLi ({AA})0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullableDate1First date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableDate2Second date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableDate3Third date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableMembMember of Taurus? (Y=yes, N=No)meta.code.memberchar