J/AJ/158/187ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/187doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51580187CDSBaron F.Lafreniere D.Artigau E.Gagne J.Rameau J.Delorme P.,Naud M.-E.2020-01-14T10:50:16Z2020-01-14T11:42:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstellar-associationsstellar-spectral-typesproper-motionsstellar-distancestellar-massesexoplanetsWe present the first statistical analysis of exoplanet direct imaging surveys combining adaptive optics (AO) imaging at small separations with deep seeing-limited observations at large separations allowing us to study the entire orbital separation domain from 5 to 5000 au simultaneously. Our sample of 344 stars includes only confirmed members of nearby young associations and is based on all AO direct-imaging detection limits readily available online, with addition of our own previous seeing-limited surveys. Assuming that the companion distribution in mass and a semimajor axis follows a power-law distribution and adding a dependence on the mass of the host star, such as d^2^{prop.to}fM^{alpha}^a^{beta}^(M_*_/M_{sun}_)^{gamma}^dMda, we constrain the parameters to obtain {alpha}=-0.18_-0.65_^+0.77^, {beta}=-1.43_-0.24_^+0.23^, and {gamma}=0.62_-0.50_^+0.56^ at a 68% confidence level, and we obtain f=0.11_-0.05_^+0.11^ for the overall planet occurrence rate for companions with masses between 1 and 20 M_Jup_ in the range of 5-5000 au. Thus, we find that occurrence of companions is negatively correlated with a semimajor axis and companion mass (marginally) but is positively correlated with the stellar host mass. Our inferred mass distribution is in good agreement with other distributions found previously from direct imaging surveys for planets and brown dwarfs, but is shallower as a function of mass than the distributions inferred by radial velocity surveys of gas giants in the 1-3 au range. This may suggest that planets at these wide and very wide separations represent the low-mass tail of the brown dwarfs and stellar companion distribution rather than an extension of the distribution of the inner planets.2019AJ....158..187Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/158/187CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/ApJ/670/1367 : Gemini Deep Planet Survey (Lafreniere+, 2007)J/A+A/509/A52 : Search for companions with VLT/NACO (Chauvin+, 2010)J/A+A/544/A9 : The International Deep Planet Survey. I. (Vigan+, 2012)J/ApJ/785/47 : Sources around target stars in Upper ScorpiusJ/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)J/AJ/154/129 : PSYM-WIDE: planetary-mass companions to YMG membersJ/AJ/156/137 : Wide-orbit Exoplanet search with IR Direct imagingJ/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/187https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/187http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/158/187https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/187https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/187http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/158/187GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/158/187/table3 (Properties of the bona fide members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/187/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/187/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/187/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.46891667-41.753055560.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/158/187/table2 (Confirmed members from PSYM-WIDE)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/187/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/187/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/158/187/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true8.232677-44.0849650.0055555555555555565/11090 6/46 129 483 601 719 722 765 784 826 940 1412 1762 1787 2317 2374 2516 2660 2966 3163 9507 10203 10381 10771 12592 12770 13355 13512 13670 13674 13688 14640 15686 16426 16455 16543 16606 16853 16930 17274 17552 17606 17607 17887 18797 19163 19777 19782 20125 20327 20491 20505 20507 20591 20602 20657 20658 21050 21083 21090 21377 21386 22146 22647 22683 22739 22773 22857 22950 22964 23094 23140 23155 23176 23388 23870 23895 24580 24608 24629 24633 24716 24740 24763 24843 25096 25113 26133 27392 27884 28784 29320 30328 30826 31104 32836 32844 32847 32868 32891 33065 33116 33129 33193 33312 33334 33361 33374 33449 33493 33500 33520 33545 33694 33702 33704 33706 33707 33850 33937 33996 34054 34058 34074 34146 34164 34203 34244 34245 34338 34406 34417 34423 34436 34450 34464 34509 34680 34683 34733 34757 34781 34823 34825 34829 34830 34866 34886 34930 34998 35018 35077 35131 35149 35387 35497 35640 35861 35887 36036 36130 36487 36713 36907 36909 36948 36969 37006 37414 37418 37419 37607 37616 38054 38061 38084 38151 38341 38359 38363 38382 38489 38742 38936 38950 39023 39044 39579 39584 39692 39735 39829 41158 41295 41361 41528 41647 41670 41681 41798 42021 42096 42799 42910 42913 42923 42924 42932 42939 42948 42955 42987 42990 43014 43677 43704 44293 44303 44306 44307 44308 44310 44311 44312 44313 44316 44317 44321 44324 44333 44352 44353 44356 44365 44366 44367 44368 44378 44379 44385 44388 44389 44397 44400 44401 44409 44436 44439 44502 45238 45247 45378 45382 45389 45538 45544 45746 45927 45944 45964 46082 46084 46207 46383 46456 46615 46692 46922 47125 47205 47249 47287 47626 47703 47777 47863 47943 48263 48274 48318 48361 48553 48648 48651 48905https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/158/187?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/158/187/table3Properties of the bona fide membersSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharMass[0/16] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloatAssocAssociation (G1)meta.id.parentcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypepmRA[-603/415] Proper motion in Right Ascension, pmRA*cosDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.03/20] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-732.07/340.92] Proper motion in Declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.03/20] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatDist[7.032/195.19] Distancepcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloate_Dist[0.002/42.29] Uncertainty in Distpcstat.errorfloatSurveysPrevious survey(s) (1)meta.codecharJ/AJ/158/187/table2Confirmed members from PSYM-WIDErecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainl_Prob[>] Limit flag on Probmeta.code.errorcharProb[80/99.9] Membership probability%statfloatAssocAssociation (G1)meta.id.parentcharmoreDisplay properties of members in Table 3meta.ref.urlchar