J/AJ/157/177ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/157/177doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51570177CDSAbt H.A.2019-11-22T13:52:43Z2019-08-06T12:35:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgiant-starsg-starsstellar-spectral-typesspectroscopic-binary-starseffective-temperatureradial-velocitySnowden & Young (2005ApJS..157..126S) suggested that the reason why there are GK subgiants is because they are members of binaries, which would bring them above the main sequence in an Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram. They studied a sample of 30 G0-K1 IV stars and were disappointed to find only two to be spectroscopic binaries. With more accurate radial velocities I found seven binaries in their samples of subgiants and control stars; orbital elements are given for those seven. Using Hipparcos parallaxes and SIMBAD data, I found that nearly all of the G0-K1 IV stars fall on the evolutionary tracks by Girardi et al. (2000, J/A+AS/141/371) for Population I stars with masses of 0.9-1.9 M_{sun}_ and ages of up to 10^10^ yr, which are normal parameters for nearby field stars. Therefore there is no problem regarding the existence of GK subgiants.2019AJ....157..177Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/157/177CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/50 : Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991)J/A+AS/141/371 : Low-mass stars evolutionary tracks & isochronesJ/AJ/135/209 : Rotational and radial velocities 761 HIP giantsJ/AJ/145/41 : Radial velocities of 33 spectroscopic binaries (Katoh+, 2013)http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~latham/snowden/snowden.orb : onlive version ofhttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/157/177https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/157/177http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/157/177https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/157/177https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/157/177http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/157/177GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/157/177/table1 (The Snowden-Young candidate GK subgiants)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.729493977.01940440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/157/177/table2 (The standard velocity stars, class V, class III, and three binaries)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true9.638941929.31175360.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/157/177/table3 (The Latham measures for the subgiants and control stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/157/177/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.72583377.0194440.0055555555555555566/975 2273 3837 4146 4808 5535 5670 6166 6203 6308 6519 7136 7177 7610 8470 8644 9083 9327 9873 10380 12464 12526 12720 14419 14630 15329 15597 16008 16213 18888 20308 20886 22015 22553 23182 23342 24151 24212 24570 24921 25571 26538 27040 29291 30529 30665 31073 31576 31619 32045 32158 32296 32725 36693 40336 44883https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/157/177?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/157/177/table1The Snowden-Young candidate GK subgiantsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHDHD numbermeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeMK spectral type from Simbadsrc.spTypecharMMag[-1.32/5.06] Absolute magnitude M derived from Hipparcos parallaxemagphys.magAbsfloatlogTeff[3.66/3.77]? Log effective temperature (only in Table 1)log(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullablelogL[0.04/1.46]? Log luminosity (logL/L_{sun}_) (only in Table 1)log(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatnullableRVmean[-100.34/58.99]? Mean radial velocity measured by Lathamkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;stat.meanfloatnullablee_RVmean[0.02/11.01]? Uncertainty in RVmeankm/sstat.errorfloatnullableNrv[4/369]? Number of radial velocity measuresmeta.numberintnullableBinInformation about binary (SBO=spectroscopic binary with orbital elements; VB=visual binary)meta.codecharPer[9.3449/16925.685]? Orbital perioddtime.perioddoublenullableVPVelocity plotmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/157/177/table2The standard velocity stars, class V, class III, and three binariesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHDHD numbermeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeMK spectral type from Simbadsrc.spTypecharMMag[-1.32/5.06] Absolute magnitude M derived from Hipparcos parallaxemagphys.magAbsfloatRVmean[-100.34/58.99]? Mean radial velocity measured by Lathamkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;stat.meanfloatnullablee_RVmean[0.02/11.01]? Uncertainty in RVmeankm/sstat.errorfloatnullableNrv[4/369]? Number of radial velocity measuresmeta.numberintnullableBinInformation about binary (SBO=spectroscopic binary with orbital elements; VB=visual binary)meta.codecharPer[9.3449/16925.685]? Orbital perioddtime.perioddoublenullableVPVelocity plotmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/157/177/table3The Latham measures for the subgiants and control starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHDHD numbermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainObsObservation file identifiermeta.id;meta.filecharMJD[40517.6836/56709.871] Modified Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleRV[-102.69/60.37] Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatAp[33/153.7] Telescope aperture (1)cminstr.tel;instr.fovfloatPhase[0.09/1.03] Orbital phasetime.phasefloatJ/AJ/157/177/table4Spectroscopic orbital elementse[0.016/0.82] Eccentricitysrc.orbital.eccentricityfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHDHD numbermeta.id;meta.maincharPer[9.3449/5266.9] Orbital perioddtime.perioddoublee_Per[0.0002/58.5] Uncertainty in Perdstat.errorfloatgamma[-58.3/22.76] Center-of-mass velocity {gamma}km/sphys.veloc;pos.barycenterfloate_gamma[0.03/0.2] Uncertainty in gammakm/sstat.errorfloatK[0.49/14.95] Radial velocity semi-amplitudekm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloate_K[0.1/1.63] Uncertainty in Kkm/sstat.errorfloate_e[0.01/0.18] Uncertainty in estat.errorfloatomega[23.3/314.1] Argument of periastron {omega}degsrc.orbital.periastronfloate_omega[3.6/45.2] Uncertainty in omegadegstat.errorfloatT[47414/52167] Periastron time (JD-2400000)dsrc.orbital.periastronfloate_T[0.2/117] Uncertainty in Tdstat.errorfloatasini[0.221/190] Projected semi-major axisGmphys.angSize.smajAxisfloate_asini[0.06/75.2] Uncertainty in asiniGmstat.errorfloatf(m)[0.00112/320] Mass functionsolMassphys.massdoublee_f(m)[0.0041/6.8] Uncertainty in f(m)solMassstat.errorfloat