Radial velocity characterization of TESS planets J/AJ/156/82 ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/82 doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51560082 CDS Cloutier R. Doyon R. Bouchy F. Hebrard G. 2019-03-21T12:14:56Z 2019-02-28T12:03:26Z CDS support team CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France cds-question@unistra.fr exoplanets radial-velocity stellar-masses effective-temperature stellar-distance infrared-photometry visible-astronomy broad-band-photometry astronomical-models The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will conduct a two-year wide-field survey searching for transiting planets around bright stars. Many TESS discoveries will be amenable to mass characterization via ground-based radial velocity measurements with any of a growing suite of existing and anticipated velocimeters in the optical and near-infrared. In this study we present an analytical formalism to compute the number of radial velocity (RV) measurements - and hence the total observing time-required to characterize RV planet masses with the inclusion of either a white or correlated noise activity model. We use our model to calculate the total observing time required to measure all TESS planet masses from the expected TESS planet yield while relying on our current understanding of the targeted stars, stellar activity, and populations of unseen planets that inform the expected RV precision. We also present specialized calculations applicable to a variety of interesting subsets of TESS planets including the characterization of 50 planets smaller than 4 Earth radii, which is expected to take as little as 60 nights of observation. However, the efficient RV characterization of such planets requires a priori knowledge of the "best" targets, which we argue can be identified prior to the conclusion of the TESS planet search based on our calculations. Our results highlight the comparable performance of optical and near-IR spectrographs for most planet populations except for Earths and temperate TESS planets, which are more efficiently characterized in the near-IR. Lastly, we present an online tool to the community to compute the total observing times required to detect any transiting planet using a user-defined spectrograph (RVFC; http://maestria.astro.umontreal.ca/rvfc). 2018AJ....156...82C https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/156/82 Catalog Research IsServedBy TAP VizieR generic service IsServedBy Conesearch service related-to J/ApJ/785/126 : HIRES radial velocity measurements (Knutson+, 2014) J/ApJ/800/135 : HARPS-N radial velocities of KOI-69 (Dressing+, 2015) J/ApJ/809/77 : Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (Sullivan+, 2015) J/AJ/152/204 : HARPS-N radial velocities of HD 179070 (Lopez-Morales+, 2016) J/A+A/608/A35 : K2-18 HARPS time-series (Cloutier+, 2017) J/ApJS/239/2 : Simulated exoplanets from TESS list of targets (Barclay+, 2018) http://tess.mit.edu/ : TESS home page https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/82 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/82 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/82 https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/82 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/82 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/82 GET text/xml+votable https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap Cone search capability for table J/AJ/156/82/table5 (Stellar parameters from the Sullivan et al. (2015, J/ApJ/809/77; S15) synthetic catalog) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table5? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table5? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table5? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 0.44 45.22 0.005555555555555556 Cone search capability for table J/AJ/156/82/table2 (Summary of RV observations for known transiting planets with white RV noise) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table2? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table2? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table2? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 153.7157431 -47.1567194 0.005555555555555556 Cone search capability for table J/AJ/156/82/table3 (Summary of RV observations for known transiting planets with red RV noise) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table3? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table3? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/82/table3? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 100.9561211 -1.0630072 0.005555555555555556 5/2526 2545 2897 8265 9354 9362 9731 9738 9739 6/31 90 92 107 114 136 703 737 821 824 839 876 885 912 931 1134 1203 1204 1209 1400 1441 1481 1512 1534 1599 1615 1645 1681 1715 1786 1852 1864 1867 1903 1938 1997 2012 2015 2074 2158 2223 2258 2352 2359 2427 2430 2499 2551 2611 2731 2746 2804 2819 2857 2885 3015 3083 3102 3400 3562 3610 3673 3676 3684 3687 3760 3827 3828 3831 3877 3895 3898 3925 3940 3966 3967 3985 4000 4001 4011 4018 4229 4237 4461 4549 4561 4648 4894 4939 4956 5205 5385 5418 5452 5470 5493 5619 5663 5673 5714 5779 5791 5834 5858 5935 6001 6012 6017 6067 6097 6121 6298 6315 6318 6328 6349 6377 6443 6496 6539 6583 6600 6638 6779 6781 6835 6843 6858 6898 6963 6970 6989 7055 7061 7227 7284 7297 7373 7420 7458 7466 7469 7476 7481 7511 7539 7548 7601 7604 7619 7634 7642 7652 7660 7755 7821 7832 7844 7858 7864 7916 7922 7962 8059 8074 8095 8114 8119 8131 8140 8153 8179 8188 8197 8220 8261 8276 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43396 43410 43509 43642 43658 43665 43707 43866 43876 43880 43886 44102 44103 44175 44296 44566 44648 44719 44951 44987 45031 45060 45063 45081 45085 45093 45130 45139 45180 45207 45210 45214 45221 45231 45272 45277 45298 45306 45307 45377 45380 45435 45438 45445 45465 45487 45503 45561 45610 45649 45658 45733 45748 45798 45807 45811 46005 46048 46049 46059 46064 46095 46146 46177 46235 46293 46303 46392 46399 46408 46437 46488 46609 46674 46688 46798 46865 46927 47087 47244 47255 47269 47286 47326 47344 47345 47347 47350 47359 47430 47462 47468 47470 47508 47589 47628 47652 47670 47727 47732 47799 47821 47823 47963 48011 48225 48230 48242 48296 48307 48312 48317 48465 48466 48486 49075 49120 49123 49132 49150 https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/156/82?format=ascii Optical Infrared default J/AJ/156/82/table5 Stellar parameters from the Sullivan et al. (2015, J/ApJ/809/77; S15) synthetic catalog recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int TOI [0/1983]? TESS object-of-interest identifier meta.id;meta.main int nullable RAJ2000 Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main DEJ2000 Declination in decimal degrees (J2000) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main Per [0.5/224.7] Period d time.period float Mp [0.3/47.56] Planetary mass (5.97236x10+24kg) phys.mass float K [0.3/28.04] Radial velocity semi-amplitude m/s phys.veloc;src.orbital float Sp [0.1/55380] Irradiance recieved by planet, in Earth units Earth phot.flux;arith.ratio float M* [0.03/3.33] Stellar mass solMass phys.mass float Teff [2529/11910] Effective temperature K phys.temperature.effective int Dist [3.8/478.6] Distance pc pos.distance;pos.heliocentric float Bmag [4.68/20.75] Apparent B band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.B float Vmag [4.21/19.17] Apparent V band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.V float Rmag [3.94/18.1] Apparent R band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.R float Ymag [3.59/15.77] Apparent Y band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.J float Jmag [3.4/15.23] Apparent J band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.J float Hmag [3.17/14.73] Apparent H band magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.H float vsini [0.05/14.95] Median rotation velocity, v*sin(i), from empirical distribution km/s phys.veloc.rotat;stat.median float
J/AJ/156/82/table6 Median radial velocity noise sources and follow-up calculations for 3{sigma} planet mass detections of the S15 synthetic catalog recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int TOI [0/1983]? TESS object-of-interest identifier meta.id;meta.main int nullable sig(RV-opt) [0.37/211.32] Precision in optical radial velocities m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float sig(RV-NIR) [0.48/67.2] Precision in NIR radial velocities m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float sig(act) [0/19.07] RMS noise from stellar activity m/s stat.error float sig(pl) [0/12.08] RMS noise from additional planets m/s stat.error float sig(eff-opt) [0.46/212.09] Effective precision derived in the optical m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float sig(eff-NIR) [0.61/67.21] Effective precision derived in the NIR m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float N(RV-opt) [10.1/51584355246.2] Number of optical radial velocities (1) meta.number double N(RV-NIR) [10.1/1234463437.1] Number of NIR radial velocities (1) meta.number double N(Obs-opt) [0.2/1228198934.4] Number of nights of optical observations (1) meta.number double N(Obs-NIR) [0.2/29391986.6] Number of nights of NIR observations (1) meta.number double
J/AJ/156/82/table2 Summary of RV observations for known transiting planets with white RV noise recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int Name Planetary system name meta.number char n_Name [a] Note on Name (1) meta.note char sig(eff) [1.86/66] Effective RV uncertainty m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float sig(K) [0.27/17.5] Precision of K measurement m/s stat.error float N(RV-act) [4/220] Actual number of radial velocities meta.number int N(RV-calc) [4/218] Calculated number of radial velocities meta.number float Ref [1/10] Reference (2) meta.ref;pos.frame int Simbad Simbad column added by the CDS meta.ref.url char _RA Right Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main _DE Declination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main
J/AJ/156/82/table3 Summary of RV observations for known transiting planets with red RV noise Ref [1/5] Reference (1) meta.ref;pos.frame int recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int Name Planetary system name meta.number char K [1.86/5.3] Radial velocity semi-amplitude m/s phys.veloc;src.orbital float a [2.8/9] Amplitude of the correlations m/s stat.correlation float lambda [17/277.9] Exponential timescale {lambda} d time.scale float Gamma [1/2.5] Coherence parameter {Gamma} stat.fit.param float PGP [12.6/134] Periodic timescale P_GP_ (for the Gaussian process model function) d time.scale float sig(jit) [0.25/3.44] Additive scalar jitter parameter m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float sig(eff) [1.85/9.33] Effective RV uncertainty m/s stat.stdev;phys.veloc float sig(K) [0.25/1.1] Precision of K measurement m/s stat.error float N(RV-act) [71/144] Actual number of radial velocities meta.number int N(RV-med) [61.4/265.5] Median calculated number of radial velocities meta.number float e_N(RV-med) [2.7/64.4] Uncertainty in N(RV-med) stat.error float Simbad Simbad column added by the CDS meta.ref.url char _RA Right Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main _DE Declination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main