J/AJ/156/37ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/37doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51560037CDSAnthony-Twarog B.J.Deliyannis C.P.Harmer D.Lee-Brown D.B.,Steinhauer A.Sun Q.Twarog B.A.2026-04-17T07:11:43Z2019-01-31T15:04:40ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersdwarf-starsg-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryradial-velocityline-intensitieschemical-abundancesHydra spectra of 85 G-K dwarfs in the young cluster M35 near the Li 6708 {AA} line region are analyzed. From velocities and Gaia astrometry, 78 are likely single-star members that, combined with previous work, produce 108 members with T_eff_ ranging from 6150 to 4000 K as defined by multicolor, broadband photometry, E(B-V)=0.20, and [Fe/H]=-0.15, though there are indications the metallicity may be closer to solar. The Lithium abundance A(Li) follows a well-delineated decline from 3.15 for the hottest stars to upper limits =<1.0 among the coolest dwarfs. Contrary to earlier work, M35 includes single stars at systematically higher A(Li) than the mean cluster relation. This subset exhibits higher V_ROT_ than the more Li-depleted sample and, from photometric rotation periods, is dominated by stars classed as convective (C); all others are interface (I) stars. The cool, high-Li rapid rotators (RRs) are consistent with models that simultaneously consider rapid rotation and radius inflation; RRs hotter than the Sun exhibit excess Li depletion, as predicted by the models. The A(Li) distribution with color and rotation period, when compared to the Hyades/Praesepe and the Pleiades, is consistent with gyrochronological analysis placing M35's age between the older M34 and younger Pleiades. However, the Pleiades display a more excessive range in A(Li) and rotation period than M35 on the low-Li, slow-rotation side of the distribution, with supposedly younger stars at a given T_eff_ in the Pleiades spinning slower, with A(Li) reduced by more than a factor of four compared to M35.2018AJ....156...37Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/156/37CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/183 : UBVRI Photometric Standards (Landolt 1992)J/MNRAS/306/361 : UBVI CCD photometry of M35 (NGC 2168) (Sung+ 1999)J/ApJ/546/1006 : VRI photometry of M35 (Barrado y Navascues+, 2001)J/AJ/133/394 : Low-mass binary companions in M35 (McNamara+, 2007)J/ApJ/695/679 : Stellar rotation in M35 (Meibom+, 2009)J/AJ/139/1383 : Radial velocities in M35 (NGC 2168) (Geller+, 2010)J/AJ/148/85 : WIYN open cluster study. LXII. Photometry of M35J/A+A/575/A120 : DANCe study of M35 (NGC 2168) (Bouy+, 2015)J/AJ/150/10 : WOCS. LXVI. Radial velocity survey in M35 (Leiner+, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/37https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/37http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/37https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/37https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/37http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/37GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/156/37/catalog (Photometry (table 1) , basic information (table 2) , measured and derived lithium data (table 3) for M35 stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/37/catalog?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/37/catalog?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/37/catalog?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true92.2206324.289080.0055555555555555566/24339 243452.367228618189496e-19 6.118840631666147e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/156/37?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/156/37/catalogPhotometry (table 1) , basic information (table 2) , measured and derived lithium data (table 3) for M35 starsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintWOCSWOCS identification ([GMB2010] WOCS NNNFFF in Simbad) (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainUmag[15.375/18.482]? KPNO/WIYN Johnson U band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag[0.008/0.059]? Error in Umagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullableBmag[15.256/19.313] KPNO/WIYN Johnson B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_Bmag[0.007/0.091] Error in Bmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatVmag[14.514/17.924] KPNO/WIYN Johnson V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_Vmag[0.006/0.034] Error in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatRmag[14.049/17.062] KPNO/WIYN Cousins R band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_Rmag[0.008/0.032] Error in Rmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatImag[13.586/16.239] KPNO/WIYN Cousins I band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_Imag[0.007/0.033] Error in Imagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatNU[0/9] Number of U framesmeta.numberintNB[1/13] Number of B framesmeta.numberintNV[2/14] Number of V framesmeta.numberintNR[2/13] Number of R framesmeta.numberintNI[2/13] Number of I framesmeta.numberintIDA[130/362]? Identification number from Meibom et al. (2009, J/ApJ/695/679)meta.idintnullableIDB[192/413]? Identification number from McNamara & Sekiguchi (1986AJ.....91..557M)meta.idintnullableIDC[168/196]? Identification number from Cudworth (1971AJ.....76..475C)meta.idintnullableMemA[70/96]? Membership probability from IDA%stat.fit.goodnessintnullableMemB[68/93]? Membership probability from IDB%stat.fit.goodnessintnullableMemC[67/90]? Membership probability from IDC%stat.fit.goodnessintnullableMCMembership class (1)meta.code.membercharRV-LE[-10.17/-5.87]? Radial velocity from Leiner et al. (2015, J/AJ/150/10)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV-LE[0.04/4.47]? Error in RV-LEkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableVrot-LE[10/39.6]? Rotational velocity from Leiner et al. (2015, J/AJ/150/10)km/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_Vrot-LE[0.1/3]? Error in Vrot-LEkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableRV[-18.49/-0.95]? Radial velocity from this workkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableu_RV[:] Uncertainty flag on RVmeta.code.errorchare_RV[0.26/1.39]? Error in RVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableVrot[10.3/35]? Rotational velocity from this workkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_Vrot[0.1/5.3]? Error in Vrotkm/sstat.errorfloatnullable(B-V)[0.72/1.48] The (B-V) color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatEW(Li)[0.0/292.7] Equivalent width of Li line1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatS/N[8/117] Signal-to-noise per pixel ratiostat.snr;instr.pixelintl_A(Li)[<] Limit flag on A(Li)meta.code.errorcharA(Li)[0.64/3.17] Lithium abundancephys.abundfloate_A(Li)[0.03/0.17]? Error in A(Li)stat.errorfloatnullablef_A(Li)[0/2]? Lithium abundance code (1)meta.codeintnullable