J/AJ/156/28ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/28doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51560028CDSAdams A.D.Laughlin G.2019-02-01T12:34:54Z2019-01-31T14:34:50ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsstellar-massesstellar-radiieffective-temperatureorbitsWe present a uniform assessment of existing near-infrared Spitzer Space Telescope observations of planet-bearing stars. Using a simple four-parameter blackbody thermal model, we analyze stars for which photometry in at least one of Spitzer's IRAC bands has been obtained over either the entirety or a significant fraction of the planetary orbit. Systems in this category comprise 10 well-studied systems with hot Jupiters on circular or near-circular orbits (HAT-P-7, HD 149026, HD 189733, HD 209458, WASP-12, WASP-14, WASP-18, WASP-19, WASP-33, and WASP-43), as well as three stars harboring planets on significantly eccentric orbits (GJ 436, HAT-P-2, and HD 80606). We find that our simple model, in almost all cases, accurately reproduces the minimum and maximum planetary emission, as well as the phase offsets of these extrema with respect to transits/secondary eclipses. For one notable exception, WASP-12 b, adding an additional parameter to account for its tidal distortion is not sufficient to reproduce its photometric features. Full-orbit photometry is available in multiple wavelengths for 10 planets. We find that the returned parameter values for independent fits to each band are largely in agreement. However, disagreements in nightside temperature suggest distinct atmospheric layers, each with their own characteristic minimum temperature. In addition, a diversity in albedos suggests variation in the opacity of the photospheres. While previous works have pointed out trends in photometric features based on system properties, we cannot conclusively identify analogous trends for physical model parameters. To make the connection between full-phase data and physical models more robust, a higher signal-to-noise ratio must come from both increased resolution and a careful treatment of instrumental systematics.2018AJ....156...28Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/156/28CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/AJ/133/1828 : Transit light curves of HD 189733 (Winn+, 2007)J/ApJS/168/297 : Stellar parameters of nearby cool stars (Takeda+, 2007)J/A+A/498/L5 : Photometry and spectroscopy of HD 80606b (Moutou+, 2009)J/A+A/502/695 : Observations of HD 80606 planetary system (Pont+, 2009)J/ApJ/707/167 : Transiting planetary system WASP-18 (Southworth+, 2009)J/A+A/516/A95 : Photometry and spectroscopy of HD 80606b (Hebrard+, 2010)J/A+A/526/L10 : Transits of WASP-33 (Herrero+, 2011)J/A+A/528/A65 : WASP-12b transits (Maciejewski+, 2011)J/ApJ/727/125 : Two secondary eclipses of WASP-12b with SpitzerJ/A+A/542/A4 : WASP-43b thirty eclipses (Gillon+, 2012)J/ApJ/755/9 : Spitzer/IRAC light curves of GJ 436 systemJ/ApJ/757/161 : Spectroscopy of 56 exoplanet host stars (Torres+, 2012)J/MNRAS/419/2233 : HD 80606 transits (Colon+, 2012)J/A+A/551/A108 : Multi-site obs. of WASP-12 b transit (Maciejewski+, 2013)J/MNRAS/428/3671 : Transiting planet WASP-19b (Tregloan-Reed+, 2013)J/MNRAS/436/2 : Transits of WASP-19b (Mancini+, 2013)J/ApJ/785/126 : HIRES radial velocity measurements (Knutson+, 2014)J/A+A/588/L6 : WASP-12 transit light curves (Maciejewski+ 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/28https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/28http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/156/28https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/28https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/28http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/156/28GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/156/28/table1 (Orbital and stellar properties for exoplanets with Spitzer light curves)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/28/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/28/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/156/28/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true175.546221726.70657030.0055555555555555566/2335 7240 8825 9459 9811 12644 12983 15129 24409 26771 28548 38452https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/156/28?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/156/28/table2*Best-fit parameters from radiative modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPlanetPlanet namemeta.id;meta.maincharlambda[3.6/8] Wavelength {lambda}umem.wlfloatP(PSR)[0.46/1.25] Pseudo-synchronous rotation period P_PSR_dtime.periodfloate_P(PSR)[0.01/0.37] Lower limit uncertainty in P(PSR) (1)dstat.error;stat.minfloatE_P(PSR)[0/0.5] Upper limit uncertainty in P(PSR) (1)dstat.error;stat.maxfloatProt[0.74/3.18] Rotation perioddtime.periodfloate_Prot[0.01/0.71] Lower limit uncertainty in Prot (1)dstat.error;stat.minfloatE_Prot[0/0.94] Upper limit uncertainty in Prot (1)dstat.error;stat.maxfloattaueq[0.3/97] Radiative timescale at a reference temperature given by the orbit-averaged equilibrium temperature T_eq_, {tau}_eq_htime.scalefloate_taueq[0/16.4] Lower limit uncertainty in taueq (1)hstat.error;stat.minfloatE_taueq[0.3/34.7] Upper limit uncertainty in taueq (1)hstat.error;stat.maxfloatT0[177/2336] Minimum ("nightside") temperatureKphys.temperatureinte_T0[13/472] Lower limit uncertainty in T0 (1)Kstat.error;stat.minintE_T0[10/1277] Upper limit uncertainty in T0 (1)Kstat.error;stat.maxintl_A[<] Limit flag on Ameta.code.errorcharA[0.01/0.85] Albedo (2)phys.albedofloate_A[0.01/0.16]? Lower limit uncertainty in A (1)stat.error;stat.minfloatnullableE_A[0.01/0.15]? Upper limit uncertainty in A (1)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableJ/AJ/156/28/table4Eclipse properties for exoplanets with Spitzer light curvesRefReference(s)meta.ref;pos.framecharn_Emid[ab] Note on Emid (G1)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPlanetPlanet namemeta.id;meta.maincharn_Planet[b] Note on Planet (G1)meta.notecharBandBand(s) used for observationinstr.bandpassEmid[3346.52/5844.82]? Mid time of the eclipse (BJD-2450000)dtime.epochdoublenullablee_Emid[0.0001/0.012]? Lower limit uncertainty in Emiddstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_Emid[0.0001/0.012]? Upper limit uncertainty in Emiddstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableE1-4[0.04347/0.274]? Time of the total durationdtime.epochdoublenullablee_E1-4[0.00021/0.01]? Lower limit uncertainty in E1-4dstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_E1-4[0.00023/0.01]? Upper limit uncertainty in E1-4dstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableE1-2[0.005/0.0195]? Time of ingress/egress (E_1,2_ = E_3,4_)dtime.intervaldoublenullablee_E1-2[0.0003/0.005]? Lower limit uncertainty in E1-2dstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_E1-2[0.0003/0.005]? Upper limit uncertainty in E1-2dstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablel_Depth[<] Limit flag on Depthmeta.code.error;phys.absorption.opticalDepthcharDepth[6.93e-05/0.02542]? Eclipse depthphys.absorption.opticalDepthdoublenullablee_Depth[6e-07/0.0012]? Lower limit uncertainty in Depthstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_Depth[6e-07/0.0012]? Upper limit uncertainty in Depthstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablen_DepthNote on Depth upper limitmeta.noteBibcodeBibcode of the reference(s)meta.bib.bibcodecharJ/AJ/156/28/table5Transit properties for exoplanets with Spitzer light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPlanetPlanet namemeta.id;meta.maincharn_Planet[bc] Note on Planet (1)meta.notecharBandBand(s) used for observationinstr.bandpassTmid[2826.62/7089.11181]? Mid time of the transit (BJD-2450000) (2)dtime.epochdoublenullablee_Tmid[1.5e-05/0.011]? Lower limit uncertainty in Tmiddstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_Tmid[1.5e-05/0.011]? Upper limit uncertainty in Tmiddstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablen_Tmid[a] Note on Tmid (G1)meta.notecharT1-4[0.0317/0.485]? Time of the total durationdtime.epochdoublenullablee_T1-4[0.00016/0.013]? Lower limit uncertainty in T1-4dstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_T1-4[0.00016/0.012]? Upper limit uncertainty in T1-4dstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableT1-2[0.01044/0.1083]? Time of ingress/egress (T_1,2_ = T_3,4_)dtime.intervaldoublenullablee_T1-2[0.00014/0.0075]? Lower limit uncertainty in T1-2dstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_T1-2[0.00052/0.0075]? Upper limit uncertainty in T1-2dstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableDepth[0.00268/0.02542]? Transit depthphys.absorption.opticalDepthdoublenullablee_Depth[4.7e-06/0.00071]? Lower limit uncertainty in Depthstat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_Depth[4.7e-06/0.00061]? Upper limit uncertainty in Depthstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableRefReference(s)meta.ref;pos.framecharBibcodeBibcode of the reference(s)meta.bib.bibcodecharJ/AJ/156/28/table1Orbital and stellar properties for exoplanets with Spitzer light curvesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPlanetPlanet namemeta.id;meta.maincharPer[0.788838/111.4374] Perioddtime.perioddoublee_Per[4e-08/0.00072] Lower limit uncertainty in Perdstat.error;stat.mindoubleE_Per[4e-08/0.00072] Upper limit uncertainty in Perdstat.error;stat.maxdoublel_e[~] Limit flag on emeta.code.errorchare[0/0.93286] Eccentricitysrc.orbital.eccentricitydoublee_e[0.00055/0.0043]? Lower limit uncertainty in estat.error;stat.mindoublenullableE_e[0.00055/0.014]? Upper limit uncertainty in estat.error;stat.maxdoublenullableomega[165/328]? Argument of periastron {omega}degsrc.orbital.periastronfloatnullablee_omega[0.15/170]? Lower limit uncertainty in omegadegstat.error;stat.minfloatnullableE_omega[0.15/115]? Upper limit uncertainty in omegadegstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableRef1Reference(s) (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharM*[0.556/1.495] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*[0.019/0.065] Lower limit uncertainty in M*solMassstat.error;stat.minfloatE_M*[0.019/0.08] Upper limit uncertainty in M*solMassstat.error;stat.maxfloatR*[0.455/1.84] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_R*[0.01/0.17] Lower limit uncertainty in R*solRadstat.error;stat.minfloatE_R*[0.011/0.17] Upper limit uncertainty in R*solRadstat.error;stat.maxfloatTeff[3416/7430] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff[43/120] Lower limit uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;stat.minintE_Teff[43/200] Upper limit uncertainty in TeffKstat.error;stat.maxintRef2Reference(s) (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main