J/AJ/155/91ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/91doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51550091CDSYu P.-C.Yu C.-H.Lee C.-D.Lin C.-C.Hsia C.-H.Chang C.-K.,Chen I.-C.Ngeow C.-C.Ip W.-H.Chen W.-P.Laher R.Surace J.,Kulkarni S.R.2018-11-30T09:20:49Z2018-10-30T06:56:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersbe-starsproper-motionsinfrared-photometryWe conducted a search for Be star candidates in open clusters using H{alpha} imaging photometry of the Palomar Transient Factory Survey to investigate some connections among Be star phenomena, cluster environments, and ages. Stellar members of clusters were identified by spatial distributions, near-infrared magnitudes and colors, and by proper motions. Among 104 open clusters, we identified 96 Be star candidates in 32 clusters; 11 of our candidates have been reported in previous studies. We found that the clusters with age 7.5<log(t(year))=<8.5 tend to have more Be star candidates; there is about a 40% occurrence rate within this age bin. The clusters in this age bin also tend to have a higher Be fraction N(Be)/N(Be+B-type). These results suggest that the environments of young and intermediate clusters are favorable to the formation of Be phenomena. Spatial distribution of Be star candidates with different ages implies that they do not form preferentially in the central regions. Furthermore, we showed that the mid-infrared (MIR) colors of the Be star candidates are similar to known Be stars, which could be caused by free-free emission or bound-free emission. Some Be star candidates might have no circumstellar dust according to their MIR colors. Finally, among 96 Be candidates, we discovered that one Be star candidate FSR 0904-1 exhibits long-term variability on the timescale of ~2000 days with an amplitude of 0.2-0.3 mag, indicating a long timescale of disk evolution.2018AJ....155...91Yhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/155/91CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/313 : Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) photometric catalog 1.0J/ApJ/700/1216 : Spectroscopy of Be stars in open clustersJ/other/BASI/39.517 : Spectroscopy of classical Be stars (Mathew+, 2011)J/AJ/144/158 : Properties of B and Be stars in h and {chi} PerseiJ/A+A/558/A53 : Milky Way global survey of star clusters. II.J/AJ/155/50 : WISE photometry of Be stars in young open clustershttp://www.ptf.caltech.edu/ : Palomar Transient Factory surveyhttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/91https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/91http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/91https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/91https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/91http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/91GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/155/91/table1 (Basic Properties of the Cluster Sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/91/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/91/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/91/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.51461.7410.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/155/91/BeStars (Basic Properties (table 2) and WISE Photometric Data (table 3) of Be Star Candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/91/BeStars?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/91/BeStars?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/91/BeStars?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.36362.71031390.0055555555555555565/814 6/1267 1297 1299 1302 1325 1330 1335 1380 1385 1446 1458 1464 1476 1653 1757 1783 1839 3040 3058 3059 3143 3147 3168 3169 3170 3227 3254 3261 3312 3362 3384 3584 3593 3597 3608 3609 3611 3615 3654 3659 3660 3712 3713 6307 13309 14322 14631 14688 14690 14696 14749 14751 15121 15366 15368 15412 15501 15622 15671 21918 22199 22207 22216 22217 22218 22245 22246 22249 22260 22261 23621 23632 23633 23663 23674 23760 23761 23763 23765 23766 23768 23840 23850 23936 23950 23972 23976 23980 23982 23986 23994 23995 24032 24333 24344 24350 24359 24361 24427 24465 24472 24491 24496 24497 24503 24508 24510 24527 245531.3088508223161842e-20 6.513807192489934e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/155/91?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/155/91/table1Basic Properties of the Cluster SampleSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterName of clustermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-6.78/4.47] Proper motion of RA {mu}_{alpha}_cos{delta}mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-8.86/2.93] Proper motion of DE {mu}_{delta}_mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatDist[1/2.5] Distance of cluster to the Sunkpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatlogAge[6.7/9.6] Logarithm of the cluster agelog(yr)time.agefloate_logAge[0.01/0.203]? Uncertainty in logAgelog(yr)stat.error;time.agefloatnullableSize[2.6/57.1] Size of searching regionarcminphys.angSizefloatN(Be)[0/14] Number of Be star candidate(s) found in this workmeta.numberintK(Be)1[1/15]? First known Be star number from literaturemeta.numberintnullableK(Be)2[4]? Second known Be star number from literaturemeta.numberintnullabler_K(Be)Reference(s) of known Be stars (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharN[0/515] Number of B-type star(s) in clustermeta.numberintJ/AJ/155/91/BeStarsBasic Properties (table 2) and WISE Photometric Data (table 3) of Be Star CandidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarName of Be star candidatemeta.id;meta.maincharf_Star[*] Flag on Star (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA[-10.1/7] Proper motion of RA {mu}_{alpha}_cos{delta}mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-9.1/10.3] Proper motion of DE {mu}_{delta}_mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatJ-H[0.016/0.344] 2MASS (J-H) color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.HfloatH-Ks[0.029/0.331] 2MASS (H-K_s_) color indexmagphot.color;em.IR.H;em.IR.KfloatRmag[11.01/15.15] R band magnitude obtained from USNO-B and PTF/iPTF cataloguemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatClassObject classification adopted from SIMBAD (2)meta.code.class;src.classcharW1mag[9.174/13.081] WISE W1 (3.4{mu}m) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag[0.021/0.128] Uncertainty in W1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatW2mag[8.822/13.147] WISE W2 (4.6{mu}m) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_W2mag[0.019/0.038] Uncertainty in W2magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatW3mag[7.901/12.061]? WISE W3 (12{mu}m) band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_W3mag[0.018/0.267]? Uncertainty in W3magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablelogAge[6.7/9.22] Logarithm of the host cluster agelog(yr)time.agefloatW1-W2[-0.134/0.405] WISE W1-W2 color indexmagphot.color;em.IR;em.IRfloatW2-W3[-0.524/1.791]? WISE W2-W3 color indexmagphot.color;em.IR;em.IRfloatnullable