J/AJ/155/81ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/81doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51550081CDSSmith B.J.Campbell K.Struck C.Soria R.Swartz D.Magno M.Dunn B.,Giroux M.L.2019-11-11T22:00:00Z2018-10-29T09:22:30ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesinterstellar-mediumstar-forming-regionsx-ray-sourcesultraviolet-astronomyinfrared-astronomyUsing archived data from the Chandra X-ray telescope, we have extracted the diffuse X-ray emission from 49 equal-mass interacting/merging galaxy pairs in a merger sequence, from widely separated pairs to merger remnants. After the removal of contributions from unresolved point sources, we compared the diffuse thermal X-ray luminosity from hot gas (L_X_(gas)) with the global star formation rate (SFR). After correction for absorption within the target galaxy, we do not see a strong trend of L_X_(gas)/SFR with the SFR or merger stage for galaxies with SFR>1 M_{sun}_/yr. For these galaxies, the median L_X_(gas)/SFR is 5.5x10^39^ ((erg/s)/M_{sun}_/yr), similar to that of normal spiral galaxies. These results suggest that stellar feedback in star-forming galaxies reaches an approximately steady-state condition, in which a relatively constant fraction of about 2% of the total energy output from supernovae and stellar winds is converted into X-ray flux. Three late-stage merger remnants with low SFRs and high K-band luminosities (L_K_) have enhanced L_X_(gas)/SFR; their UV/IR/optical colors suggest that they are post-starburst galaxies, perhaps in the process of becoming ellipticals. Systems with L_K_<10^10^ L_{sun}_ have lower L_X_(gas)/SFR ratios than the other galaxies in our sample, perhaps due to lower gravitational fields or lower metallicities. We see no relation between L_X_(gas)/SFR and Seyfert activity in this sample, suggesting that feedback from active galactic nuclei is not a major contributor to the hot gas in our sample galaxies.2018AJ....155...81Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/155/81CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIX/45 : The Chandra Source Catalog, Release 1.1 (Evans+ 2012)J/AJ/126/1183 : Major galaxy mergers at z<~3 (Conselice+, 2003)J/AJ/133/791 : Spitzer photometry of normal & interacting galaxiesJ/AJ/139/1212 : SDSS photometry of interacting galaxies (Smith+, 2010)J/ApJ/713/330 : Spitzer observations of major-merger galaxies (Xu+, 2010)J/AJ/148/137 : Merging galaxies in COSMOS to z~1 (Lackner+, 2014)J/ApJS/218/6 : The Spitzer Interacting Galaxies Survey (SIGS)J/ApJ/829/78 : Dust properties of major-merger galaxy pairsJ/ApJS/222/16 : Heschel obs. of major-merger pairs of z<0.1 galaxiesJ/MNRAS/464/3882 : Mergers and galaxy-galaxy interactions (Weston+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/81https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/81http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/81https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/81https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/81http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/81GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/155/81/Sample (Basic (table 1) and X-Ray (table 2) Data on Galaxies)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/81/Sample?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/81/Sample?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/81/Sample?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true177.1932542-27.37908060.0055555555555555566/226 4181 4993 5241 5523 5799 5989 6034 6042 6046 6098 7552 8492 8673 10210 10515 10752 11029 11101 11180 11206 16755 17183 17252 17286 18212 18714 18753 18809 19678 20875 22721 22826 22828 23215 24735 24920 25344 26028 27643 28147 31081 31158 38139 40321 44947 46079 46130 47078https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/155/81?format=asciiX-rayUVInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/155/81/table6Ratios Involving the Diffuse MEKAL Component of the X-Ray LuminosityrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalaxy name(s)meta.id;meta.maincharl_log(LX/LFIR)G[<] Limit flag on log(LX/LFIR)Gmeta.code.errorcharlog(LX/LFIR)G[-5.56/-1.27] X-ray (gas) to FIR luminosity ratio for Galactic absorptionphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatl_log(LX/LK)G[<] Limit flag on log(LX/LK)Gmeta.code.errorcharlog(LX/LK)G[-5.5/-3.69] X-ray (gas) to K-band luminosity ratio for Galactic absorptionphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatl_log(LX/SFR)G[<] Limit flag on log(LX/SFR)Gmeta.code.errorcharlog(LX/SFR)G[38.02/41.33] X-ray (gas) luminosity to SFR ratio for Galactic absorption (in erg/s/M_{sun}_/yr)log(1e-07W.solMass**-1.yr**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatl_log(LX/LFIR)i[<] Limit flag on log(LX/LFIR)imeta.code.errorcharlog(LX/LFIR)i[-4.51/-1.23]? X-ray (gas) to FIR luminosity ratio for internal absorptionphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatnullablel_log(LX/LK)i[<] Limit flag on log(LX/LFIR)imeta.code.errorcharlog(LX/LK)i[-4.97/-2.87]? X-ray (gas) to K-band luminosity ratio for internal absorptionphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatnullablel_log(LX/SFR)i[<] Limit flag on log(LX/LK)imeta.code.errorcharlog(LX/SFR)i[38.73/41.37]? X-ray (gas) luminosity to SFR ratio for internal absorption (in erg/s/M_{sun}_/yr)log(1e-07W.solMass**-1.yr**-1)stat.fit.paramfloatnullableJ/AJ/155/81/SampleBasic (table 1) and X-Ray (table 2) Data on GalaxiesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalaxy name(s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimarymoreindicates data in other tables for this galaxymeta.ref.urlcharStage[1/7] Merger stage (1)meta.code;src.morphintDist[9.8/184] DistanceMpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatLFUV[0.27/93.68]? GALEX/FUV band luminosity (in 10^42^ erg/s)1e+35Wphys.luminosity;em.UVfloatnullableLNUV[0.88/109.18]? GALEX/NUV band luminosity (in 10^42^ erg/s)1e+35Wphys.luminosity;em.UVfloatnullableL24[0.17/2929.16] Spitzer 24 {mu}m band luminosity (in 10^42^ erg/s)1e+35Wphys.luminosity;em.IR.15-30umfloatlog(LFIR)[8.4/12.19] Log of the total FIR luminosity (L_FIR_) (2)log(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IRfloatlog(LK)[9.06/12.36] Log of the 2MASS K_s_ band luminosity (L_K_) (3)log(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IR.Kfloatlog(LFIR/LK)[-3.16/0.79] FIR to K-band luminosity ratiophys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatSFR[0.03/450.05] Star formation ratesolMass/yrphys.SFRfloatAGNGalaxy listed as an AGN in NED?src.classcharExpTime[2.6/455.8] The final Chandra exposure timeksectime.duration;obs.exposurefloatSet1[809/15077] Data set 1meta.idintSet2[315/15619]? Data set 2meta.idintnullableSet3[3041/14914]? Data set 3meta.idintnullableSet4[3042/14915]? Data set 4meta.idintnullableSet5[3043/13948]? Data set 5meta.idintnullableSet6[3044/15869]? Data set 6meta.idintnullablePSL[0.01/3.28] Point source limit (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Winstr.sensitivityfloatLX(HMXB)[0.02/333] X-ray luminosity (0.3-8.0 keV) for unresolved high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatLX(LMXB)[0.07/139.28] X-ray luminosity (0.3-8.0 keV) for unresolved low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/155/81/table3X-Ray Parameters and Results for Galactic Absorption Correction OnlyrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalaxy name(s)meta.id;meta.maincharl_F(0.3-8)[<] Limit flag on F(0.3-8) (not in Table 4)meta.code.errorcharF(0.3-8)[0.11/133.28]? Total observed X-ray (0.3-8 keV) flux (in 10^-14^ erg/s/cm^2^) (not in Table 4)1e-17W.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_F(0.3-8)[0.05/2.9]? Lower limit uncertainty in F(0.3-8) (not in Table 4)1e-17W.m**-2stat.error;stat.minfloatnullableE_F(0.3-8)[0.15/3.32]? Upper limit uncertainty in F(0.3-8) (not in Table 4)1e-17W.m**-2stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableNH[0.5/72.1]? Galactic hydrogen column density1e+20cm**-2phys.columnDensity;pos.galacticfloatnullablechi2r[0.7/13.5]? Best-fit reduced chi-squared {chi}^2^_{nu}_stat.fit.chi2;meta.modelledfloatnullableChi2[3.2/5751.7]? Chi-squared {Chi}^2^stat.fit.chi2floatnullableDOF[4/524]? Degrees of Freedomstat.fit.dofintnullablel_LX(M)[<] Limit flag on LX(M)meta.code.errorcharLX(M)[0.5/4249.6]? MEKAL X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s) (1)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_LX(M)[0.1/170.7]? Uncertainty in LX(M) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloatnullablel_LX(PL)[<] Limit flag on LX(PL)meta.code.errorcharLX(PL)[0.1/1488.4]? Power law X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s) (1)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_LX(PL)[0.4/35.6]? Uncertainty in LX(PL) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloatnullableJ/AJ/155/81/table4X-Ray Luminosities Including Internal Absorption Correction from UV/IRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalaxy name(s)meta.id;meta.maincharNH[0.5/72.1]? Galactic hydrogen column density1e+20cm**-2phys.columnDensity;pos.galacticfloatnullablechi2r[0.7/13.5]? Best-fit reduced chi-squared {chi}^2^_{nu}_stat.fit.chi2;meta.modelledfloatnullableChi2[3.2/5751.7]? Chi-squared {Chi}^2^stat.fit.chi2floatnullableDOF[4/524]? Degrees of Freedomstat.fit.dofintnullablel_LX(M)[<] Limit flag on LX(M)meta.code.errorcharLX(M)[0.5/4249.6]? MEKAL X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s) (1)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_LX(M)[0.1/170.7]? Uncertainty in LX(M) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloatnullablel_LX(PL)[<] Limit flag on LX(PL)meta.code.errorcharLX(PL)[0.1/1488.4]? Power law X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s) (1)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_LX(PL)[0.4/35.6]? Uncertainty in LX(PL) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloatnullableJ/AJ/155/81/table5X-Ray Fits for More Complex ModelsNameGalaxy namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintModelFinal best model (1)stat.param;meta.modelledcharchi2r[0.8/1.7] Best-fit reduced chi-squared {chi}^2^_{nu}_stat.fit.chi2;meta.modelledfloatChi2[18.7/842.1] Chi-squared {Chi}^2^stat.fit.chi2floatDOF[11/518] Degrees of Freedomstat.fit.dofintNH(M)[0.6/61.6] MEKAL Galactic hydrogen column density1e+20cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloate_NH(M)[0.7/11.5]? Uncertainty in NH(M)1e+20cm**-2stat.errorfloatnullablen_NH(M)[F] Note on NH(M) (F=Fixed column density)meta.notecharNH(PL)[1.3/1268.9]? Power law Galactic hydrogen column density1e+20cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatnullablee_NH(PL)[1.7/330.2]? Uncertainty in NH(PL)1e+20cm**-2stat.errorfloatnullablen_NH(PL)[F tied] Note on NH(PL) (F=Fixed column density; tied=MEKAL and power-law absorbing columns tied together)meta.notecharkT1[0.2/0.69] First gas temperaturekeVphys.temperaturefloate_kT1[0.01/0.12]? Uncertainty in kT1keVstat.errorfloatnullablen_kT1[F] Note on kT1 (F=Fixed temperature)meta.notecharkT2[0.58/1.85]? Second gas temperaturekeVphys.temperaturefloatnullablee_kT2[0/0.28]? Uncertainty in kT2keVstat.errorfloatnullableLX(M)1[5.6/815] First absorption-corrected MEKAL X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloate_LX(M)1[1.1/184.6] Uncertainty in LX(M)1 (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloatLX(M)2[20.5/387.2]? Second absorption-corrected MEKAL X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatnullablee_LX(M)2[2.5/106.5]? Uncertainty in LX(M)2 (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloatnullableLX(PL)[14.9/852] Absorption-corrected power law X-ray (0.3-8 keV) luminosity (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloate_LX(PL)[1/217.6] Uncertainty in LX(PL) (in 10^39^ erg/s)1e+32Wstat.errorfloat