J/AJ/155/54ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/54doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51550054CDSWard-Duong K.Patience J.Bulger J.van der Plas G.Menard F.Pinte C.,Jackson A.P.Bryden G.Turner N.J.Harvey P.Hales A.De Rosa R.J.2018-11-28T08:27:41Z2018-10-16T08:12:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frbrown-dwarfspre-main-sequence-starsstellar-spectral-typesmillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomyinfrared-photometrystellar-massesproper-motionseffective-temperaturestellar-radiiWe report 885 {mu}m ALMA continuum flux densities for 24 Taurus members spanning the stellar/substellar boundary with spectral types from M4 to M7.75. Of the 24 systems, 22 are detected at levels ranging from 1.0 to 55.7 mJy. The two nondetections are transition disks, though other transition disks in the sample are detected. Converting ALMA continuum measurements to masses using standard scaling laws and radiative transfer modeling yields dust mass estimates ranging from ~0.3 to 20 M_{Earth}_. The dust mass shows a declining trend with central object mass when combined with results from submillimeter surveys of more massive Taurus members. The substellar disks appear as part of a continuous sequence and not a distinct population. Compared to older Upper Sco members with similar masses across the substellar limit, the Taurus disks are brighter and more massive. Both Taurus and Upper Sco populations are consistent with an approximately linear relationship in M_dust_ to M_star_, although derived power-law slopes depend strongly upon choices of stellar evolutionary model and dust temperature relation. The median disk around early-M stars in Taurus contains a comparable amount of mass in small solids as the average amount of heavy elements in Kepler planetary systems on short-period orbits around M-dwarf stars, with an order of magnitude spread in disk dust mass about the median value. Assuming a gas-to-dust ratio of 100:1, only a small number of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs have a total disk mass amenable to giant planet formation, consistent with the low frequency of giant planets orbiting M dwarfs.2018AJ....155...54Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/155/54CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/329 : URAT1 Catalog (Zacharias+ 2015)J/ApJ/578/914 : Low-mass stars in Taurus (Hartmann, 2002)J/A+A/446/485 : New very low-mass members in Taurus (Guieu+, 2006)J/ApJ/645/676 : Spatial distribution of brown dwarfs in Taurus (Luhman+, 2006)J/ApJ/647/1180 : Infrared photometry of Taurus SFR (Luhman+, 2006)J/ApJS/186/111 : Spitzer observations of Taurus members (Luhman+, 2010)J/ApJS/186/259 : Taurus Spitzer survey: new candidate members (Rebull+, 2010)J/ApJ/771/129 : Submillimetric Class II sources of Taurus (Andrews+, 2013)J/A+A/570/A29 : TBOSS Survey I: Herschel/PACS (Bulger+, 2014)J/ApJ/786/97 : Photospheric properties of T Tauri stars (Herczeg+, 2014)J/ApJ/827/142 : ALMA observations of GKM stars in Upper Sco (Barenfeld+, 2016)J/AJ/154/134 : Planetary-mass brown dwarfs in the Taurus SFR (Esplin+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/54https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/54http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/54https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/54https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/54http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/54GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/155/54/table14 (Rederived stellar parameters and dust masses for our sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table14?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table14?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table14?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true67.340255627.02375810.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/155/54/table1 (table)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true63.6971208326.774011110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/155/54/table3 (Updated target positions from this study and proper motions from Zacharias et al. (2015, Cat. I/329))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/54/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true63.5495328.1980235560.0055555555555555565/270 292 11090 11091 11094 6/342 1029 1030 1031 1037 1039 1040 1042 1043 1047 1048 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1061 1063 1068 1073 1074 1075 1078 1084 1111 1114 1115 1123 1124 1126 1136 1156 1157 1159 1176 23517 23548 23549 23551 24198 24201 24203 24294 24295 24300 42943 42976 42979 42981 42984 42985 42986 42989 42990 42992 43001 44118 44311 44316 44317 44319 44343 44352 44355 44356 44358 44368 44369 44371 44386 44389 44400 444011.2415266230347566e-21 8.27688880188539e-21https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/155/54?format=asciiMillimeterInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/155/54/table8Stellar parameters used in MCFOST modelsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharTeff[2752/3270] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogL*[-2.358/-0.115] Log stellar luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatR*[0.377/2.6] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatAv[0/3] Reddeningmagphys.absorptionfloatJ/AJ/155/54/table10Genetic algorithm results with SED fitting in MCFOSTrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharMdust[0.1/23.31] Dust mass(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatH0[10.5/25] Scale height H_0_ at reference radius r_0_AUphys.sizefloatRin[0.01/1] Inner radiusAUphys.size.radiusfloatbeta[1/1.3] Flaring profile exponent {beta} for the disk height H(r)~r^{beta}^stat.fit.paramfloatSdens[-1.4/-0.25] Surface density indexsrc.densityfloatchi2[9/600] Minimum SED fit {chi}^2^stat.fit.param;stat.minintJ/AJ/155/54/table14Rederived stellar parameters and dust masses for our sampleSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharl_Md40Limit flag on Md40meta.code.errorcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharr_Target[1/6] Target reference (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintFlag[UL ] Upper limits calculated from sub-mm/mm non-detectionmeta.code.errorcharRegionRegion identifier (Taurus, Upper Sco, Rho Oph)meta.id;obs.fieldcharAge[1/10] Stellar age estimateMyrtime.ageintSpTypeStellar MK spectral typesrc.spTypecharTeff[2548/5294] Stellar effective temperature estimateKphys.temperature.effectiveintM*[0.02/2.38] Stellar mass estimatesolMassphys.massfloatb_M*[0.02/2.16] Lower boundary on M*solMassphys.mass;stat.minfloatB_M*[0.02/2.54] Upper boundary on M*solMassphys.mass;stat.maxfloatlogL*[-2.39/0.97] Log stellar luminosity estimatelog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatb_logL*[-2.45/0.88] Lower boundary on logL*log(solLum)phys.mass;stat.minfloatB_logL*[-2.33/1.03] Upper boundary on logL*log(solLum)phys.mass;stat.maxfloatMd40[0.01/200.02] Dust mass at 40 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatl_Md100Limit flag on Md100meta.code.errorcharMd100[0.02/303.82] Dust mass at 100 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatl_Md200Limit flag on Md200meta.code.errorcharMd200[0.03/375.62] Dust mass at 200 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/AJ/155/54/table15Dust massesTd80[11.9/18.8] Dust temperature at 80 AUKphys.temperaturefloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharTdust[7.8/16.7] Dust temperature (1)Kphys.temperaturefloatMdust[0.34/23.69] Dust mass(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatTd10[19.9/40] Dust temperature at 10 AUKphys.temperaturefloatMd10[0.1/6.71] Dust mass at 10 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatTd20[14.7/28.7] Dust temperature at 20 AUKphys.temperaturefloatMd20[0.16/10.24] Dust mass at 20 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatTd40[12.99/22.43] Dust temperature at 40 AUKphys.temperaturefloatMd40[0.22/14.02] Dust mass at 40 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatTd60[12.4/20.1] Dust temperature at 60 AUKphys.temperaturefloatMd60[0.26/16.24] Dust mass at 60 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatMd80[0.28/17.74] Dust mass at 80 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatTd100[11/17.3] Dust temperature at 100 AUKphys.temperaturefloatMd100[0.32/20.35] Dust mass at 100 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatTd200[9.9/15.2] Dust temperature at 200 AUKphys.temperaturefloatMd200[0.39/24.98] Dust mass at 200 AU(5.97236x10+24kg)phys.massfloatJ/AJ/155/54/table1tableSpTypeMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharONameOther namemeta.idcharRAJ20002MASS Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ20002MASS Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainF24[9.6/310]? 24{mu}m band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableF70[15/445] 70{mu}m band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umintl_F160[<] Limit flag on F160meta.code.errorcharF160[24/639] 160{mu}m band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzintComComment about transition disk and binary system identificationmeta.id;phys.atmol.transProb;phys.atmol.transitionr_ComReference for Comment (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/AJ/155/54/table3Updated target positions from this study and proper motions from Zacharias et al. (2015, Cat. I/329)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000ALMA Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000ALMA Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainoRA[44.432/344.564] Right Ascension offset from the 2MASS J2000 coordinatesmaspos.eq.ra;arith.difffloatoDE[-625.2/-218.5] Declination offset from the 2MASS J2000 coordinatesmaspos.eq.dec;arith.difffloatpmRA[-5.1/14.3] Proper motion along RA (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[5.1/10] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-30.5/-9.7] Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[5.1/10] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatEpoch[2013.108/2013.86] Epoch of observationyrtime.epochdoubleJ/AJ/155/54/table4Measured flux density values and other parameters for the 24 targets in this samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTargetTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharTeff[2696/3191] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogL*[-2.02/-0.701] Log stellar luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatM*(B15)[0.028/0.199] Stellar mass from Baraffe et al. (2015A&A...577A..42B)solMassphys.massfloatl_FluxNat[< =] Limit flag on FluxNatmeta.code.errorcharFluxNat[0.27/55.65] Flux density derived from the CASA imfit routine (natural weighting)mJyphot.flux.densityfloate_FluxNat? Uncertainty in FluxNatmJystat.errorfloatnullablel_FluxBriggs[< =] Limit flag on FluxBriggsmeta.code.errorcharFluxBriggs[0.39/48.28] Flux density derived from the CASA imfit routine (briggs weighting)mJyphot.flux.densityfloate_FluxBriggs[0.18/0.75]? Uncertainty in FluxBriggsmJystat.errorfloatnullablel_FluxUni[< =] Limit flag on FluxUnimeta.code.errorcharFluxUni[0.47/48.4] Flux density derived from the CASA imfit routine (uniform weighting)mJyphot.flux.densityfloate_FluxUni[0.21/0.85]? Uncertainty in FluxUnimJystat.errorfloatnullableFlux[1.25/47.77]? Flux density derived from the CASA uvmodelfit routine (1)mJyphot.flux.densityfloatnullablee_Flux[0.15/0.3]? Uncertainty in FluxmJystat.error;phot.fluxfloatnullableNoteNote (2)meta.notechar