J/AJ/155/53ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/53doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51550053CDSLabadie-Bartz J.Chojnowski S.D.Whelan D.G.Pepper J.McSwain M.V.,Borges Fernandes M.Wisniewski J.P.Stringfellow G.S.Carciofi A.C.,Siverd R.J.Glazier A.L.Anderson S.G.Caravello A.J.Stassun K.G.,Lund M.B.Stevens D.J.Rodriguez J.E.James D.J.Kuhn R.B.2018-12-13T12:53:29Z2018-10-17T09:49:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frbe-starsvariable-starsphotometryvisible-astronomystellar-spectral-typesIn order to study the growth and evolution of circumstellar disks around classical Be stars, we analyze optical time-series photometry from the KELT survey with simultaneous infrared and visible spectroscopy from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment survey and Be Star Spectra database for a sample of 160 Galactic classical Be stars. The systems studied here show variability including transitions from a diskless to a disk-possessing state (and vice versa), and persistent disks that vary in strength, being replenished at either regularly or irregularly occurring intervals. We detect disk-building events (outbursts) in the light curves of 28% of our sample. Outbursts are more commonly observed in early- (57%), compared to mid- (27%) and late-type (8%) systems. A given system may show anywhere between 0 and 40 individual outbursts in its light curve, with amplitudes ranging up to ~0.5 mag and event durations between ~2 and 1000 days. We study how both the photometry and spectroscopy change together during active episodes of disk growth or dissipation, revealing details about the evolution of the circumstellar environment. We demonstrate that photometric activity is linked to changes in the inner disk, and show that, at least in some cases, the disk growth process is asymmetrical. Observational evidence of Be star disks both growing and clearing from the inside out is presented. The duration of disk buildup and dissipation phases are measured for 70 outbursts, and we find that the average outburst takes about twice as long to dissipate as it does to build up in optical photometry. Our analysis hints that dissipation of the inner disk occurs relatively slowly for late-type Be stars.2018AJ....155...53Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/155/53CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/17 : Early-Type Emission-Line Stars (Wackerling 1970)III/180 : SS(77) Catalogue: new H-alpha em* in Milky WayV/15 : SAO and Supplementary Data (Ochsenbein 1980)III/67 : Catalogue of Be stars (Jaschek+, 1982)III/138 : Henry Draper Extension 2 (Cannon+ 1949; ADC 1989)III/182 : HDE Charts: positions, proper motions (Nesterov+ 1995)IV/25 : HD identifications for Tycho-2 stars (Fabricius+, 2002)I/297 : NOMAD Catalog (Zacharias+ 2005)V/125 : Photometry and Spectroscopy for Luminous Stars (Reed 2005)J/A+A/451/1053 : Fundamental parameters of Be stars (Fremat+, 2006)I/280 : All-Sky Compiled Catalogue of 2.5 million starsB/mk : Catalogue of Stellar Spectral ClassificationsV/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)J/A+AS/137/451 : Radial velocities. IX. (Grenier+, 1999)J/A+A/451/1053 : Fundamental parameters of Be stars (Fremat+, 2006)J/A+A/541/A34 : Spectral types of stars in CoRoT fields (Sebastian+, 2012)J/AJ/149/7 : SDSS-III/APOGEE. I. Be stars (Chojnowski+, 2015)J/AJ/153/174 : SDSS-III/APOGEE. II. The multi-epoch ABE sampleJ/AJ/153/252 : Photometric variability of BeSS-KELT starsJ/A+A/613/A70 : Be stars in the exofield of CoRoT. II. (Semaan+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/53https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/53http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/53https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/53https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/53http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/53GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/155/53/table3 (APOGEE + KELT classical Be star sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/53/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/53/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/53/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true304.117310637.05639560.0055555555555555566/1243 1302 1305 1310 1321 1329 1331 1332 1347 1418 1430 1433 1448 1449 1450 1718 1725 1960 2935 2940 2955 2993 3004 3024 3058 3235 3326 3587 3590 3616 3737 3739 3751 3840 6724 6822 9686 12955 12981 12982 12988 13024 13111 13981 14003 14004 14007 14047 14067 14068 14078 14190 14193 14197 14217 14220 14230 14264 14274 14311 14430 14587 14622 14641 14644 14645 14715 14765 15384 15407 15416 15417 15475 15493 15649 15668 15674 15687 15703 15800 21677 21698 22029 22040 22044 22046 22076 22087 22131 22167 22174 22210 22230 22255 23629 23632 23634 23755 23778 23976 23980 23998 24113 24180 24182 24266 24293 24325 24326 24357 24359 24368 24372 24375 24376 24384 24442 24446 24466 24467 24473 24483 24490 24505 24512 29530 29531 29533 29535 29879 29885 30216 30222 30223 30227 30236 30245 30258 30417 30617 30622 32024https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/155/53?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/155/53/table2Well-sampled and well-defined outburstsABEOutburst identifier (ABE-(A)NNN in Simbad)meta.id;meta.maincharRise[3/169] Rising timedtime.epochintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFall[3/1281] Falling timedtime.intervalintAmp[0.034/0.442] Photometric amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatDate1[4063/6982.5] Date of the beginning of rising phase (JD-2450000)dtime.epochfloate_Date1[1/199] Uncertainty in Date1dstat.errorintDate2[4075.5/6986.5] Date of the peak brightness (JD-2450000)dtime.epochfloate_Date2[1/172] Uncertainty in Date2dstat.errorintDate3[4108.3/7304.9] Date of the end of falling phase (JD-2450000)dtime.epochfloate_Date3[1/201] Uncertainty in Date3dstat.errorintBase[7.431/12.008] Baseline brightness (1)magphot.mag.sbfloate_Base[0.002/0.029] Uncertainty in Basemagstat.errorfloatBrmax[7.122/11.95] Maximum brightness (1)magphot.mag.sbfloate_Brmax[0.003/0.058] Uncertainty in Brmaxmagstat.errorfloatJ/AJ/155/53/table3APOGEE + KELT classical Be star sampleLCLight curvemeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintABEOutburst identifier (ABE-(A)NNN in Simbad)meta.id;meta.maincharprimarymoreindicates data in other tables for this objectmeta.ref.urlcharStarStar namemeta.idcharVmag[5.9/10.9] NOMAD V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharr_SpTypeReference for SpType (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharClassEffective temperature classsrc.classcharAPOGEE[1/32] Number of APOGEE visitsmeta.numberintFieldKELT fieldmeta.id;obs.fieldcharDate1The first date of KELT observationstime.epoch;obsnullableDate2The last date of KELT observationstime.epoch;obsnullableNoutbNumber of detected outburstsmeta.numbercharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/155/53/photThe KELT light curves of all the sourcesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintABEOutburst identifier (ABE-(A)NNN in Simbad)meta.id;meta.maincharJD[0/7122.25] Julian Date (JD-2450000.0)dtime.epochdoubleKELTmag[-1.5855/16.0227] KELT apparent magnitudemagphot.magfloate_KELTmag[0/4.1771] Uncertainty in KELTmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloat