J/AJ/155/225ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/225doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51550225CDSKesseli A.Y.Muirhead P.S.Mann A.W.Mace G.2019-01-09T08:16:56Z2018-12-20T07:53:16ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frdwarf-starsm-starsMain-sequence, fully convective M dwarfs in eclipsing binaries are observed to be larger than stellar evolutionary models predict by as much as 10%-15%. A proposed explanation for this discrepancy involves effects from strong magnetic fields, induced by rapid rotation via the dynamo process. Although, a handful of single, slowly rotating M dwarfs with radius measurements from interferometry also appear to be larger than models predict, suggesting that rotation or binarity specifically may not be the sole cause of the discrepancy. We test whether single, rapidly rotating, fully convective stars are also larger than expected by measuring their Rsini distribution. We combine photometric rotation periods from the literature with rotational broadening (vsini) measurements reported in this work for a sample of 88 rapidly rotating M dwarf stars. Using a Bayesian framework, we find that stellar evolutionary models underestimate the radii by 10%-15%_-2.5_^+3^, but that at higher masses (0.18<M<0.4 M_Sun_), the discrepancy is only about 6% and comparable to results from interferometry and eclipsing binaries. At the lowest masses (0.08<M<0.18 M_Sun_), we find that the discrepancy between observations and theory is 13%-18%, and we argue that the discrepancy is unlikely to be due to effects from age. Furthermore, we find no statistically significant radius discrepancy between our sample and the handful of M dwarfs with interferometric radii. We conclude that neither rotation nor binarity are responsible for the inflated radii of fully convective M dwarfs, and that all fully convective M dwarfs are larger than models predict.2018AJ....155..225Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/155/225CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/226 : Rotational Velocities of Stars (Glebocki+ 2000)J/A+A/331/581 : Rotation and activity in field M dwarfs (Delfosse+ 1998)J/ApJ/704/975 : Rotational velocities for M dwarfs (Jenkins+, 2009)J/MNRAS/407/1657 : Rotation velocities of dwarf M stars (Houdebine, 2010)J/AJ/146/156 : APOGEE M-dwarf survey. I. First year velocitiesJ/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation + Galactic kinematics of mid M dwarfsJ/MNRAS/463/1844 : M dwarfs rotation-activity relation (Stelzer+, 2016)J/A+A/612/A49 : 324 CARMENES M dwarfs velocities (Reiners+, 2018)J/AJ/155/38 : The rotation of M dwarfs observed by APOGEE (Gilhool+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/225https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/225http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/155/225https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/225https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/225http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/155/225GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/155/225/table1 (Observed targets)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/225/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/225/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/155/225/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.145330630.04153530.0055555555555555566/399 462 636 671 836 861 918 1025 1276 1635 1849 1890 1911 2139 2330 2456 2484 2922 3162 3387 3659 4008 4048 4060 4462 4867 4976 5000 5428 5652 5743 5849 6880 6888 6977 7147 7231 7313 7329 7681 7689 8058 8163 8756 9867 10381 11363 11713 12090 12184 13376 13748 14140 14781 15355 16296 17785 17843 17863 19323 19587 19620 19957 20257 20314 20362 20472 21987 22221 23391 23443 23516 23564 23704 26327 27357 27431 27456 27509 27537 27675 27762 27792 28459 28486 30177 30455 31148https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/155/225?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/155/225/table1Observed targetsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableTelTelescope (DCT, Harlan J. Smith or IRTF)meta.id;instr.telcharInstInstrument (IGRINS or iSHELL)meta.id;instrcharProt[0.102/4.755] Rotation period from Newton et al. (2016, J/ApJ/821/93)dtime.periodfloatvsini[2.8/66]? Rotational broadeningkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vsini[0.2/3.3]? Uncertainty in vsinikm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablevsiniP1[2.4/51.3]? First value of previous rotational broadeningkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vsiniP1[0.2/3.1]? Uncertainty in vsiniP1km/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullabler_vsiniP1Reference for vsiniP1 (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharvsiniP2[5.9/15.6]? Second value of previous rotational broadeningkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vsiniP2[0.8/1.5]? Uncertainty in vsiniP2km/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullabler_vsiniP2Reference for vsiniP2 (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharvsiniP3[11.4/15]? Third value of previous rotational broadeningkm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablee_vsiniP3[0.7/1]? Uncertainty in vsiniP3km/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullabler_vsiniP3Reference for vsiniP3 (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main