J/AJ/154/69ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/154/69doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51540069CDSShkolnik E.L.Allers K.N.Kraus A.L.Liu M.C.Flagg L.2018-09-19T06:56:53Z2018-08-02T07:19:58ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersmultiple-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyphotometrystellar-spectral-typesradial-velocityline-intensitiesWe confirm 66 low-mass stellar and brown dwarf systems (K7-M9) plus 19 visual or spectroscopic companions of the {beta} Pictoris moving group (BPMG). Of these, 41 are new discoveries, increasing the known low-mass members by 45%. We also add four objects to the 14 known with masses predicted to be less than 0.07 M_{sun}_. Our efficient photometric + kinematic selection process identified 104 low-mass candidates, which we observed with ground-based spectroscopy. We collected infrared observations of the latest spectral types (>M5) to search for low-gravity objects. These and all <M5 candidates were observed with high-resolution optical spectrographs to measure the radial velocities and youth indicators, such as lithium absorption and H{alpha} emission, needed to confirm BPMG membership, achieving a 63% confirmation rate. We also compiled the most complete census of BPMG membership, with which we tested the efficiency and false-membership assignments using our selection and confirmation criteria. Using the new census, we assess a group age of 22+/-6 Myr, consistent with past estimates. With the now-densely sampled lithium depletion boundary, we resolve the broadening of the boundary by either an age spread or astrophysical influences on lithium-burning rates. We find that 69% of the now-known members with AFGKM primaries are M stars, nearing the expected value of 75%. However, the new initial mass function for the BPMG shows a deficit of 0.2-0.3 M_{sun}_ stars by a factor of ~2. We expect that the AFGK census of the BPMG is also incomplete, probably due to biases of searches toward the nearest stars.2017AJ....154...69Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/154/69CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/21 : General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities (Wilson, 1953)III/133 : Michigan Catalogue of HD stars, Vol.4 (Houk+, 1988)V/73 : Emission-Line Stars of the Orion Population (Herbig+ 1988)I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)I/284 : The USNO-B1.0 Catalog (Monet+ 2003)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)B/denis : The DENIS database (DENIS Consortium, 2005)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)I/315 : UCAC3 Catalogue (Zacharias+ 2009)V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)III/272 : RAVE 4th data release (Kordopatis+, 2013)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)J/ApJ/300/779 : High-latitude H-alpha emission stars (Stephenson+, 1986)J/MNRAS/328/45 : Late-type stars members of young groups (Montes+, 2001)J/AJ/123/3356 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey. III.J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Associations Containing Young starsJ/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006)J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2825 : Star beyond the NLTT catalog (Reid+, 2007)J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)J/A+A/508/833 : SACY III. Li abundances (da Silva+, 2009)J/ApJ/699/649 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. I. (Shkolnik+, 2009)J/A+A/514/A97 : High-resolution spectra of Late-type starsJ/AJ/140/119 : {beta}Pic and AB Dor moving groups membersJ/A+A/542/A18 : {beta}Pic Harps radial velocity data (Lagrange+, 2012)J/AJ/143/80 : R Low-mass stars of beta Pic and AB Dor groupsJ/AJ/143/134 : Candidate members of {beta} Pic / AB Dor groupsJ/AJ/144/8 : Spectroscopy of ~100 G/K/M-type Sco-Cen complex membersJ/ApJ/749/15 : The Kepler-20 planetary system (Gautier+, 2012)J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. KinematicsJ/AJ/145/102 : Spectroscopy of bright M dwarfs in the northern skyJ/ApJ/762/88 : Young stellar kinematic group candidate membersJ/A+A/568/A26 : SACY. V. Multiple systems (Elliott+, 2014)J/AJ/147/85 : Solar neighborhood. XXXIII. 45 M dwarfs (Riedel+, 2014)J/AJ/147/146 : Spectroscopy of Tuc-Hor candidate members (Kraus+, 2014)J/ApJ/788/81 : BANYAN III. RVel and rotation of low-mass starsJ/ApJS/214/17 : Orbital monitoring of AstraLux binaries (Janson+, 2014)J/MNRAS/443/2561 : CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014)J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. IJ/A+A/583/A85 : Binaries in beta Pic moving groupJ/ApJ/798/73 : BANYAN All-Sky Survey (BASS) catalog. V. Nearby YMGsJ/ApJS/219/33 : BANYAN. VII. Candidate YMG members from BASSJ/other/Sci/350.64 : 51 Eri b near-infrared spectrum (Macintosh+, 2015)J/A+A/590/A13 : New candidate members in young associationsJ/ApJS/225/10 : Kinematic analysis of M7-L8 dwarfs (Faherty+, 2016)J/A+A/600/A83 : Photometry of beta Pic members (Messina+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/154/69https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/154/69http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/154/69https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/154/69https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/154/69http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/154/69GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/154/69/table1 (Selection Criteria and Observations of Candidate BPMG Members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/154/69/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/154/69/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/154/69/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.5242058-32.76662250.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/154/69/table4 (Known Members from the Literature + New Members from This Work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/154/69/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/154/69/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/154/69/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.7086939-23.10754110.0055555555555555566/129 483 518 622 674 722 765 850 940 1245 1738 2048 2743 4468 5677 12756 12844 12922 13157 13168 13450 13455 13714 14378 14392 14393 14488 14537 14559 14731 14957 15903 16045 16455 16458 16514 16606 16719 16747 16854 16993 16997 17268 17288 17352 17602 17604 17606 17607 17744 17786 17887 18121 18166 18344 18718 18760 18762 19144 19175 19382 19777 19877 19888 20074 20257 20282 20602 20618 20940 21051 21202 21386 22691 22773 22857 22942 22950 22964 23014 23028 23112 23212 23388 23496 23509 23731 24102 24121 25745 28395 28746 28784 28929 28955 28993 29052 29187 29357 29519 29814 31850 32115 32131 32830 33110 33449 33716 33850 34054 34538 34645 34961 35147 35387 35447 35887 35924 36129 36466 36543 36789 36833 36909 36948 37419 37769 38054 38970 41295 41538 41798 42096 42176 42242 42252 42272 42483 42910 43372 44056 44751 45238 45351 45475 45576 45746 46236 46921 46922 46954 47120 47121 47205 47207 47242 47249 47273 47287 47345 47472 47486 47579 47591 47610 47626 47652 47737 47777 47823 47863 47911 47941 47943 47979 48038 48061 48064 48124 48263 48274 48318 48325 48349 48361 48553 48569 48643 48648 48651 48672 48676 489057.952274030004205e-20 1.0188844282367877e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/154/69?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/154/69/table1Selection Criteria and Observations of Candidate BPMG MembersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharRmag[8.85/19.59]? USNO-B1.0 R-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableKsmag[5.77/12.71] K_s_-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatpmRA[-81.9/137.9] Proper motion along RA (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-152.8/102.6] Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pm[0.9/21] Uncertainty in proper motionmas/yrstat.errorfloatSpTypeSpectral type measured from the SED fitting process described by Kraus et al. (2014, J/AJ/147/146)src.spTypechare_SpType[0.1/1.2] Uncertainty in SpTypestat.error;src.spTypefloatn_SpType[bd] Note on SpType (1)meta.notecharMbol[8.36/15.9] Bolometric magnitudemagphys.magAbs.bolfloate_Mbol[0.01/0.09] Uncertainty in Mbolmagstat.errorfloatDMphot[-0.28/3.14] Spectrophotometric distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloate_DMphot[0.05/0.77] Uncertainty in DMphotmagstat.errorfloatDPM[0.3/33.6] Difference in proper motion {Delta}_PM_ (2)mas/yrpos.pm;arith.difffloatDMkin[2.1/4.5] Kinematic distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloatSpecIR[SXD-] Instrument used for the infrared spectroscopy (3)meta.id;instrcharn_SpecIR[c] Note on SpecIR (4)meta.notecharSpecOptInstrument used for the optical spectroscopy (Magellan/MIKE or Keck/HIRES)meta.id;instrcharDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/154/69/table2NIR Spectroscopy LogrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableSlit[0.3/0.8] Slit widtharcsecspect.line.widthfloat(sec)z[1.01/2.23] Airmassobs.airMassfloatNexp[4/16] Number of exposuremeta.numberintTime[15/120] Time of exposurestime.epochfloatS/N(J)[19/301] Signal-to-noise ratio in J-bandmeta.noteintS/N(H)[24/312] Signal-to-noise ratio in H-bandmeta.noteintS/N(K)[21/296] Signal-to-noise ratio K-bandmeta.noteintl_SpType[<] Limit flag on SpTypemeta.code.error;src.spTypecharSpTypeNIR spectral type (1)src.spTypecharGTypeGravity type (FLD-G, INT-G or VL-G) (G1)src.classcharJ/AJ/154/69/table3Results of Optical Spectroscopy and Membership AssessmentsEW(Ha)[-34.14/1.77]? H{alpha} equivalent width ({AA}) (7)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.HalphafloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectroscopic spectral typesrc.spTypecharn_SpType[*] Note on SpType (1)meta.notecharSpecSource of spectral type (IR or Optical spectroscopy)meta.codecharr_SpTypeReference for SpType (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharRV[-35.12/261.02]? Radial velocity (3)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV[0.16/5.21]? Uncertainty in RVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablen_RV[l] Note on RV (4)meta.notecharDRV[-28.32/243.7]? Radial velocity difference {Delta}RV=RV_obs_-RV_kin_km/sspect.dopplerVeloc;arith.difffloatnullableMembMembership status (5)meta.code.membercharr_MembReference(s) for Memb (6)meta.ref;pos.framecharl_EW(Li)[<] Limit flag on EW(Li)meta.code.errorcharEW(Li)[0.05/1.34]? Li equivalent width ({AA}) (7)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablen_EW(Li)[l] Note on EW(Li) (4)meta.notecharn_EW(Ha)[l] Note on EW(Ha) (4)meta.notecharU[-70.4/13.1]? U space velocity (8)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableV[-223.4/17.8]? V space velocity (8)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullableW[-139.7/-0.9]? W space velocity (8)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullableX[-56.7/65.8]? X coordinate (8)pcpos.cartesian.x;pos.galacticfloatnullableY[-37.9/57.6]? Y coordinate (8)pcpos.cartesian.y;pos.galacticfloatnullableZ[-54.5/39.1]? Z coordinate (8)pcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticfloatnullableMmRVMembership assessment of the RV (G2)meta.code.membercharMmHaMembership assessment of the H{alpha} emission (G2)meta.code.membercharMmLiMembership assessment of the Li absorption (G2)meta.code.membercharBPMG{beta} Pictoris moving group (BPMG) member? (G2)meta.code.membercharn_BPMG[hij] Note on BPMG (9)meta.notecharRefReference(s) (10)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/AJ/154/69/table4Known Members from the Literature + New Members from This WorkSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharn_2MASS[KN] Known (K) or new (N) member of the {beta} Pictoris moving group (BPMG)meta.notecharONameOther namemeta.idcharr_2MASS[1/69] Reference for 2MASS (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintr_SpType[1/69]? Reference for SpType (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableEW(Ha)[-73.6/3.9]? H{alpha} equivalent width ({AA})0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.Halphafloatnullabler_EW(Ha)[7/69]? Reference for EW(Ha) (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullablel_EW(Li)[<] Limit flag on EW(Li)meta.code.errorcharEW(Li)[-39/920]? Li equivalent width ({AA})0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthintnullabler_EW(Li)[2/69]? Reference for EW(Li) (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableRV[-25.6/23.5]? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV[0/10]? Uncertainty in RVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullabler_RV[1/69]? Reference for RV (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableGTypeGravity type (FLD-G, INT-G or VL-G) (G1)src.classcharr_GType[4/69]? Reference for GType (1)meta.noteintnullableplx[10.1/102.1]? Parallaxe {pi}maspos.parallax.trigfloatnullablee_plx[0.1/5]? Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullabler_plx[17/67]? Reference for plx (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableMmRVMembership assessment of the RV (G2) (2)meta.code.membercharMmHaMembership assessment of the H{alpha} emission (G2) (2)meta.code.membercharMmLiMembership assessment of the Li absorption (G2) (2)meta.code.membercharBPMGBPMG member? (G2) (2)meta.code.membercharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main