J/AJ/153/191ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/191doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51530191CDSSouthworth J.Mancini L.Madhusudhan N.Molliere P.Ciceri S.,Henning T.2018-05-11T12:16:32Z2018-05-09T12:12:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starssolar-system-planetsinfrared-photometryDetecting the atmospheres of low-mass, low-temperature exoplanets is a high-priority goal on the path to ultimately detecting biosignatures in the atmospheres of habitable exoplanets. High-precision HST observations of several super-Earths with equilibrium temperatures below 1000K have to date all resulted in featureless transmission spectra, which have been suggested to be due to high-altitude clouds. We report the detection of an atmospheric feature in the atmosphere of a 1.6M_{Earth}_ exoplanet, GJ 1132 b, with an equilibrium temperature of ~600K and orbiting a nearby M dwarf. We present observations of nine transits of the planet obtained simultaneously in the griz and JHK passbands. We find an average radius of 1.43+/-0.16R_{Earth}_ for the planet, averaged over all the passbands, and a radius of 0.255+/-0.023R_{sun}_ for the star, both of which are significantly greater than previously found. The planet radius can be decomposed into a "surface radius" at ~1.375R_{Earth}_ overlaid by atmospheric features that increase the observed radius in the z and K bands. The z-band radius is 4{sigma} higher than the continuum, suggesting a strong detection of an atmosphere. We deploy a suite of tests to verify the reliability of the transmission spectrum, which are greatly helped by the existence of repeat observations. The large z-band transit depth indicates strong opacity from H_2_O and/or CH_4_ or a hitherto-unconsidered opacity. A surface radius of 1.375+/-0.16R_{Earth}_ allows for a wide range of interior compositions ranging from a nearly Earth-like rocky interior, with ~70% silicate and ~30% Fe, to a substantially H_2_O-rich water world.2017AJ....153..191Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/153/191CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/396/1023 : Transiting planetary system WASP-5 (Southworth+, 2009)J/MNRAS/399/287 : Transiting planetary system WASP-4 (Southworth+, 2009)J/ApJ/707/167 : Transiting planetary system WASP-18 (Southworth+, 2009)J/MNRAS/408/1680 : Transiting planetary system WASP-2 (Southworth+, 2010)J/A+A/527/A8 : Transiting planetary system WASP-7 (Southworth+, 2011)J/MNRAS/420/2580 : Four transits of HAT-P-13 (Southworth+, 2012)J/MNRAS/422/3099 : Transits of HAT-P-5 (Southworth+, 2012)J/MNRAS/426/1338 : Transiting planetary system WASP-17 (Southworth+, 2012)J/MNRAS/434/1300 : Planetary systems WASP-15, WASP-16 (Southworth+, 2013)J/MNRAS/444/776 : WASP-24, WASP-25 and WASP-26 (Southworth+, 2014)J/MNRAS/447/711 : Transiting planetary system WASP-103 (Southworth+, 2015)J/MNRAS/454/3094 : Transiting planetary system WASP-57 (Southworth+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/191https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/191http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/191https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/191https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/191http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/191GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/153/191/gj1132Photometry of GJ 1132recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFilt[grizJHK] Filter used for the observationinstr.setup;instr.filtercharBJDBarycentric JD for the midpoint of observation (TDB)dtime.epochdoubledmagDifferential magnitude in that filtermagphot.mag;arith.diffdoublee_dmagMeasurement error of the differential magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magdouble