J/AJ/153/165ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/165doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51530165CDSTheissen C.A.West A.A.2019-01-28T06:35:11Z2017-04-05T11:46:45ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frastronomical-modelsdwarf-starsm-starsline-intensitieseffective-temperatureinfrared-photometryWe present the results of an investigation into the occurrence and properties (stellar age and mass trends) of low- mass field stars exhibiting extreme mid-infrared (MIR) excesses (LIR/L*~>~0.01). Stars for the analysis were initially selected from the Motion Verified Red Stars (MoVeRS) catalog of photometric stars with Sloan Digital Sky Survey, 2MASS, and WISE photometry and significant proper motions. We identify 584 stars exhibiting extreme MIR excesses, selected based on an empirical relationship for main-sequence W1-W3 colors. For a small subset of the sample, we show, using spectroscopic tracers of stellar age (H{alpha} and LiI) and luminosity class, that the parent sample is most likely comprised of field dwarfs (>1Gyr). We also develop the Low-mass Kinematics (LoKi) galactic model to estimate the completeness of the extreme MIR excess sample. Using Galactic height as a proxy for stellar age, the completeness-corrected analysis indicates a distinct age dependence for field stars exhibiting extreme MIR excesses. We also find a trend with stellar mass (using r-z color as a proxy). Our findings are consistent with the detected extreme MIR excesses originating from dust created in a short-lived collisional cascade (<100000-years) during a giant impact between two large planetismals or terrestrial planets. These stars with extreme MIR excesses also provide support for planetary collisions being the dominant mechanism in creating the observed Kepler dichotomy (the need for more than a single mode, typically two, to explain the variety of planetary system architectures Kepler has observed), rather than different formation mechanisms.2017AJ....153..165Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/153/165CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)J/AJ/151/41 : Motion Verified Red Stars (MoVeRS) (Theissen+, 2016)http://www.sdss3.org/dr10 : SDSS DR10 Home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/165https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/165http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/165https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/165https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/165http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/165GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/153/165/table4 (Extreme MIR Excess Candidates Catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/165/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/165/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/165/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true64.589251110.182913890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/153/165/fig10 (List of 2MASS source with spectra)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/165/fig10?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/165/fig10?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/165/fig10?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true213.19351222215.0312661110.0055555555555555565/2908 6/45 121 255 337 396 422 424 554 610 668 691 713 761 970 2100 2111 2140 2141 2166 2199 2240 2246 2280 2594 2668 2706 4133 4142 4181 4185 4284 4320 4372 4393 4481 4518 4597 4825 4828 4841 4860 4875 4890 4922 4937 4992 5027 5058 5117 5156 5191 5267 5289 5353 5368 5383 5390 5459 5491 5492 5523 5533 5586 5604 5613 5662 5680 5768 5793 5812 5843 5853 5860 5874 5878 5988 6025 6032 6086 6132 6137 6213 6214 6235 6242 6374 6385 6537 6544 6628 6633 6642 6913 7182 7206 7216 7244 7248 7261 7279 7320 7375 7428 7468 7484 7488 7496 7509 7543 7552 7576 7645 7647 7669 8214 8216 8226 8246 8305 8317 8318 8395 8424 8476 8481 8506 8510 8555 8567 8587 8589 8604 8606 8607 8650 8663 8670 8693 8752 8754 8774 8801 8861 8891 8894 8906 8910 8949 8957 8960 8990 9000 9001 9004 9009 9048 9065 9066 9095 9096 9099 9108 9132 9136 9180 9219 9247 9254 9276 9286 9298 9318 9326 9381 9434 9452 9461 9466 9468 9484 9522 9530 9552 9567 9593 9644 9684 9686 9694 9716 9736 9748 9749 9751 9775 9779 9789 9796 9807 9847 9859 9860 9863 9921 9959 9963 9975 9981 9983 9990 9996 10001 10022 10046 10061 10070 10086 10094 10097 10108 10119 10159 10170 10185 10209 10213 10214 10220 10221 10224 10238 10270 10298 10432 10480 10497 10502 10555 10566 10585 10590 10596 10597 10614 10632 10633 10656 10664 10667 10698 10702 10739 10741 10788 10918 10961 10981 11025 11056 11068 11088 11090 11117 11131 11135 11147 11151 11179 11199 11214 11215 11221 11224 11241 11242 11261 11282 11287 11291 11305 11309 11311 11330 11344 11345 11349 11369 11375 11382 11386 11397 11414 11422 11456 11495 11496 11498 11500 11558 11561 11565 11567 11599 11646 11652 11655 11683 11736 11737 11738 11771 11775 11803 11830 11834 11846 11909 11910 11970 12109 12110 12119 12122 12123 12384 12436 12612 12650 12677 12680 12708 12709 12742 12744 12766 13328 13346 13348 13371 13388 13404 13418 13436 13513 13520 13581 13583 13584 14993 15003 15038 16004 16007 16009 16127 16278 16291 16292 16295 16304 17245 17297 17299 17320 17535 17603 17658 17780 17799 17821 17839 17854 17897 17934 18005 18105 18133 18155 18162 18218 18246 18247 18279 18288 18309 18380 18417 18538 18597 18620 18645 18660 18703 18787 18833 18902 18933 19002 19024 19066 19197 19232 19246 19253 19283 19287 19320 19321 19386 19387 19396 19485 19515 19517 19540 19544 19555 19612 19619 19638 19674 19681 19735 19753 19783 19841 19905 19912 19935 19983 20103 20129 20152 20197 20240 20245 20246 20364 20396 20439 20440 20464 23076 23132 23277 23395 23404 24877 24907 24938 25033 25718 25910 25918 25926 25933 25939 25946 25957 25968 25999 26003 26008 26050 26070 26143 26172 26222 26275 26287 26294 26380 26421 26440 26482 26532 26543 26583 26613 27019 27224 27253 27269 27279 27300 27319 27320 27377 27432 27465 27483 27510 27557 27564 27822 27836 27894 27917 27947 27958 28006 28016 28054 28068 28138 28150 28244 28247 28256 28319 28320 28353 28377 28391 28442 28483 28506 28520 28580 28662 31023 31151 31301 31302 31384 31387 31397 31398 31401 31403 31427 31545 32292 32297 32401 32422 32432 32434 32462 32486 32509 32551 32675 36579 36602 36771 36784 36837 36841 40943 40951 44014 44397 44654 44751 45048 45054 48928 49011 491228.157980699529898e-21 6.090060298487514e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/153/165?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/153/165/table4Extreme MIR Excess Candidates CatalogSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharW4SNR[-4.4/54.8]? WISE W4-band SNR (W4SNR)stat.snrfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintobjIDSDSS DR10 Object ID (SDSS_OBJID)meta.id;meta.mainRAJ2000SDSS Right ascension (J2000.0) (SDSS_RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000SDSS Declination (J2000.0) (SDSS_DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainumagSDSS u-band PSF magnitude (UMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloate_umagSDSS u-band PSF magnitude error (UMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.UdoubleAuSDSS u-band PSF extinction (UMAG_EXT)magphys.absorption;em.opt.Ufloatumag0SDSS u-band PSF unredenned magnitude (UMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.opt.UfloatgmagSDSS g-band PSF magnitude (GMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmagSDSS g-band PSF magnitude error (GMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatAgSDSS g-band PSF extinction (GMAG_EXT)magphys.absorption;em.opt.Bfloatgmag0SDSS g-band PSF unredenned magnitude (GMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatrmagSDSS r-band PSF magnitude (RMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmagSDSS r-band PSF magnitude error (RMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatArSDSS r-band PSF extinction (RMAG_EXT)magphys.absorption;em.opt.Rfloatrmag0SDSS r-band PSF unredenned magnitude (RMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatimagSDSS i-band PSF magnitude (IMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imagSDSS i-band PSF magnitude error (IMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatAiSDSS i-band PSF extinction (IMAG_EXT)magphys.absorption;em.opt.Ifloatimag0SDSS i-band PSF unredenned magnitude (IMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatzmagSDSS z-band PSF magnitude (ZMAG)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmagSDSS z-band PSF magnitude error (ZMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatAzSDSS z-band PSF extinction (ZMAG_EXT)magphys.absorption;em.opt.Ifloatzmag0SDSS z-band PSF unredenned magnitude (ZMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatJmag2MASS J-band PSF magnitude (JMAG)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag? 2MASS J-band PSF corrected magnitude uncertainty (JMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublenullables_Jmag? 2MASS J-band PSF total magnitude uncertainty (JMAG_ERRTOT)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JdoublenullableJSNR[2.6/10905.1]? 2MASS J-band SNR (JSNR)stat.snrfloatnullableJchi? 2MASS J-band chi2 PSF fit (J_PSFCHI)stat.fit.chi2doublenullableAJ2MASS J-band PSF extinction (JMAG_EXT)magphys.absorption;em.IR.JfloatJmag02MASS J-band PSF unredenned magnitude (JMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatHmag2MASS H-band PSF magnitude (HMAG)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_Hmag? 2MASS H-band PSF corrected magnitude uncertainty (HMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Hdoublenullables_Hmag? 2MASS H-band PSF total magnitude uncertainty (HMAG_ERRTOT)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HdoublenullableHSNR[2.4/21632.7]? 2MASS H-band SNR (HSNR)stat.snrfloatnullableHchi? 2MASS H-band chi2 PSF fit (H_PSFCHI)stat.fit.chi2doublenullableAH2MASS H-band PSF extinction (HMAG_EXT)magphys.absorptionfloatHmag02MASS H-band PSF unredenned magnitude (HMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatKmag2MASS K-band PSF magnitude (KMAG)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Kmag? 2MASS K-band PSF corrected magnitude uncertainty (KMAG_ERR)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullables_Kmag? 2MASS K-band PSF total magnitude uncertainty (KMAG_ERRTOT)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KdoublenullableKSNR[2.1/27594.3]? 2MASS K-band SNR (KSNR)stat.snrfloatnullableKchi? 2MASS K-band chi2 PSF fit (K_PSFCHI)stat.fit.chi2doublenullableAK2MASS K-band PSF extinction (KMAG_EXT)magphys.absorptionfloatKmag02MASS K-band PSF unredenned magnitude (KMAG_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatQ22MASS photometric quality flag (2MASS_PH_QUAL)meta.code.qual;photcharf2r2MASS read flag (2MASS_RD_FLG)meta.codecharf2b2MASS blend flag (2MASS_BL_FLG)meta.codecharf2c2MASS contamination and confusion flag (2MASS_CC_FLG)meta.codecharf2e[0/2] 2MASS extended source contamination flag (2MASS_GAL_CONTAM)meta.codeintW1magWISE W1-band PSF magnitude (W1MPRO)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag? WISE W1-band PSF magnitude error (W1SIGMPRO)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableW1SNR[1.7/51.8]? WISE W1-band SNR (W1SNR)stat.snrfloatnullableW1chi[0.08/61.91] WISE W1 reduced chi2 PSF fit (W1RCHI2)stat.fit.chi2doubleAW1WISE W1-band PSF extinction (W1MPRO_EXT)magphys.absorptionfloatW1mag0WISE W1-band PSF unredenned magnitude (W1MPRO_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatW2magWISE W2-band PSF magnitude (W2MPRO)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_W2mag? WISE W2-band PSF magnitude error (W2SIGMPRO)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableW2SNR[-0.4/57.2] WISE W2-band SNR (W2SNR)stat.snrfloatW2chi[0.19/33.1] WISE W2 reduced chi2 PSF fit (W2RCHI2)stat.fit.chi2doubleAW2WISE W2-band PSF extinction (W2MPRO_EXT)magphys.absorptionfloatW2mag0WISE W2-band PSF unredenned magnitude (W2MPRO_UNRED)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatW3mag? WISE W3-band PSF magnitude (W3MPRO)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_W3mag? WISE W3-band PSF magnitude error (W3SIGMPRO)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableW3SNR[-14/83.4]? WISE W3-band SNR (W3SNR)stat.snrfloatnullableW3chi[0.5/3630]? WISE W3 reduced chi2 PSF fit (W3RCHI2)stat.fit.chi2floatnullableAW3WISE W3-band PSF extinction (W3MPRO_EXT)magphys.absorptionfloatW3mag0? WISE W3-band PSF unredenned magnitude (W3MPRO_UNRED)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullableW4mag? WISE W4-band PSF magnitude (W4MPRO)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_W4mag? WISE W4-band PSF magnitude error (W4SIGMPRO)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableW4chi[0.5/2459]? WISE W4 reduced chi2 PSF fit (W4RCHI2)stat.fit.chi2floatnullableAW4WISE W4-band PSF extinction (W4MPRO_EXT)magphys.absorptionfloatW4mag0? WISE W4-band PSF unredenned magnitude (W4MPRO_UNRED)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablefWccWISE contamination and confusion flag (WISE_CC_FLG)meta.codecharfWeWISE extended source flag (WISE_EXT_FLG)meta.codeintfWvWISE variability flag (WISE_VAR_FLG)meta.code;src.varcharQWWISE photometric quality flag (WISE_PH_QUAL)meta.code.qual;photcharI1f? Spitzer IRAC CH1 flux (IRAC1_FLUX)uJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoublenullablee_I1f? Spitzer IRAC CH1 flux error (IRAC1_FLUX_ERR)uJystat.errordoublenullableI2f? Spitzer IRAC CH2 flux (IRAC2_FLUX)uJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_I2f? Spitzer IRAC CH2 flux error (IRAC2_FLUX_ERR)uJystat.errordoublenullableI3f? Spitzer IRAC CH3 flux (IRAC3_FLUX)uJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_I3f? Spitzer IRAC CH3 flux error (IRAC3_FLUX_ERR)uJystat.errordoublenullableI4f? Spitzer IRAC CH4 flux (IRAC4_FLUX)uJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_I4f? Spitzer IRAC CH4 flux error (IRAC4_FLUX_ERR)uJystat.errordoublenullableM1f? Spitzer MIPS CH1 flux (MIPS1_FLUX)uJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_M1f? Spitzer MIPS CH1 flux error (MIPS1_FLUX_ERR)uJystat.errordoublenullablepmRAProper motion in RA (proper units, i.e. pmRA*cos(DE) (PMRA)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDEProper motion in DE (PMDEC)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmRACombined error in proper motion in RA (PMRA_TOTERR)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmDECombined error in proper motion in DE (PMDEC_TOTERR)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublefl1fFull Sample flag (FULL)meta.codeintfl1cFull Sample flag (CLEAN)meta.codeintQual[1/2] Quality flag, 1=best (QUALITY) (1)meta.code.qual;meta.modelledintDistPhotometric parallax distance (DISTANCE) (2)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricdoubleZDistance from the Galactic plane (Z=0) (Z)pcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticdoublesigPSigmaPrime (SIMGAPRIME) (3)stat.errordoubleTempModeled temperature (TEMP)Kphys.temperature;meta.modelledfloatE_TempModeled temperature upper limit (TEMP_HIGH)Kstat.error;stat.maxfloate_TempModeled temperature lower limit (TEMP_LOW)Kstat.errorfloatloggModeled surface gravity (LOGG)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravity;meta.modelleddoubleE_loggModeled logg upper limit (LOGG_HIGH)log(cm.s**-2)stat.error;stat.maxdoublee_loggModeled logg lower limit (LOGG_LOW)log(cm.s**-2)stat.errordoublechi12Ratio of measured 12 micron flux to modeled 12 micron flux (CHI12)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublechi22? Ratio of measured 12 micron flux to modeled 12 micron flux (CHI22)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublenullableLirFractional IR luminosity (FRACTIONAL_LUMINOSITY)phys.luminosity;arith.ratiodoubleRdDust radius (DUST_DISTANCE)AUphys.size.radiusdoubleMdDust mass, in moon mass unit (DUST_MASS)phys.massdoubleTd? Disk temperature (DUST_TEMP)Kphys.temperatureintnullablee_Td? Disk temperature error (DUST_TEMP_ERR)Kstat.errorintnullableSloanDisplay the online SDSS data for this starmeta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/153/165/fig10List of 2MASS source with spectrarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right Ascension J2000pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination J2000pos.eq.dec;meta.main2MASS2MASS designation (JHHMMSSss+DDmmsss)meta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharRVelRadial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintspShow the spectrummeta.ref.urlcharFileNameName of file with spectrum in subdirectory spmeta.id;meta.filechar