J/AJ/153/115ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/115doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51530115CDSSilva K.M.Flagey N.Noriega-Crespo A.Carey S.Ingallinera A.2018-06-19T08:47:05Z2018-05-14T09:08:53ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-planesmilky-way-galaxylate-type-starsearly-type-starsgiant-starssupergiant-starsinfrared-photometrystellar-spectral-typesstellar-distanceextinctionstellar-radiiWe present Very Large Telescope/Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared H- and K-band spectra of potential central stars within the inner 8"-by-8" regions of 55 MIPSGAL "bubbles" (MBs), sub-arcminute circumstellar shells discovered in the mid-IR survey of the Galactic plane with Spitzer/MIPS. At magnitudes brighter than 15, we detect a total of 230 stars in the K band and 179 stars in the H band. We spectrally identify 145 stars in all but three MBs, with average magnitudes of 13.8 and 12.7 respectively, using spectral libraries and previous studies of near-IR stellar spectra. We also use tabulated intrinsic stellar magnitudes and colors to derive distances and extinction values, and to better constrain the classifications of the stars. We reliably identify the central sources for 21 of the 55 MBs, which we classify as follows: one Wolf-Rayet, three luminous blue variable candidates, four early-type (O to F), and 15 late-type (G to M) stars. The 21 central sources are, on average, one magnitude fainter than these in the most recent study of MBs, and we notice a significant drop in the fraction of massive star candidates. For the 34 remaining MBs in our sample, we are unable to identify the central sources due to confusion, low spectroscopic signal-to-noise ratio, and/or lack of detections in the images near the centers of the bubbles. We discuss how our findings compare with previous studies and support the trend, for the most part, between the shells' morphologies in the mid-IR and central sources spectral types.2017AJ....153..115Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/153/115CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/ApJ/508/397 : H-band Spectral Standards (Meyer+ 1998)J/ApJ/670/428 : Bubbles in the galactic disk. II. (Churchwell+, 2007)J/ApJ/671/781 : Red supergiants in Sct-Cru Galactic arm (Davies+, 2007)J/AJ/139/1542 : A catalog of MIPSGAL disk and ring sources (Mizuno+, 2010)J/AJ/149/64 : MIPSGAL 24{mu}m point source catalog (Gutermuth+, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/115https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/115http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/153/115https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/115https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/115http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/153/115GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/153/115/table2 (Late-type Star Results)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/115/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/115/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/115/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true273.3842-16.74340.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/153/115/table1 (Summary of the VLT/SINFONI Observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/115/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/115/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/153/115/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true273.3858-16.74310.0055555555555555565/7204 6/28812 28815 28824 28826 28828 28830 28848 28852 28853 28854 28860 28872 28874 28876 28891 28896 28898 28899 28900 28901 28902 28907 28909 28913 28919 28921 28924 29114 29115 29119 29460 29461 29506 29528 30245 30268 41803 42393https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/153/115?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/153/115/table2Late-type Star ResultsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject identifier (mbNNNN-NN)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) (1)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000) (1)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainEWCOa[-0.7/31.8] CO feature at 2.27{mu}m equivalent width ({AA}) (2)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.COfloatEWCOb[10/61.6] CO feature at 2.27{mu}m equivalent width ({AA}) (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.COfloatSGTypeaSupergiant spectral type (2)src.spTypecharSGDista[15.9/396.6]? Supergiant distance (2)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableSGAva[-5.9/13.2]? Supergiant visual extinction (2)magphys.absorptionfloatnullableSGTypebSupergiant spectral type (3)src.spTypecharSGDistb[27.4/466.3]? Supergiant distance (3)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableSGAvb[-6.1/13.2]? Supergiant visual extinction (3)magphys.absorptionfloatnullableGTypeaGiant spectral type (2)src.spTypecharf_GTypea[b] Flag on GTypea (4)meta.codecharGDista[2.6/95.9]? Giant distance (2)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablef_GDista[b] Flag on GDista (4)meta.codecharGAva[-6.7/13.1]? Giant visual extinction (2)magphys.absorptionfloatnullablef_GAva[b] Flag on GAva (4)meta.codecharGTypebGiant spectral type (3)src.spTypecharf_GTypeb[b] Flag on GTypeb (4)meta.codecharGDistb[3.7/178.1]? Giant distance (3)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablef_GDistb[b] Flag on GDistb (4)meta.codecharGAvb[-0.3/13.2]? Giant visual extinction (3)magphys.absorptionfloatnullablef_GAvb[b] Flag on GAvb (4)meta.codecharJ/AJ/153/115/table3Early-type Star Results, Assuming Giantsf_A0IIIDist[b] Flag on A0IIIDist (G1)meta.codecharf_G0IIIAv[b] Flag on G0IIIAv (1)meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject identifier (mbNNNN-NN)meta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral type derived from comparison with Meyer et al. (1998, J/ApJ/508/397)src.spTypecharO5IIIDist[8.7/122.9] Distance with spectral type O5III (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_O5IIIDist[b] Flag on O5IIIDist (G1)meta.codecharO5IIIAv[-0.3/11.9] Visual extinction with spectral type O5III (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_O5IIIAv[b] Flag on O5IIIAv (G1)meta.codecharB1IIIDist[2.4/34.6] Distance with spectral type B1III (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_B1IIIDist[b] Flag on B1IIIDist (G1)meta.codecharB1IIIAv[0.8/13.1] Visual extinction with spectral type B1III (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_B1IIIAv[b] Flag on B1IIIAv (G1)meta.codecharA0IIIDist[0.5/7.7] Distance with spectral type A0III (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatA0IIIAv[0.4/12.6] Visual extinction with spectral type A0III (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_A0IIIAv[b] Flag on A0IIIAv (G1)meta.codecharF0IIIDist[0.4/6.3] Distance with spectral type F0III (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_F0IIIDist[b] Flag on F0IIIDist (G1)meta.codecharF0IIIAv[0.3/12.5] Visual extinction with spectral type F0III (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_F0IIIAv[b] Flag on F0IIIAv (G1)meta.codecharG0IIIDist[0.4/6.4] Distance with spectral type G0III (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_G0IIIDist[b] Flag on G0IIIDist (1)meta.codecharG0IIIAv[0.1/12.4] Visual extinction with spectral type G0III (1)magphys.absorptionfloatJ/AJ/153/115/table4Early-type Star Results, Assuming SupergiantsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject identifier (mbNNNN-NN)meta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral type derived from comparison with Meyer et al. (1998, J/ApJ/508/397)src.spTypecharO5IDist[10.8/153.3] Distance with spectral type O5I (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_O5IDist[b] Flag on O5IDist (G1)meta.codecharO5IAv[-0.3/11.9] Visual extinction with spectral type O5I (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_O5IAv[b] Flag on O5IAv (G1)meta.codecharB1IDist[8.3/117.8] Distance with spectral type B1I (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_B1IDist[b] Flag on B1IDist (G1)meta.codecharB1IAv[0.7/12.9] Visual extinction with spectral type B1I (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_B1IAv[b] Flag on B1IAv (G1)meta.codecharA0IDist[11.4/161.2] Distance with spectral type A0I (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_A0IDist[b] Flag on A0IDist (G1)meta.codecharA0IAv[0.4/12.7] Visual extinction with spectral type A0I (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_A0IAv[b] Flag on A0IAv (G1)meta.codecharF0IDist[15.2/215.5] Distance with spectral type F0I (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatf_F0IDist[b] Flag on F0IDist (G1)meta.codecharF0IAv[0.1/12.4] Visual extinction with spectral type F0I (1)magphys.absorptionfloatf_F0IAv[b] Flag on F0IAv (G1)meta.codecharG0IDist[22.2/314.9] Distance with spectral type G0I (1)kpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatG0IAv[-0.3/12] Visual extinction with spectral type G0I (1)magphys.absorptionfloatJ/AJ/153/115/table6Central Objects of MIPSGAL BubblesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCat[ABCDE] MIPSGAL "bubble" (MB) category (1)meta.code.classcharIDTarget identifier (MBNNNN)meta.id;meta.maincharStar1[1/6]? First star numbermeta.idintnullableStar2[3/7]? Second star numbermeta.idintnullableStar3[8]? Third star numbermeta.idintnullableSpType1First spectral typesrc.spTypecharSpType2Second spectral typesrc.spTypecharDist1[2.6/31.8]? First distancekpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablef_Dist1[a] Flag on Dist1 (2)meta.codecharDist2[4.4/18.4]? Second distancekpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablef_Dist2[a] Flag on Dist2 (2)meta.codecharRad[11/44] Radius in arcsecondsarcsecphys.angSize;srcintRad1[0.24/3.85]? First radius in parsecspcphys.size.radiusfloatnullableRad2[0.43/1.7]? Second radius in parsecspcphys.size.radiusfloatnullableComCommentmeta.notecharJ/AJ/153/115/table1Summary of the VLT/SINFONI ObservationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDTarget identifier (MBNNNN)meta.id;meta.maincharIAUOfficial IAU name (MGE GLLL.llll+BB.bbbb in Simbad)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainNExpH[4/20] Number of exposure in H bandmeta.numberintExpH[7/60] H band exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposure;em.IR.HintNExpK[4/24] Number of exposure in K bandmeta.numberintExpK[7/60] K band exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposure;em.IR.KintHmag[9.5/16.5]? Depth of the H band exposure (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag[8.6/15]? Depth of the K band exposure (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableStarsData from central source(s) of this MIPSGAL bubble from tables 2-4meta.ref.urlchar