J/AJ/152/113ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/113doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51520113CDSRebull L.M.Stauffer J.R.Bouvier J.Cody A.M.Hillenbrand L.A.,Soderblom D.R.Valenti J.Barrado D.Bouy H.Ciardi D.,Pinsonneault M.Stassun K.Micela G.Aigrain S.Vrba F.Somers G.,Christiansen J.Gillen E.Collier Cameron A.2018-08-24T08:17:27Z2017-01-25T10:58:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersastronomical-object-identificationYoung (125Myr), populous (>1000 members), and relatively nearby, the Pleiades has provided an anchor for stellar angular momentum models for both younger and older stars. We used K2 to explore the distribution of rotation periods in the Pleiades. With more than 500 new periods for Pleiades members, we are vastly expanding the number of Pleiades with periods, particularly at the low-mass end. About 92% of the members in our sample have at least one measured spot-modulated rotation period. For the ~8% of the members without periods, non-astrophysical effects often dominate (saturation, etc.), such that periodic signals might have been detectable, all other things being equal. We now have an unusually complete view of the rotation distribution in the Pleiades. The relationship between P and (V-K_s_)_0_ follows the overall trends found in other Pleiades studies. There is a slowly rotating sequence for 1.1<~(V-K_s_)_0_<~3.7 and a primarily rapidly rotating population for (V-K_s_)_0_>~5.0. There is a region in which there seems to be a disorganized relationship between P and (V-K_s_)_0_ for 3.7<~(V-K_s_)_0_<~5.0. Paper II continues the discussion, focusing on multiperiod structures, and Paper III speculates about the origin and evolution of the period distribution in the Pleiades.2016AJ....152..113Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/152/113CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/281 : 2MASS 6X Point Source Working Database / Catalog (Cutri+ 2006)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/258 : Pleiades positions and proper motions (Wang+, 1996)II/131 : Tonantzintla Pleiades Flare Stars (Haro+ 1982)J/AJ/152/114 : Pleiades members with K2 LCs. II. (Rebull+, 2016)J/AJ/152/115 : Pleiades members with K2 LCs. III. (Stauffer+, 2016)J/ApJS/224/2 : K2 EPIC properties for 138600 targets (Huber+, 2016)J/A+A/579/A19 : K2 Variable Catalogue (Armstrong+, 2015)J/A+A/577/A148 : The Seven Sisters DANCe. I. Pleiades (Bouy+, 2015)J/AJ/148/30 : BVI photometry of 350 Pleiades stars (Kamai+, 2014)J/MNRAS/422/1495 : UKIDSS Galactic Clusters Survey Pleiades membersJ/MNRAS/408/475 : HATNet Pleiades Rotation Period Catalogue (Hartman+, 2010)J/A+A/416/125 : RI photometry in alpha Per and Pleiades (Deacon+, 2004)J/MNRAS/313/347 : Pleiades low-mass stars and brown dwarfs (Pinfield+, 2000)J/A+A/335/183 : Pleiades low-mass stars rotational vel. (Queloz+ 1998)J/A+A/332/575 : Pleiades member list (Belikov+ 1998)J/A+A/329/101 : Masses of Pleiades members (Raboud+ 1998)J/A+A/323/139 : K magnitude of Pleiades low-mass binaries (Bouvier+ 1997)J/A+A/299/696 : Pleiades field Membership probabilities (Schilbach+, 1995)J/other/PZ/23.141 : Flare stars in the Pleiades (Kazarovets 1993)J/ApJS/85/315 : F, G and K dwarf stars of the Pleiades (Soderblom+ 1993)J/A+AS/100/607 : Very low mass proper motion members in Pleiadeshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/152/113https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/152/113http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/152/113https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/152/113https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/152/113http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/152/113GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/152/113/table6 (Targets taken as non-members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table6?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table6?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table6?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true52.3670222.660080.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/152/113/table7 (Contents of online cross-identifications list)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true52.3670222.660080.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/152/113/table3 (Supporting data for Pleiades members not detected to be periodic in the K2 data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true52.764919.634750.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/152/113/table4 (Timescales)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true52.764919.634750.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/152/113/table5 (Targets that are too bright or too faint)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true53.1178522.468490.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/152/113/table2 (Periods and supporting data for periodic Pleiades members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/152/113/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true52.9576822.840230.0055555555555555564/28 29 5/91 94 120 6/319 355 358 359 361 363 370 371 380 381 382 405 407 409 412 413 415 437 439 484 485 486 496 194568.650015785639275e-20 9.710690472292815e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/152/113?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/152/113/table6Targets taken as non-membersONameOther identifiermeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEPICNumber in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) for K2 (1)meta.id;meta.mainlongNamePosition based name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag[10.45/20.41]? The V band magnitude (in Vega mag), if observed (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableKsmag[7.28/14.48] The 2MASS Ks (K-short) band magnitude (in Vega mag), if observed (G1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloat(V-K)0[1.3/7] Dereddened V-Ks, (V-K_s_)_0_, color index (directly observed, if V and K_s_ exist, or inferred) (G1)magphot.color;em.opt.V;em.IR.KfloatPer1[0.24/29.6]? Primary period we deriveddtime.periodfloatnullablePer2[0.24/5.1]? Other period or timescaledtime.periodfloatnullableJ/AJ/152/113/table7Contents of online cross-identifications listf_HCG[b] Flag "b" on HCG377meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEPICNumber in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) for K2meta.id;meta.mainlongprimaryNPIndicates a member star Not detected as Periodic (table3)meta.numberintnullablebIndicates an object too bright or too faint for our sample (table5)meta.numberintnullableNMIndicates a target taken as Non-Member (table6)meta.numberintnullablePIndicates a periodic member star (table2)meta.numberintnullabletIndicates an object which the light curve suggests a "timescale" (table4)meta.ref.urlcharNameMore common name used in the literaturemeta.idcharHIIIdentifier in HII catalog (Hertzsprung 1947AnLei..19A...1H)meta.id.crosscharHCG[5/516]? Identification number in HCG catalog (Haro, Chavira, and Gonzalez 1982, Cat. II/131; Kazarovets 1993, Cat. J/other/PZ/23.141)meta.id.crossintnullableK93Indicates a star in the catalog of Kazarovets 1993 (Cat. J/other/PZ/23.141)meta.numberintnullableHHJ[5/440]? Identification number in HHJ catalog (Hambly, Hawkins, and Jameson 1993, Cat. J/A+AS/100/607)meta.id.crossintnullablePELS[3/192]? Identification number in Pels catalog (van Leeuwen et al. 1986A&AS...65..309V)meta.id.crossintnullableDH[10/916]? Sequence number in DH catalog (Deacon & Hambly 2004, Cat. J/A+A/416/125)meta.id.crossintnullableSRS[12896/92992]? Identification number in SRS catalog (Schilbach, Robichon, Souchay, and Guibert 1995, Cat. J/A+A/299/696; Belikov et al. 1998, Cat. J/A+A/332/575)meta.id.crossintnullableS95Indicates a star in the catalog of Schilbach et al. 1995 (Cat. J/A+A/299/696)meta.numberintnullableB98Indicates a star in the catalog of Belikov et al. 1998 (Cat. J/A+A/332/575)meta.numberintnullableBPLIdentifier in BPL catalog (Pinfield et al. 2000, Cat. J/MNRAS/313/347)meta.id.crosscharn_BPLPossible other BPL identification numbermeta.notecharSK[13/778]? Identification number in SK catalog (Stauffer, Klemola et al. 1991AJ....101..980S)meta.id.crossintnullableTrIdentifier in Trumpler 1921PASP...33..214Tmeta.id.crosscharn_TrPossible other Tr identifiermeta.notecharWCZ[4/476]? Identification number in WCZ catalog (Wang, Chen, Zhao, and Jiang 1996, Cat. I/258)meta.id.crossintnullableSIMBADName used in Simbad as primary identifiermeta.idcharLodieuPosition-based identifier from catalog of Lodieu et al. 2012 (Cat. J/MNRAS/422/1495) (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, J2000)meta.id.crosscharDANCeDANCe survey identifier from Bouy et al. 2015 (Cat. J/A+A/577/A148) (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id.crosschar2MASSIdentifier in 2MASS All-sky point source catalog (Cat. II/246) (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs, J2000)meta.id.crosscharf_2MASS[tm6x] Flag on 2MASS (tm6x=6x 2MASS data, Cat. II/281)meta.codecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from Table 2, 3, 5, or 6 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from Table 2, 3, 5, or 6 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/152/113/table3Supporting data for Pleiades members not detected to be periodic in the K2 datarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEPICNumber in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) for K2meta.id;meta.mainlongf_EPIC[a] Flag if not recovered literature period (1)meta.codechartIndicates an object which the light curve suggests a "timescale" (table4)meta.ref.urlcharNamePosition based name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainONameOther identifiermeta.idcharVmag[6.8/20.8]? The V-band magnitude (in Vega mag), if observed (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableKsmag[6.4/14.5] The 2MASS Ks (K-short) band magnitude (in Vega mag), if observed (G1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloat(V-K)0[-0.2/9.3] Dereddened V-Ks, (V-K_s_)_0_, color index (directly observed, if V and K_s_ exist, or inferred) (G1)magphot.color;em.opt.V;em.IR.KfloatMmPleiades membership indicator (best or ok) (G2)meta.code.member;instr.setupcharPapIIIIndicates a Pleiades star in Paper III (Stauffer et al. 2016, Cat. J/AJ/152/115)meta.numberintnullableJ/AJ/152/113/table4TimescalesNoteAdditional commentsmeta.notecharONameOther identifiermeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEPICNumber in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) for K2 (1)meta.id;meta.mainlongbIndicates an object too bright or too faint for our sample (table5)meta.ref.urlcharNamePosition based name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainf_tau1[~] Approximate flag on tau1meta.codechartau1[5.2/35]? Repeating pattern timescaledtime.scalefloatnullabletau2[30]? Upper value when timescale rangedtime.scaleintnullablen_tau2Note about the timescalemeta.notecharMmPleiades membership indicator (best, ok, or NM=non-member) (G2)meta.code.member;instr.setupcharPapIIIIndicates a Pleiades star in Paper III (Stauffer et al. 2016, Cat. J/AJ/152/115)meta.numberintnullableJ/AJ/152/113/table5Targets that are too bright or too faintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEPICNumber in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) for K2 (1)meta.id;meta.mainlongtIndicates an object which the light curve suggests a "timescale" (table4)meta.ref.urlcharNamePosition based name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainONameOther identifiermeta.idcharPer1[0.23/0.68]? Period, if detecteddtime.perioddoublenullablePer2[0.24/0.65]? Second period, if detecteddtime.perioddoublenullableMmPleiades membership indicator (best, ok, or NM=non-member) (G2)meta.code.member;instr.setupcharJ/AJ/152/113/table2Periods and supporting data for periodic Pleiades membersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEPICNumber in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) for K2 (1)meta.id;meta.mainlongNamePosition-based name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainONameOther identifiermeta.idcharVmag[6.7/20.8]? The V-band magnitude (in Vega mag), if observed (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableKsmag[6.2/14.5] The 2MASS Ks (K-short) band magnitude (in Vega mag), if observed (G1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloat(V-K)0[-0.2/7.2] Dereddened V-Ks, (V-K_s_)_0_, color index (directly observed, if V and K_s_ exist, or inferred) (vmk0) (G1)magphot.color;em.opt.V;em.IR.KfloatProt[0.035/22.2] Primary period, taken to be rotation period (P1) (2)dtime.periodfloatPer2[0.03/9.7]? Secondary period (P2) (3)dtime.periodfloatnullablePer3[0.036/6]? Tertiary period (P3) (3)dtime.periodfloatnullablePer4[0.03/11]? Quaternary period (P4) (3)dtime.periodfloatnullableAmp[0.001/0.6] Amplitude of the 10th to 90th percentile (ampl) (4)magphot.magfloatLCLight curve used as "best" (1, 2, 3, or 4) (5)meta.codeintMmPleiades membership indicator (best or ok) (G2)meta.code.member;instr.setupcharLPer[0.1/11.3]? Literature (rotation) period, if available (Plit) (6)dtime.periodfloatnullableH10Display the data from the HATNet Pleiades Rotation Period Catalogue of Hartman et al. 2010 (Cat. J/MNRAS/408/475) within 1.5''meta.ref.urlintnullablevsini[2.4/140]? Literature rotational velocity, if available (refer to Section 2.3.2 in the paper for details)km/sphys.veloc.rotatfloatnullablePapIIIIndicates a Pleiades star in Paper III (Stauffer et al. 2016, Cat. J/AJ/152/115)meta.numberintnullablePapIIIndicates a periodic Pleiades in Paper II (Rebull et al. 2016, Cat. J/AJ/152/114)meta.numberintnullableFigFigure (original light curve in units of flux, power spectrum, and phased light curve in relative flux for each viable period, for up to a total of four periods)meta.ref.urlchar