Candidate IR variables from SAGE-SMC survey

Candidate IR variables from SAGE-SMC surveyJ/AJ/149/78ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/149/78doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51490078CDSPolsdofer E.Seale J.Sewilo M.Vijh U.P.Meixner M.Marengo M.,Terrazas M.2015-05-16T14:45:46Z2015-04-20T10:17:32ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmagellanic-cloudsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryvariable-starsstellar-spectral-typesWe present our study on the infrared variability of point sources in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We use the data from the Spitzer Space Telescope Legacy Program "Surveying the Agents of Galaxy Evolution in the Tidally Stripped, Low Metallicity Small Magellanic Cloud" (SAGE-SMC) and the "Spitzer Survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud" (S^3^MC) survey, over three different epochs, separated by several months to 3 years. Variability in the thermal infrared is identified using a combination of Spitzer's InfraRed Array Camera 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0{mu}m bands, and the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer 24{mu}m band. An error-weighted flux difference between each pair of three epochs ("variability index") is used to assess the variability of each source. A visual source inspection is used to validate the photometry and image quality. Out of ~2 million sources in the SAGE-SMC catalog, 814 meet our variability criteria. We matched the list of variable star candidates to the catalogs of SMC sources classified with other methods, available in the literature. Carbon-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars make up the majority (61%) of our variable sources, with about a third of all of our sources being classified as extreme AGB stars. We find a small, but significant population of oxygen-rich (O-rich) AGB (8.6%), Red Supergiant (2.8%), and Red Giant Branch (<1%) stars. Other matches to the literature include Cepheid variable stars (8.6%), early type stars (2.8%), Young-stellar objects (5.8%), and background galaxies (1.2%). We found a candidate OH maser star, SSTISAGE1C J005212.88-730852.8, which is a variable O-rich AGB star, and would be the first OH/IR star in the SMC, if confirmed. We measured the infrared variability of a rare RV Tau variable (a post-AGB star) that has recently left the AGB phase. 59 variable stars from our list remain unclassified.2015AJ....149...78Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/149/78CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/305 : SAGE LMC and SMC IRAC Source Catalog (IPAC 2009)II/281 : 2MASS 6X Point Source Working Database / Catalog (Cutri+ 2006)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/A+A/558/A3 : XMM-Newton point-source catalogue of the SMC (Sturm+, 2013)J/ApJ/771/111 : SMC dusty OB stars. I. Optical spectroscopy (Sheets+, 2013)J/ApJS/194/22 : Magellanic Quasars Survey: QSOs behind SMC (Kozlowski+, 2011)J/AJ/142/103 : Cool evolved stars in SAGE-SMC (Boyer+, 2011)J/AcA/60/91 : VI light curves of SMC type II Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2010)J/AcA/60/17 : VI light curves of SMC classical Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2010)J/AJ/140/416 : IR photometry of massive stars in the SMC (Bonanos+, 2010)J/AJ/137/3139 : LMC SAGE. New variable evolved stars and YSOs (Vijh+, 2009)J/ApJ/669/327 : S3MC: YSOs in N66, in SMC (Simon+, 2007)J/ApJ/655/212 : S3MC IRAC and MIPS photometry (Bolatto+, 2007)J/AJ/123/855 : Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey: the SMC (Zaritsky+, 2002)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/149/78https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/149/78http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/149/78https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/149/78https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/149/78http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/149/78GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/149/78/table3 (Properties of the SAGE-SMC infrared variables)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/149/78/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/149/78/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/149/78/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.75023889-73.668260.0055555555555555565/8323 8324 8326 8329 6/32949 32953 32956 32958 32993 33286 33287 33291 33300 33302 33310 33313 33315 33321 33324 33328 33329 333306.772611666688002e-21 6.118840631666147e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/149/78?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/149/78/table3Properties of the SAGE-SMC infrared variablesCl0Classification of source at Epoch 0 (4)src.classcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStar[1/825] Variable star candidate numbermeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSSTISAGE0CSAGE-SMC IRAC designation for Epoch 0 (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharSSTISAGE1CSAGE-SMC IRAC designation for Epoch 1 (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharSSTISAGE2CSAGE-SMC IRAC designation for Epoch 2 (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharSSTM1SAGE0SAGE-SMC MIPS designation for Epoch 0 (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharSSTM1SAGE1SAGE-SMC MIPS designation for Epoch 1 (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharSSTM1SAGE2SAGE-SMC MIPS designation for Epoch 2 (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (1)meta.idcharrI01[0/0.015]? Distance between SAGE-SMC IRAC position at Epochs 0 & 1 (2)arcsecpos;arith.diffdoublenullablerI02[0/0.019]? Distance between SAGE-SMC IRAC position at Epochs 0 & 2 (2)arcsecpos;arith.difffloatnullablerI12[0/0.016]? Distance between SAGE-SMC IRAC position at Epochs 1 & 2 (2)arcsecpos;arith.difffloatnullablerM0[0/0.036]? Distance between SAGE-SMC IRAC and MIPS position at Epochs 0 (2)arcsecpos;arith.difffloatnullablerM1[0/0.038]? Distance between SAGE-SMC IRAC and MIPS position at Epochs 1 (2)arcsecpos;arith.difffloatnullablerM2[0/0.044]? Distance between SAGE-SMC IRAC and MIPS position at Epochs 2 (2)arcsecpos;arith.difffloatnullableV01[0/1] Variability flag between Epochs 0 & 1 (3)meta.code;src.varintV02[0/1] Variability flag between Epochs 0 & 2 (3)meta.code;src.varintV12[0/1] Variability flag between Epochs 1 & 2 (3)meta.code;src.varintSpT0Spectral type of Epoch 0 sourcesrc.spTypecharCl1Classification of source at Epoch 1 (4)src.classcharSpT1Spectral type of Epoch 1 sourcesrc.spTypecharCl2Classification of source at Epoch 2 (4)src.classcharS24-1[0.49/1436]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullableV3.6-01[-16.1/23.6]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 1 for Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV4.5-01[-19.3/31.4]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 1 for Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV5.8-01[-22.7/29.63]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 1 for Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV8.0-01[-24.4/24.9]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 1 for Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV24-01[-46.3/47.1]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 1 for Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV3.6-02[-18.6/21.0]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV4.5-02[-19.1/26.5]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV5.8-02[-22.7/30.3]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV8.0-02[-20.7/28.4]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 2 forSpitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band (5)meta.code;meta.code.multipfloatnullableV24-02[-83.4/76.1]? Variability index between Epochs 0 and 2 for Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV3.6-12[-16.9/15.2]? Variability index between Epochs 1 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV4.5-12[-14.6/17.2]? Variability index between Epochs 1 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV5.8-12[-21.3/21.0]? Variability index between Epochs 1 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV8.0-12[-16.6/14.7]? Variability index between Epochs 1 and 2 for Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableV24-12[-72.5/80.8]? Variability index between Epochs 1 and 2 for Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band (5)meta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullableSU.M[0/24.2]? MCPS U band flux density (6)mJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_SU.M[0/3.21]? Uncertainty in SU.MmJystat.errorfloatnullableSB.M[0/47.8]? MCPS B band flux density (6)mJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_SB.M[0/3.35]? Uncertainty in SB.MmJystat.errorfloatnullableSV.M[0/94.8]? MCPS V band flux density (6)mJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_SV.M[0/4.7]? Uncertainty in SV.MmJystat.errorfloatnullableSI.M[0/256.2]? MCPS I band flux density (6)mJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_SI.M[0.0003/26.43]? Uncertainty in SI.MmJystat.errorfloatnullableSV.O[0/19.3]? OGLE-III V band flux density (7)mJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.VfloatnullableSI.O[0/22.4]? OGLE-III I band flux density (7)mJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.IfloatnullableSJ.2[0.1/797]? 2MASS J band flux density (8)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_SJ.2[0.01/15]? Uncertainty in SJ.2 (8)mJystat.errorfloatnullableSH.2[0.1/1264]? 2MASS H band flux density (8)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Hdoublenullablee_SH.2[0.026/49]? Uncertainty in SH.2 (8)mJystat.errorfloatnullableSK.2[0.1/1084]? 2MASS Ks band flux density (8)mJyphot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullablee_SK.2[0.034/21]? Uncertainty in SK.2 (8)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS3.6-0[0.2/447]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_S3.6-0[0.006/7]? Uncertainty in 0S3.6 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS4.5-0[0.1/303]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IRfloatnullablee_S4.5-0[0.004/5]? Uncertainty in 0S4.5 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS5.8-0[0.1/240]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_S5.8-0[0.01/4.4]? Uncertainty in 0S5.8 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS8.0-0[0.1/249]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_S8.0-0[0.01/4.7]? Uncertainty in 0S8.0 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS24-0[0.4/1492]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_S24-0[0.08/10.5]? Uncertainty in 0S24 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS3.6-1[0.2/728]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_S3.6-1[0.012/31]? Uncertainty in S3.6-1 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS4.5-1[0.19/495]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IRfloatnullablee_S4.5-1[0.01/16.9]? Uncertainty in S4.5-1 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS5.8-1[0.19/376]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_S5.8-1[0.01/12]? Uncertainty in S5.8-1 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS8.0-1[0.2/288]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_S8.0-1[0.01/9.8]? Uncertainty in S8.0-1 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullablee_S24-1[0.06/11.7]? Uncertainty in S24-1 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS3.6-2[0.25/713]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_S3.6-2[0.01/42]? Uncertainty in S3.6-2 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS4.5-2[0.19/482]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IRfloatnullablee_S4.5-2[0.009/21]? Uncertainty in S4.5-2 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS5.8-2[0.17/380]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_S5.8-2[0.01/11]? Uncertainty in S5.8-2 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS8.0-2[0.2/280]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_S8.0-2[0.014/8.44]? Uncertainty in S8.0-2 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableS24-2[0.5/1275]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band flux density (9)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_S24-2[0.091/13.75]? Uncertainty in S24-2 (9)mJystat.errorfloatnullableUmag[12.2/22]? MCPS U band magnitude (10)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag? Uncertainty in Umag (10)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullableBmag[12.3/23]? MCPS B band magnitude (10)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? Uncertainty in Bmag (10)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag[11.4/22.3]? MCPS V band magnitude (10)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? Uncertainty in Vmag (10)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableImag[9.9/20.9]? MCPS I band magnitude (10)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? Uncertainty in Imag (10)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableJmag[8.2/17.5]? 2MASS J band magnitude (8)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.01/0.253]? Uncertainty in Jmag (8)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag[7.2/16.9]? 2MASS H band magnitude (8)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.020/0.278]? Uncertainty in Hmag (8)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag[6.9/16.4]? 2MASS Ks band magnitude (8)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.017/0.205]? Uncertainty in Kmag (8)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullable[3.6]0[6.9/15]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6]0[0.009/0.143]? Uncertainty in [3.6]0 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5]0[6.9/15]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5]0[0.008/0.058]? Uncertainty in [4.5]0 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[5.8]0[6.7/14.7]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[5.8]0[0.008/0.112]? Uncertainty in [5.8]0 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[8.0]0[6/14.3]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_[8.0]0[0.008/0.108]? Uncertainty in [8.0]0 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[24]0[1.7/10.5]? Epoch 0 Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_[24]0[0.004249/0.2166]? Uncertainty in [24]0 (9)magstat.errordoublenullable[3.6]1[6.4/15]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6]1[0.01/0.146]? Uncertainty in [3.6]1 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5]1[6.4/15]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5]1[0.017/0.12]? Uncertainty in [4.5]1 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[5.8]1[6.2/14.5]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[5.8]1[0.016/0.178]? Uncertainty in [5.8]1 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[8.0]1[5.8/13.7]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_[8.0]1[0.014/0.109]? Uncertainty in [8.0]1 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[24]1[1.7/10.5]? Epoch 1 Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_[24]1[0.005278/0.1613]? Uncertainty in [24]1 (9)magstat.errordoublenullable[3.6]2[6.4/15.2]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6]2[0.017/0.127]? Uncertainty in [3.6]2 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5]2[6.4/15]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5]2[0.016/0.11]? Uncertainty in [4.5]2 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[5.8]2[6.2/14.6]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[5.8]2[0.014/0.173]? Uncertainty in [5.8]2 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[8.0]2[5.9/13.8]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_[8.0]2[0.013/0.109]? Uncertainty in [8.0]2 (9)magstat.errorfloatnullable[24]2[1.8/10.4]? Epoch 2 Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band magnitude (9)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_[24]2[0.00308/0.1963]? Uncertainty in [24]2 (9)magstat.errordoublenullableMCPSSource(s) from the Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey (Zaritsky et al. 2002, cat. J/AJ/123/855) within 1.5''meta.ref.urlintnullableSAGEDisplay the data from from SAGE LMC and SMC IRAC Catalog (cat. II/305) within 1.5''meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlchar6XDisplay the 2MASS 6X data (Cutri et al. 2006, Cat. II/281)meta.ref.urlchar