J/AJ/144/42ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/144/42doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51440042CDSAdams E.R.Ciardi D.R.Dupree A.K.Gautier T.N.Kulesa C.,McCarthy D.2017-10-18T08:24:52Z2013-10-09T14:54:56ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starssolar-system-planetsinfrared-photometryAll transiting planets are at risk of contamination by blends with nearby, unresolved stars. Blends dilute the transit signal, causing the planet to appear smaller than it really is, or produce a false-positive detection when the target star is blended with eclipsing binary stars. This paper reports on high spatial-resolution adaptive optics images of 90 Kepler planetary candidates. Companion stars are detected as close as 0.1" from the target star. Images were taken in the near-infrared (J and Ks bands) with ARIES on the MMT and PHARO on the Palomar Hale 200inch telescope. Most objects (60%) have at least one star within 6" separation and a magnitude difference of 9. Eighteen objects (20%) have at least one companion within 2" of the target star; six companions (7%) are closer than 0.5". Most of these companions were previously unknown, and the associated planetary candidates should receive additional scrutiny. Limits are placed on the presence of additional companions for every system observed, which can be used to validate planets statistically using the BLENDER method. Validation is particularly critical for low-mass, potentially Earth-like worlds, which are not detectable with current-generation radial velocity techniques. High-resolution images are thus a crucial component of any transit follow-up program.2012AJ....144...42Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/144/42CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/other/Nat/486.375 : Stellar parameters of KOI stars (Buchhave+, 2012)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/144/42https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/144/42http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/144/42https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/144/42https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/144/42http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/144/42GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/144/42/table2 (Limits on nearby stars for all KOIs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/144/42/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/144/42/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/144/42/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true289.739716744.64741940.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/144/42/table4 (Stars within 6" of Kepler planetary candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/144/42/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/144/42/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/144/42/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true298.6624241.136930.0055555555555555565/3734 3742 6/14573 14578 14579 14581 14585 14734 14735 14744 14746 14750 14751 14757 14759 14760 14762 14765 14770 14772 14774 14782 14794 14825 14826 14830 14918 14920 14921 14924 14929 14930 14933 14945 14953 14955 14957 14959 14961 14972 14973 15040 15045 15060 15104 15112 15119 15121 15126 15131 15135 15137 15139 15140 15143 15145 15147 15149 15151 15155 15158 15160 15168 151728.650015785639275e-20 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/144/42?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/144/42/table2Limits on nearby stars for all KOIsKICDesignation in the Kepler Input Catalogue (V/133)meta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOI[5/975] Kepler Object of Interest identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryInstGround-based instrument used (ARIES or PHARO)instr.setupcharFiltFilter used (J, Ks or Kep)instr.setup;instr.filtercharFWHM? Full-width half-maximum of stellar PSFarcsecinstr.bandwidthfloatnullableDm0.1? Limiting differential magnitude at 0.1" (1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableDm0.2? Limiting differential magnitude at 0.2" (1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableDm0.5? Limiting differential magnitude at 0.5" (1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableDm1? Limiting differential magnitude at 1" (1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableDm2Limiting differential magnitude at 2" (1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatDm4Limiting differential magnitude at 4" (1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatMDisplay relative magnitudes, distances, and position angles from table 4 for companions of this starmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refchar_RAPositions from KIC (Cat. V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from KIC (Cat. V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/144/42/table4Stars within 6" of Kepler planetary candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOI[5/975] Kepler Object of Interest identifiermeta.id.parentintKIC? Kepler Input Catalog identifier (Cat. V/133)meta.idintnullableKp0[8.2/14.8]? Estimated magnitude of the target star in Kepler band (Cat. V/133)magphot.mag;em.optfloatnullableJmag[7.229/12.71]? Magnitude of the target star in 2MASS J band (from Cat. V/133)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableKmag[6.945/12.336]? Magnitude of the target star in 2MASS Ks band (from Cat. V/133)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableInst[AP] Ground-based instrument used: A=ARIES or P=PHAROinstr.setupcharStar[1/5] Companion star identifier (1)meta.idintr(J)? Distance of the companion star from the target star (in the J band)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullablef_r(J)[fg] unreliable r(J) (2)meta.codecharPA(J)? Position angle of the companion star (in the J band) (3)degpos.posAngfloatnullableDJ? Observed delta relative J magnitude (error is about 0.01 mag)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullablef_DJ[g] unreliable DJ (2)meta.codecharr(Ks)? Distance of the companion star from the target star (in the Ks band)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullablef_r(Ks)[g] unreliable r(Ks) (2)meta.codecharPA(Ks)? Position angle of the companion star (in the Ks band) (3)degpos.posAngfloatnullableDKs? Observed delta relative Ks magnitude (error is about 0.01 mag)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullablef_DKs[g] unreliable DKs (2)meta.codecharKpmag[10/24]? Estimated magnitude of the companion star in Kepler's broad optical band (4)magphot.mag;em.optfloatnullable_RAPositions from KIC (Cat. V/133) and distance / position angle (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from KIC (Cat. V/133) and distance / position angle (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main