J/AJ/144/131ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/144/131doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51440131CDSZhang T.Wang X.Wu C.Chen J.Chen J.Liu Q.Huang F.Liang J.,Zhao X.Lin L.Wang M.Dennefeld M.Zhang J.Zhai M.Wu H.Fan Z.,Zou H.Zhou X.Ma J.2017-06-28T06:58:36Z2013-12-05T07:30:37ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaeinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryline-intensitiesstellar-mass-lossspectroscopyWe present extensive optical observations of a Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) 2010jl for the first 1.5years after its discovery. The UBVRI light curves demonstrated an interesting two-stage evolution during the nebular phase, which almost flatten out after about 90days from the optical maximum. SN 2010jl has one of the highest intrinsic H{alpha} luminosities ever recorded for an SN IIn, especially at late phase, suggesting a strong interaction of SN ejecta with the dense circumstellar material (CSM) ejected by the progenitor. This is also indicated by the remarkably strong Balmer lines persisting in the optical spectra. One interesting spectral evolution about SN 2010jl is the appearance of asymmetry of the Balmer lines. These lines can be well decomposed into a narrow component and an intermediate-width component. The intermediate-width component showed a steady increase in both strength and blueshift with time until t~400days after maximum, but it became less blueshifted at t~500days, when the line profile appeared relatively symmetric again. Owing to the fact that a pure reddening effect will lead to a sudden decline of the light curves and a progressive blueshift of the spectral lines, we therefore propose that the asymmetric profiles of H lines seen in SN 2010jl are unlikely due to the extinction by newly formed dust inside the ejecta, contrary to the explanation by some early studies. Based on a simple CSM-interaction model, we speculate that the progenitor of SN 2010jl may suffer a gigantic mass loss (~30-50M_{sun}_) a few decades before explosion. Considering a slow-moving stellar wind (e.g.,~28km/s) inferred for the preexisting, dense CSM shell and the extremely high mass-loss rate (1-2M_{sun}_/yr), we suggest that the progenitor of SN 2010jl might have experienced a red supergiant stage and may explode finally as a post-red supergiant star with an initial mass above 30-40M_{sun}_.2012AJ....144..131Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/144/131CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toB/sn : Asiago Supernova Catalogue (Barbon et al., 1999-)J/A+A/555/A10 : Light curves of 5 type IIn supernovae (Taddia+, 2013)J/A+A/538/A120 : A unified supernova catalogue (Lennarz+, 2012)J/A+A/544/A81 : Supernovae and their hosts in the SDSS DR8 (Hakobyan+, 2012)J/PASP/122/1 : BVRI light curves of SN 2007gi (Zhang+, 2010)J/AJ/131/2245 : BATC photometry of SN2004dj (Zhang+, 2006)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/144/131https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/144/131http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/144/131https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/144/131https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/144/131http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/144/131GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap2.367228618189496e-19 6.118840631666147e-19OpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/144/131/evolEvolution of the spectroscopic parameters and the physical properties of SN 2010jlu_T[~] Uncertainty flag on Tmeta.code.errorcharTBlackbody temperatureKphys.temperatureintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPhasePhase relative to the V-band maximum (JD=2455488; Stoll et al., 2011ApJ...730...34S)dtime.epochfloatEWHaH{alpha} equivalent width0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.HalphaintEWHbH{beta} equivalent width0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.HbetaintFHaFull Width Half Maximum (FHWM) velocity of H{alpha} (1)km/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_FHaUncertainty in FHa (1)km/sstat.errorintFHbFull Width Half Maximum (FHWM) velocity of H{beta} (1)km/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_FHbUncertainty in FHb (1)km/sstat.errorintBHaH{alpha} blueshift (1)km/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_BHaUncertainty in BHa (1)km/sstat.errorintBHbH{beta} blueshift (1)km/sspect.dopplerVelocinte_BHbUncertainty in BHb (1)km/sstat.errorintHa/HbFlux ratio H{alpha}/H{beta}phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatPh1Phase relative to the V-band maximum (JD=2455488; Stoll et al., 2011ApJ...730...34S)dtime.epochintLbolBolometric luminosity1e+09solLumphys.luminosityfloatdM/dtProgenitor mass-loss rate of the circumstellar material (CSM) shell (2)solMass/yrarith.ratefloate_dM/dtUncertainty in dM/dtsolMass/yrstat.errorfloattauTimescale of the stellar wind flow (3)yrtime.scalefloatJ/AJ/144/131/table2UBVRI magnitudes of SN 2010jl from Tsinghua-NAOC reflecting Telescope (TNT)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableJDJulian Date of observation; JD-2450000dtime.epochfloatPhasePhase relative to the V-band maximum (JD=2455488; Stoll et al., 2011ApJ...730...34S)dtime.epochfloatu_Umag[~] Uncertainty flag on Umagmeta.code.errorcharUmag? Johnson U-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Umag (1)mmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Uintnullableu_Bmag[~] Uncertainty flag on Bmagmeta.code.errorcharBmagJohnson B-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_Bmag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Bmag (1)mmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Bintnullableu_Vmag[~] Uncertainty flag on Vmagmeta.code.errorcharVmagJohnson V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_Vmag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Vmag (1)mmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Vintnullableu_Rmag[~] Uncertainty flag on Rmagmeta.code.errorcharRmagKron-Cousins R-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_Rmag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Rmag (1)mmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Rintnullableu_Imag[~] Uncertainty flag on Imagmeta.code.errorcharImag? Kron-Cousins I-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Imag (1)mmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Iintnullable