J/AJ/142/188ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/188doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51420188CDSPlacco V.M.Kennedy C.R.Beers T.C.Christlieb N.Rossi S.,Sivarani T.Lee Y.S.Reimers D.Wisotzki L.2017-11-28T13:21:51Z2013-04-08T15:43:17ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.freffective-temperaturecarbon-starsmetallicitychemically-peculiar-starspopulation-ii-starsWe describe a new method to search for metal-poor candidates from the Hamburg/ESO objective-prism survey (HES) based on identifying stars with apparently strong CH G-band strengths for their colors. The hypothesis we exploit is that large overabundances of carbon are common among metal-poor stars, as has been found by numerous studies over the past two decades. The selection was made by considering two line indices in the 4300{AA} region, applied directly to the low-resolution prism spectra. This work also extends a previously published method by adding bright sources to the sample. The spectra of these stars suffer from saturation effects, compromising the index calculations and leading to an undersampling of the brighter candidates. A simple numerical procedure, based on available photometry, was developed to correct the line indices and overcome this limitation. Visual inspection and classification of the spectra from the HES plates yielded a list of 5288 new metal-poor (and by selection, carbon-rich) candidates, which are presently being used as targets for medium-resolution spectroscopic follow-up. Estimates of the stellar atmospheric parameters, as well as carbon abundances, are now available for 117 of the first candidates, based on follow-up medium-resolution spectra obtained with the SOAR 4.1m and Gemini 8m telescopes. There are eight newly discovered stars with [Fe/H] < -3.0 in our sample, including two with [Fe/H] < -3.5.2011AJ....142..188Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/142/188CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/A+A/290/885 : Abundances of very metal-poor stars (Primas+, 1994)J/A+A/300/751 : Metal-poor stars spectroscopy. II (Axer+, 1995)J/AJ/117/981 : Estimation of stellar metal abundance. II. (Beers+, 1999)J/AJ/128/2402 : Extremely metal-poor star candidates abundances (Lai+, 2004)J/ApJS/155/651 : Evolution of extremely metal-poor stars (Herwig+, 2004)J/AJ/130/2804 : Carbon abundances in metal-poor stars (Rossi+, 2005)J/AJ/132/137 : Abundances of extremely metal-poor carbon stars (Cohen+, 2006)J/ApJ/652/1585 : Bright metal-poor stars from HES survey (Frebel+, 2006)J/ApJ/658/367 : Abundances of carbon stars in Galactic halo (Komiya+, 2007)J/A+A/490/769 : Yields from extremely metal-poor stars (Campbell+, 2008)J/A+A/484/721 : HES survey. IV. Candidate metal-poor stars (Christlieb+, 2008)J/AJ/139/1051 : Metal-poor stars from HES: Paper I (Placco+, 2010)J/MNRAS/412/843 : SAGA extremely metal-poor stars (Suda+, 2011)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/142/188https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/142/188http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/142/188https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/142/188https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/142/188http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/142/188GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/142/188/table4 (Atmospheric parameters and carbonicity estimates for the observed candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.345833-10.3402780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/142/188/table3 (Stellar data for the observed candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.345833-10.3402780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/AJ/142/188/table5 (Candidate metal-poor stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/142/188/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.726667-1.5877780.0055555555555555565/4096 4113 4122 4156 4189 4493 4711 4744 5263 6198 6253 6309 6318 6319 6325 6364 6367 6572 6657 6710 6763 6789 8364 8471 8478 8487 8489 8521 8523 8542 8550 8558 8562 8572 8579 8601 8615 8630 8647 8661 8666 8668 8677 8693 8758 8770 8821 8833 8862 8866 8928 8964 9000 9028 9056 10077 11241 11346 11445 11447 11476 11485 11505 11506 11528 11539 11555 11580 11581 11589 11627 11651 11653 11696 11699 11707 11708 11710 11715 11724 11756 12118 6/0 2 5 4096 4098 4099 4100 4104 8192 8193 8197 8199 8201 16388 16390 16393 16394 16395 16397 16398 16400 16407 16415 16416 16417 16419 16420 16423 16424 16426 16435 16436 16438 16439 16442 16444 16446 16448 16449 16457 16458 16461 16464 16469 16471 16472 16474 16475 16479 16480 16482 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44670 44672 44673 44676 44678 44679 44685 44689 44691 44696 44698 44699 44701 44702 44703 44705 44708 44714 44716 44717 44719 44725 44726 44730 44742 44743 44745 44750 44752 44761 44771 44773 44774 44777 44782 44783 44784 44785 44787 44789 44791 44793 44795 44807 44808 44812 44815 44818 44819 44825 44826 44831 44833 44835 44837 44838 44839 44840 44843 44847 44850 44851 44854 44858 44861 44870 44878 44879 44888 44889 44892 44894 44896 44900 44901 44904 44906 44907 44910 44911 44916 44922 44926 44927 44928 44933 44942 44945 44952 44955 44958 44974 44976 44977 44979 44980 44982 44983 44985 44990 44996 44997 44999 45001 45002 45004 45006 45009 45010 45011 45013 45018 45020 45026 45030 45031 45038 45041 45042 45046 45048 45052 45053 45143 45147 45150 45172 45313 45314 45315 45317 45319 45320 45322 45323 45325 45326 45327 45330 45331 45335 45337 45338 45339 45342 45343 45347 45350 45355 45359 45360 45361 45365 45367 45368 45376 45379 45380 45381 45382 45388 45389 45390 45392 45394 45395 45397 45398 45399 45400 45403 45404 45406 45407 45411 45412 45413 45418 45420 45425 45427 45429 45432 45435 45437 45438 45439 45445 45502 45518 45519 45521 45522 45523 45524 45526 45528 45530 45532 45534 45535 45538 45540 45542 45543 45546 45548 45549 45553 45554 45556 45558 45559 45560 45561 45669 45670 45671 45672 45673 45674 45676 45677 45678 45682 45693 45694 45695 45762 45764 45765 45768 45772 45774 45779 45813 45839 45843 45845 45846 45847 45848 45852 45858 45862 45865 45866 45875 45878 45883 45885 45886 45887 45888 45889 45890 45892 45893 45896 45898 45899 45900 45901 45902 45908 45910 45911 45912 45914 45915 45916 45917 45919 45923 45924 45925 45928 45929 45930 45933 45935 45936 45938 45944 45946 45947 45950 45952 45955 45958 45961 45962 45963 45966 45969 45970 45971 45972 45973 45975 45977 45978 45982 45983 45985 45986 45987 45988 45990 45991 45995 45997 45998 46000 46001 46003 46004 46008 46016 46017 46018 46028 46030 46033 46034 46035 46037 46038 46040 46042 46043 46044 46045 46047 46048 46052 46053 46054 46066 46073 46074 46075 46080 46081 46083 46084 46086 46087 46088 46090 46091 46092 46095 46098 46099 46102 46103 46104 46106 46107 46108 46110 46111 46119 46120 46122 46123 46124 46125 46126 46131 46133 46134 46139 46140 46142 46145 46150 46152 46154 46160 46161 46162 46164 46165 46168 46169 46170 46172 46177 46179 46182 46183 46184 46185 46187 46190 46191 46192 46193 46196 46201 46203 46204 46207 46208 46209 46211 46212 46213 46218 46219 46224 46226 46230 46232 46235 46236 46237 46238 46240 46241 46245 46246 46247 46248 46249 46251 46256 46257 46258 46260 46261 46263 46265 46267 46271 46272 46274 46275 46276 46279 46280 46282 46284 46285 46287 46288 46291 46292 46294 46297 46303 46306 46307 46311 46318 46329 46331 46334 46336 46337 46343 46353 46355 46362 46364 46373 46378 46383 46391 46392 46393 46403 46405 46406 46407 46408 46409 46412 46413 46416 46417 46418 46420 46421 46423 46426 46428 46430 46431 46438 46441 46443 46446 46447 46448 46452 46455 46456 46460 46461 46465 46466 46468 46472 46475 46477 46485 46492 46495 46499 46500 46502 46503 46507 46513 46516 46520 46527 46535 46536 46537 46538 46548 46552 46557 46559 46560 46565 46566 46568 46575 46577 46580 46581 46583 46590 46592 46593 46596 46597 46599 46601 46602 46603 46608 46610 46611 46616 46620 46626 46628 46631 46632 46633 46636 46637 46643 46647 46649 46650 46655 46656 46658 46663 46664 46669 46671 46673 46674 46675 46676 46679 46681 46682 46688 46690 46691 46693 46695 46699 46710 46711 46714 46716 46718 46719 46722 46727 46728 46730 46731 46735 46739 46740 46741 46743 46744 46745 46747 46748 46753 46754 46755 46760 46772 46773 46790 46795 46801 46802 46805 46807 46808 46809 46812 46814 46816 46817 46819 46821 46822 46824 46827 46836 46838 46839 46844 46845 46847 46848 46850 46851 46852 46853 46856 46857 46859 46864 46868 46869 46878 46881 46883 46885 46886 46888 46889 46891 46892 46893 46894 46901 46902 46905 46914 46915 46920 46921 46923 46924 46926 46936 46938 46946 46953 46957 46960 46971 46974 46976 46979 46981 46991 46992 46995 46996 46999 47000 47001 47002 47005 47007 47008 47009 47011 47015 47016 47017 47022 47030 47035 47037 47038 47041 47049 47050 47051 47052 47053 47055 47061 47063 47066 47067 47069 47072 47073 47076 47077 47079 47082 47085 47086 47087 47089 47090 47091 47094 47096 47099 47103 47441 47444 48196 48197 48206 48208 48210 48216 48219 48221 48222 48241 48242 48243 48244 48384 48386 48388 48389 48402 48403 48406 48407 48409 48412 48415 48435 48437 48439 48441 48444 48445 48446 48448 48449 48451 48453 48456 48458 48461 48463 48465 48466 48467 48470 48478 48480 48481 48483 48484 48485 48487 48489 48491 48492 48499 48500 48502 48507 48508 48509 48535 48541 48578 48579 48582 48584 48590 48592 48599 48601 48603 48604 48605 48609 48613 48631 48638 48639 48990 48991 49019 49020 49105https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/142/188?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/142/188/table4Atmospheric parameters and carbonicity estimates for the observed candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHEStar name in Hamburg/ESO survey (HHMM-DDMM)meta.id;meta.maincharprimarySSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRV[-401.7/442.5] Radial Velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatTeff[4028/7604] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[1/4.98] Surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloat[Fe/H][-3.8/0] Metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloat[C/Fe][-0.36/3.65] Carbonicity (1)log(Sun)phys.abundfloatPapIDisplay the Paper I data if availablemeta.ref.urlintnullable_RAPositions from Paper I (Cat. J/AJ/139/1051) or table 3 of this paper (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Paper I (Cat. J/AJ/139/1051) or table 3 of this paper (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/142/188/table3Stellar data for the observed candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHEStar name in Hamburg/ESO survey (HHMM-DDMM; equinox B1950))meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainBmag[10.5/16] HES photographic B magnitude derived from Hamburg/ES0 DSS-I B_J_ platesmagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloat(J-K)0[0.26/0.85] Intrinsic 2MASS deredenned J-K color index (1)magphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.KfloatGPEGP index, 15{AA} wide G-band index (G2)0.1nmspect.indexfloatEGPEGP index (G3)0.1nmspect.indexfloatTelTelescope (SOAR or Gemini) (2)meta.id;instr.telcharTagRemarks and notes (G4)meta.notechar2MDisplay the 2MASS data within 3" (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/142/188/table5Candidate metal-poor starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHEStar name in Hamburg/ESO survey (HHMM+DDMM)meta.id;meta.maincharAlink to atmospheric parameters and carbonicity if available (table 4)meta.ref.urlcharHESIDUnique HES identifier (HEHHMMSSmDDMMSSaNNNN)meta.idcharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainobjObject type (stars or bright) (1)src.classcharBmag[10/18.3] HES photographic B magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloat(B-V)0[0.32/1.48] Intrinsic (B-V)_0_ color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloat(J-K)0[0.2/0.7] Intrinsic (J-K)_0_ color index (G1)magphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.KfloatKP[0/9] KP index, measured in HES spectrum (2)0.1nmspect.indexfloatGPE[31/72] GPE index, measured in HES spectrum (G2)0.1nmspect.indexfloatEGPEGP index, measured in HES spectrum (G3)magspect.indexfloatCandCandidate class (G4)src.classchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data within 3" (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlchar