J/AJ/131/2986ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/131/2986doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51312986CDSPribulla T.Rucinski S.M.2017-11-29T11:49:07Z2009-05-15T16:23:46ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsvariable-starseclipsing-binary-starsWe have attempted to establish observational evidence for the presence of distant companions that may have acquired and/or absorbed angular momentum during the evolution of multiple systems, thus facilitating or enabling the formation of contact binaries. In this preliminary investigation we use several techniques (some of them distance- independent) and mostly disregard the detection biases of individual techniques in an attempt to establish a lower limit to the frequency of triple systems. While the whole sample of 151 contact binary stars brighter than V_max_=10mag gives a firm lower limit of 42%{+/-}5%, the corresponding number for the much better observed northern-sky subsample is 59%{+/-}8%. These estimates indicate that most contact binary stars exist in multiple systems.2006AJ....131.2986Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/131/2986CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star CatalogI/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)II/250 : Combined General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2004)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/131/2986https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/131/2986http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/131/2986https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/131/2986https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/131/2986http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/131/2986GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/131/2986/table1 (Multiplicity of contact binary stars: summary data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/131/2986/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/131/2986/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/131/2986/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true347.883693936.89308610.0055555555555555566/147 263 400 454 1118 1314 1441 1679 1680 1684 1933 2452 2499 2702 2952 3201 3559 3707 4020 4298 4425 4427 4698 5110 5212 5427 5503 6312 6354 7262 8040 8353 8357 8579 9167 9415 9514 9780 9890 9951 10002 10183 10648 10923 11162 11290 11337 11395 11486 12080 12092 12584 12885 12953 13159 13181 13618 13699 13777 13859 13908 14528 14576 14666 14723 15662 15850 16058 16186 16719 16820 18234 19075 19312 19448 19698 19998 20034 20047 20270 20411 20581 20993 21737 21749 21919 21969 22080 22081 22117 22680 22696 22786 22929 23797 24232 24378 24391 24616 24983 26097 26368 26391 27017 27116 27250 27481 27603 27639 27770 27852 27984 28143 28296 28582 28809 29374 29512 29810 30565 31148 31781 31843 31886 31944 31950 32110 32307 32393 32713 32828 32838 32999 33323 33372 33517 33837 34011 34347 34454 35025 35378 35512 35741 36484 36494 36650 36759 36805 36915 37024 37789 38085 38310 39933 40030 40138 40292 41726 41864 41983 42060 42269 42355 42369 43027 43290 43455 43729 44514 44650 44772 44872 44981 45215 45287 45826 46084 47243 47825https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/131/2986?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/131/2986/table1Multiplicity of contact binary stars: summary dataHIPmeta.ref.urlcharOcc[M] Indicates a Moon occultation (13)meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameThe General Catalog of Variable Stars name (Cat. II/250) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryn_Name[*] Indicates a note detailed in table3meta.notecharVmagJohnson or transformed Hipparcos H_p_ maximum magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatWDSWashington Double Star catalogue designation (Cat. B/wds) (2)meta.idcharPA? Position angle of the secondary/fainter componentdegpos.posAngintnullableSep? Angular separation of the components (3)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullabled? Projected separation (4)AUpos.distanceintnullablef_d[*] Flag for large uncertainty on d (5)meta.codecharDelV? Visual brightness difference of components (6)magphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullableH59[CGX] Hipparcos multiple system flag H59 (7)meta.notecharH61[ABCS] Hipparcos solution quality flag H61 (8)meta.notechare_pi? Hipparcos parallax errormasstat.errorfloatnullablee_mu? Proper-motion error in TYCHO 2 catalog (Cat. I/259) (9)mas/yrstat.errorfloatnullablebeta? Ratio of apparent luminosities (10)phys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatnullabledRV? Difference of third component velocity and systemic velocity of the underlying binarykm/sphys.veloc;arith.diffintnullablef_dRV[vs] Flag on dRV variability (11)meta.codecharP3? Orbital period of the third component as determined from LITEtime.periodintnullableasin(i)? Projected semi-major axis of the eclipsing pair (12)AUphys.size.smajAxisfloatnullabledB-V? Difference between TYCHO-2 B-V color and the short-period, blue envelope (SPBE) (see the text)magphot.color;arith.difffloatnullablelogFX/Fbol? Log of the RASS X-ray flux to the bolometric flux (see Section 4.3)phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullableF1[DPN] Visual binary present in the WDS catalog flag (14)meta.codecharF2[DPN-] CFHT Adaptative Optics observations flag (14)meta.codecharF3[DSN-] Hipparcos Catalog flags (15)meta.codecharF4[SN-] {sigma}_{mu}_ flag (16)meta.codecharF5[DSN-] Spectroscopic detection (17)meta.codecharF6[DSN-] Light-time effect (LITE) indication (18)meta.codecharF7[SN-] Short-period, blue envelope (SPBE) indication (19)meta.codecharF8[LEN] RASS (<IX/10>,<IX/29>) X-ray to visual flux ratio flag (20)meta.codecharWCombined weight (21)stat.weightfloatT3[Y] Final evaluation of triplicity (22)meta.codecharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharGCVSGCVS: View data from the GCVS (Cat. B/gcvs)meta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/131/2986/table3Notes on selected contact binariesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameThe General Catalog of Variable Stars name (Cat. II/250)meta.id;meta.maincharNoteText of notemeta.notechar