J/A+A/713/A166ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/713/A166CDSSerrano Bell J.Hebrard G.Martioli E.Diaz R.F.de Almeida L.,Lorenzo-Oliveira D.Salmi A.Dorn C.Valatsou M.Carmona A.,Ould-Elhkim M.Arnold L.Artigau E.Boisse I.Bonfils X.Cadieux C.,Chakir Z.Cook N.J.Delfosse X.Donati J.-F.Doyon R.Heidari N.,Jenkins J.M.Kiefer F.Lafrance S.L'Heureux A.Moutou C.,Morneau J.Vandelac X.2026-09-16T08:45:28Z2026-09-16T09:40:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsphotometryvisible-astronomyspectroscopyWe present a comprehensive re-analysis of two star-planet systems: TOI-4438, an M3.5V star hosting a mini-Neptune in a 7.4-day orbit, and TOI-442, an M1V star with a 4-day period planet located within the hot Neptune desert. Both systems were originally identified as transiting planet candidates by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and subsequently validated through the radial velocity (RV) method. Our work incorporates new TESS transit data and high-resolution spectroscopy from the SPIRou near-infrared (nIR) spectropolarimeter. We detect a persistent and relatively strong Zeeman signature in TOI-442, while TOI-4438 exhibits weaker and intermittent magnetic activity, and we infer the stellar rotation periods of both stars from the variability of the longitudinal magnetic field. We jointly fit photometry and RV models for each system. For TOI-4438 b we combine archival CARMENES data with 81 SPIRou observations and five TESS sectors. This yields a refined planetary mass of Mp=4.11^+0.40^_-0.38_M_{Earth}_ and a radius of Rp=2.40^+0.09^_-0.10_R_{Earth}_, consistent with the previous estimate within 1.1 sigma while improving by 53% the precision on the mass and 22% on the radius. For TOI-442 b, we add 29 SPIRou RV measurements to an extensive archival dataset, significantly extending the temporal baseline. Incorporating this with a new TESS sector, we tighten the constraints on the planetary mass to Mp=28.38^+0.77^_-0.73_M_{Earth}_ and radius to Rp=4.25^+0.10^_-0.08_R_{Earth}_, which agrees to the previous values within 1.5 sigma and improves the precisions by 46% and 67% respectively. We find no clear signs of additional planets in the currently available RV data, although we detect a single-transit event in the TOI-4438 light curve. We compare various RV models and find that those accounting for stellar variability-induced signals yield improved constraints on the planetary parameters.2026A&A...713A.166Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/713/A166CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/713/A166https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/713/A166http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/713/A166https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/713/A166https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/713/A166http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/713/A166GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/713/A166/tablec1TOI-4438 spectroscopic time seriesJDReduced Julian Date (JD-2400000)dtime.epochdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRVRadial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity uncertaintym/sstat.errorfloatdlWDifferential line width activity indicatorm**2.s**-2spect.line.widthinte_dlWDifferential line width uncertaintym**2.s**-2stat.errorintdtempDifferential temperature activity indicatorKphys.temperaturefloate_dtempDifferential temperature indicator uncertaintyKstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/713/A166/tablec2TOI-442 spectroscopic time seriese_dlWDifferential line width uncertaintym**2.s**-2stat.errorintdtempDifferential temperature activity indicatorKphys.temperaturefloate_dtempDifferential temperature indicator uncertaintyKstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJDReduced Julian Date (JD-2400000)dtime.epochdoubleRVRadial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity uncertaintym/sstat.errorfloatdlWDifferential line width activity indicatorm**2.s**-2spect.line.widthintJ/A+A/713/A166/tablec3TOI-4438 polarimetric time seriesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJDReduced Julian Date (JD-2400000)dtime.epochdoubleBlLongitudinal magnetic fieldGphys.magFieldfloate_BlLongitudinal magnetic field uncertaintyGstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/713/A166/tablec4TOI-442 polarimetric time seriesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJDReduced Julian Date (JD-2400000)dtime.epochdoubleBlLongitudinal magnetic fieldGphys.magFieldfloate_BlLongitudinal magnetic field uncertaintyGstat.errorfloat