J/A+A/712/A222ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/712/A222CDSEmpey A.Manara C.F.Garcia Lopez R.Natta A.Claes R.Zagaria F.,Alcala J.M.Anania R.Beccari G.Carpenter J.Facchini S.Fedele D.,Lodato G.Mauco K.Miotello A.Nisini B.Pascucci I.Piscarreta L.,Rosotti G.Scholz A.Testi L.Vioque M.2026-08-25T08:12:26Z2026-08-25T09:08:57ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstellar-associationsspectroscopyultraviolet-astronomyvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomystellar-spectral-typeseffective-temperaturestellar-massesaccretionabsolute-magnitudestellar-agesextinctionstellar-distanceThe evolution of protoplanetary discs is intertwined with the process of planet formation, growth and migration. Studies of nearby star-forming regions of different ages and properties provide the information needed to understand the processes governing their evolution. This paper presents the results of a spectroscopic study of the stellar and accretion properties of a large sample of 127 stars with protoplanetary discs in the Upper Scorpius region, a relatively old (5-10Myr), nearby (~145pc) star-forming region, with disc dust masses inferred from ALMA continuum measurements. We derived the accretion luminosity from the excess UV continuum emission with respect to the photospheric and chromospheric emission self-consistently with the stellar spectral types, extinction, and luminosity, using the FitteR for Accretion ProPErties of T Tauri stars (FRAPPE) code. We applied a new method to evaluate upper limits on the accretion luminosity. In ~50% of cases, we could only evaluate upper limits on the accretion luminosity, either because the signal-to-noise ratio of the data was insufficient or because the measured value of the accretion luminosity was below the statistical estimate of the emission due to chromospheric activity. The mass accretion rate shows a weak correlation with stellar mass, while we find no correlation with disc properties such as dust mass or gaseous disc radius. The dispersion is larger than that found in younger star-forming regions such as Lupus and Chamaeleon I, and suggests fading of the correlations with age. We find no evidence that the observed dispersion can be explained by membership in Upper Scorpius sub-groups, or by the properties of known binary systems or transition discs. The lack of correlation and the large dispersion of accretion rates challenge the current expectations of evolutionary models. The observed properties point to a decoupling of the inner and outer discs by the age of Upper Scorpius and a fading of the relations observed in younger star-forming regions, which calls for further development of current theoretical frameworks to be explained.2026A&A...712A.222Ehttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/712/A222CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/712/A222https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/712/A222http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/712/A222https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/712/A222https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/712/A222http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/712/A222GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/712/A222/tablee1 (Night log of X-Shooter observations for our Upper Scorpius star members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/712/A222/tablee1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/712/A222/tablee1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/712/A222/tablee1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true233.9523531-29.9819950.0055555555555555565/11077 11091 6/42863 42905-42906 42943 42949 42954 42958-42959 42968 42972 42976 42979-42982 42984 42990-42992 43001-43002 44118 44301 44314 44317-44319 44340 44343 44348 44352 44354-44356 44358-44361 44363 44368 44370-44373 44377-44379 44385-44386 44389-44390 44396-44397 44400-44402https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/712/A222?format=asciiUVOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/712/A222/tablee1Night log of X-Shooter observations for our Upper Scorpius star membersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS2MASS name designation JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs (2MASS_ID)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryCutriDisplay the 2MASS all sky Catalog of Point Sources of Cutri et al. 2003yCat.2246....0C, Cat. II/246meta.ref.urlintnullableTd1Indicates data in tabled1meta.ref.urlcharDateObsDate of observation (DateObservation)stime.epochnullableNexpNumber of exposure time (Nexp)meta.numberintExpTimeExposure time (ExpTime)stime.duration;obs.exposureintSUVBSlit width of the XSHOOTER UVB (Slit_Width_UVB)arcsecinstr.setupfloatSVISSlit width of the XSHOOTER VIS (Slit_Width_VIS)arcsecinstr.setupfloatSNIRSlit width of the XSHOOTER NIR (Slit_Width_NIR)arcsecinstr.setupfloatAirmassObserved airmass value (Airmass)obs.airMassfloatIQObserved image quality value (IQ)meta.code.qualfloatSNRSignal to noise ratio (SNR)stat.snrfloat_RAPosition from cross-match with 2MASS catalog of Cutri et al. 2003yCat.2246....0C, Cat. II/246 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from cross-match with 2MASS catalog of Cutri et al. 2003yCat.2246....0C, Cat. II/246 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/712/A222/tabled1Stellar, disc and accretion properties for all objects fit with FRAPPE2MASS2MASS name designation JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs (2MASS_ID)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpTSpectral type (SpT)src.spTypecharDDistance (Dist)pcpos.distancefloatTeffEffective temperature (Teff)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintAVDust extinction (A_V_)magphys.absorptionfloatL*Stellar luminosity (lstar)solLumphys.luminosityfloatM*? Stellar mass (mstar)solMassphys.massfloatnullableAge? Star age (Age)Myrtime.agefloatnullablelogLaccLogarithm of the accretion disc luminosity (loglacc)log(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatMacc? The accretion disc mass (macc)solMass/yrphys.massdoublenullableMdust? Derived dust mass (mdust)solMassphys.massdoublenullableULFlag y 49 times or n 72 times if an object is determined to have an upper limit accretion measurement (UL)meta.codecharCAFlag y 29 times or n 92 times if the ratio Lacc/L* is below the expected limit for chromospheric activity (CA)meta.codechar