J/A+A/712/A183ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/712/A183CDSStepney M.Banerji M.Bauer F.E.Assef R.J.Li G.2026-08-18T13:30:14Z2026-08-18T09:04:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsphotometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyredshiftedHeavily reddened quasars (HRQs) are luminous, dust-obscured broad-line quasars thought to trace a short-lived phase of intense black hole growth and feedback. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which restricted robust statistical analyses of their properties. We expand the census of the most luminous HRQs to enable population-level studies, aiming to connect their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to other luminous quasar populations and place them in the context of an evolutionary sequence for massive galaxy and black hole formation. We assembled multi-wavelength broadband photometry for the brightest (K_AB_<18mag) HRQ candidates and selected active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates with red near-IR colours of (J-K)_AB_>1.6. We employed SPX spectrophotometry to confirm the HRQs and determine redshifts. Detailed SED fitting allowed us to compare these HRQs to other luminous quasar populations, including a control sample of hyper-luminous, unobscured unWISE-Gaia (Quaia) quasars, as well as luminous hot dust-obscured galaxies (hot DOGs). We confirm 76 new HRQs with redshifts of 1.5<z_sys_<3.9, dust-corrected optical continuum luminosities of log_10_({lambda}L_{lambda}(3000{AA}_[erg/s])>47.0, and line-of-sight extinctions of 0.4<E(B-V)<1.6 (A_V_~1-5mag). This more than doubles the number of confirmed HRQs at z_sys_>1.5 including the first 7 HRQs ever identified at z>3. A UV excess consistent with scattered quasar emission is detected in 76 per cent of SPX HRQs. We conclusively demonstrate that HRQs are hot-dust poor compared to blue quasars of similar luminosities and redshifts. We find that the 6um continuum luminosities of HRQs are systematically lower at fixed 3000{AA}, continuum luminosity relative to blue Quaia quasars, suggesting that HRQs are deficient in both hot and warm dust components. This combination of depleted torus-scale dust reservoirs and higher luminosities compared to hot DOGs and blue quasars supports a scenario in which HRQs represent a blow-out phase, when strong feedback has begun to clear the central regions of obscuring material.2026A&A...712A.183Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/712/A183CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/712/A183https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/712/A183http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/712/A183https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/712/A183https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/712/A183http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/712/A183GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/712/A183/catalog (SED properties of 76 SPHEREx-confirmed heavily reddened quasars (table B1 + photometric data))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/712/A183/catalog?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/712/A183/catalog?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/712/A183/catalog?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.2966536.149560.0055555555555555566/385 547 696 899 1678 2115 2244 4507 4712 5185 6426 6512 6591 7096 8206 8386 8443 8557 9428 10356 10638 10983 12492 12685 12766 13544 13658 15041 15124 15550 15892 18064 18106 18440 18664 19167 19503 19507 19534 19626 19758 19966 20392 20441 21993 22687 23405 24905 25218 25608 26066 26187 26357 26373 26476 27779 30485 31404 32136 32168 33543 33616 34094 34565 35101 35174 35256 36689 36797 43218 43962 45206 45730 45737 45822 482212.040811542443644e-19 6.090060298487514e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/712/A183?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/712/A183/catalogSED properties of 76 SPHEREx-confirmed heavily reddened quasars (table B1 + photometric data)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. 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