J/A+A/710/A326ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/710/A326CDSPan T.Fu Y.Rottgering H.J.A.de Jong J.M.G.H.J.Hardcastle M.J.,Mingo B.Clews L.Magliocchetti M.Petley J.W.Yue B.2026-06-24T09:24:58Z2026-06-24T10:24:24ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersradio-galaxiesactive-galactic-nucleiThe origin of the morphological dichotomy between Fanaroff-Riley Class I (FRI) and Class II (FRII) radio galaxies has long been debated. In this study, we investigate whether the cluster-scale environment plays Using the new morphologically classified catalogue from the second data release of the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS DR2), we construct two samples at z<0.4: a volume-limited sample with L_144_>4x10^24^W/Hz and a paired sample in which each FRII is matched to the nearest FRI in luminosity and redshift. We cross-match these samples with a recent galaxy cluster catalogue based on the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey. A galaxy is considered associated with a cluster with M_500_>0.47x10^14^M_{sun}_ if the redshift difference between the galaxy and the cluster centre is below 0.01, and the projected distance between the two is smaller than 2R_500_. In the volume-limited sample, 48.6_-1.8_^+1.8^% of FRIs and 30.6_-2.3_^+2.5^% of FRIIs are associated with clusters. In the paired sample, 45.6_-3.1_^+3.1^% of FRIs and 32.6_-2.8_^+3.0^% of FRIIs are associated with clusters. This difference in cluster match fractions between FRIs and FRIIs in both samples becomes more pronounced at higher radio luminosities (L_144MHz_>10^26^W/Hz). In the volume-limited sample, 55.6_-9.6_^+9.2^% of luminous FRIs and 19.0_-4.6_^+5.7^% of luminous FRIIs are associated with clusters. In the paired sample, 50.0_-12.9_^+12.9^% of luminous FRIs and 6.7_-3.9_^+9.5^% of luminous FRIIs are associated with clusters. Nevertheless, those FRIs and FRIIs that are associated with clusters show similar properties. In particular, the distributions of radio luminosity and stellar mass as functions of cluster richness and M500 are similar for FRIs and FRIIs. The radial density profiles of cluster-associated FRIs and FRIIs both peak at 0.5xR_500_ and decline beyond R_500_, showing very similar spatial distributions within clusters. Furthermore, in the volume-limited sample, 74.8_-2.3_^+2.2^% of cluster-associated FRIs and 61.9_-4.6_^+4.4^% of cluster-associated FRIIs are identified as brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). In the paired sample, 78.1_-4.0_^+3.5^% of cluster-associated FRIs and 65.9_-5.3_^+4.9^% of cluster-associated FRIIs are identified as BCGs. The median properties of these FRI-BCGs and FRII-BCGs, as well as those of their host clusters, do not show significant differences. Compared to FRIs, FRIIs are less frequently found in galaxy clusters, particularly at high radio luminosities. This pattern may be explained by the jet disruption scenario, in which the dense gas in galaxy clusters can slow down or disturb radio jets, making it more difficult for powerful FRII structures to form or remain stable. However, when FRIs and FRIIs do reside in clusters, they appear to inhabit similar environments in terms of richness, mass, and radial position. These findings suggest that, while the cluster-scale environment may influence the cluster match fraction, the morphological distinction between FRIs and FRIIs is unlikely to be primarily driven by cluster-scale properties alone. Improved estimates of cluster richness and mass will help to further clarify the extent to which the cluster environment influences the radio morphology of FRIs and FRIIs.2026A&A...710A.326Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/710/A326CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/659/A1 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) DR2 (Shimwell+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/710/A326https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/710/A326http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/710/A326https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/710/A326https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/710/A326http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/710/A326GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/710/A326/tablea1 (FRI/FRII matched to W24 clusters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A326/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A326/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/710/A326/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.046126.03520.0055555555555555566/649 670 690 751 759 761 898 2059 2071 2078 2099 2104 2154 2164 2192 2198 2205 2212 2218 2228 2243 2256 2562 4607 4827 4829 4831 4860 4939 4948 4969 5009 5020 5035 5038 5044 5055 5067 5079-5080 5094 5211 5214 5230 5236 5241-5242 5247 5261 5279 5287 5297 5321 5327 5329-5330 5335 5349 5366 5376 5397 5400 5404 5418 5421 5434 5443 5467 5480 5482 5484 5491-5492 5498 5503 5506 5524 5545 5548 5556 5575 5579 5582 5599-5600 5605 5618 5628-5630 5635 5675 5688 5798 5806 5830 5838 5841 5861 5866 5873 5876 5878 5909 5934 5950 5964 5988-5989 5998 6001 6005 6039 6045 6049 6060 6084 6090 6105 6108 6122 6124 6131 6143 6212 6236 6270 6347 6356 6363 6391 6396 6417 6429 6436 6441 6447 6450-6451 6491-6492 6495 6498 6506 6529 6595 6599 6604 6617 6641 7168 7180 7188 7192 7195-7196 7255 7269 7281 7285 7288 7292 7300 7321 7412-7413 7425 7429 7445 7456 7462 7485 7487 7493 7505 7508 7511 7514 7554-7555 7572 7597 8958 9048 9050-9052 9060 9063 9141 9152 9158 9178 9181 9313 9339 9363 9384 9395 9417 9424 9439 9444 9464 9469 9478 9490 9500 9502 9519 9551 9555 9560 9606 9653 9759 9763 9768 9795 9800 9835 9839 9873 9879 9894 9899 9927 9933 9948 9959 9977 9985 9992 9996 10022 10027 10029 10031 10033 10114 10127 10129 10147 10149-10150 10156 10284 10297 10321-10322 10335 10341 10349 10353 10358 10369 10400 10402 10418-10419 10430 10448 10515 10520 10531-10532 10546 10560 10596 10599 10610 10636 10640-10641 10648 10656 10662 10668-10669 10674 10680 10691-10692 10716 10734 10742 10764 10780 10788 10793 10804 10816 10821 10830 10837 10845 10872-10873 10878 10899 10902 10912 10923 10927-10928 10936 10949 10969 10973-10974 10979 10984 11001 11043 11053 11061-11062 11070 11072 11074 11076 11087 11102 11109 11124 11131 11136 11139 11143-11144 11148 11153 11202 11205 11221 11237 11246 11251 11261 11264 11274 11282 11296-11297 11315 11333 11338 11344 11362 11367 11372 11419 11422 11464 11485 11493 11495 11499 11514 11568 11627 11668 11685 11720 11798 11806-11808 11828 11831-11832 11837 11859 11862 11873 11909 11914-11915 11922 11925 12660-12661 13353 13386 13395 13412 13433 13444 13456 13574 14989 14991 15030 19705 19774 19826 19831 19847 19858 19865 19872 19877 19880-19881 19888 19904 19908 19914 19931 19940 19952 19957 20039 20046 20067 20074 20079 20081 20125 20166 20174 20177-20178 20236 20244 20254 20262-20263 20292 20298 20300 20305 20313 20323 20335 20359 20361 20371 20398-20399 28119-28121 28123 28477 28510 28521 28541 28563 28579 28604 28612-28613 28635 28640 28653 28661-28662 32511 32681-32682 32738 32742 32749https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/710/A326?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/710/A326/tablea1FRI/FRII matched to W24 clustersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeRadio-galaxy morphology (FRI or FRII)src.morphcharRAJ2000Right Ascension of radio galaxy (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination of radio galaxy (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzRedshift of the radio galaxysrc.redshiftfloatlogL144log10 of rest-frame 144MHz luminositylog(W.Hz**-1)phys.luminosity;em.radio.100-200MHzfloatNameClMatched W24 cluster identifier (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS or WH-JJHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)meta.id.parentcharRACdegRight Ascension of cluster center (J2000)degpos.eq.raDECdegDeclination of cluster center (J2000)degpos.eq.deczClRedshift of matched clustersrc.redshiftfloatDprojProjected source-cluster separation (2)kpcpos.distancefloatSampleSelection flag from the analysis (1)meta.codechar