J/A+A/707/A345ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/707/A345CDSDucourant C.Teixeira R.Vale-Cunha P.H.Delchambre L.Krone-Martins A.,Braine J.Galluccio L.Le Campion J-F.Krinski-Moreira O.S.,Scarano Jr S.Boehm C.Connor T.Djorgovski S.G.Graham M.J.Jalan P.,Petit Q.Klioner S.A.Mignard F.Negi V.Sebastian den Brok J.,Slezak I.Slezak E.Spindola-Duarte C.Stern D.Surdej J.Sweeney D.,Walton D.J.Wambsganss J.2026-04-02T06:28:33Z2026-03-23T10:04:52ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgravitational-lensingquasarsredshiftedvisible-astronomyDetermining the Hubble constant tension requires alternative strategies, and multiply imaged quasars, with their intermediate redshifts, can potentially be used in this regard. We provide a currently complete catalogue of spectroscopically confirmed lensed quasars with ESA/Gaia astrometry and photometry, as well as redshifts and time delays when available. In addition to the improved astrometry, the catalogue increases the number of lensed quasars by a factor of 1.5 (now 364, of which 277 are doubles and 87 are quads or triples) and significantly increases the number of lensing galaxies detected (now 218), which represents a major step forward. Redshifts are provided for 347 quasars and 188 deflectors. A completely new table of time delays, required for estimates of H0, is presented, with 195 time delays from 73 systems. Gaia absolute astrometry is sub-milliarcsecond and covers the entire sky. Future Gaia data releases will provide long-term photometry, which should provide many more time delays. The catalogues as presented here enable machine-learning techniques to be trained and tested and subsequently applied to the Gaia data releases. Finally, we derive simple but homogeneous models of the 18 quadruply imaged quasars for which images of all four components are presented in Gaia DR3.2026A&A...707A.345Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/707/A345CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)I/361 : Gaia Focused Product Release (Gaia FPR) (Gaia Collaboration, 2023)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)VII/294 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, version 8 (Flesch, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A345https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A345http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A345https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/707/A345https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/707/A345http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/707/A345GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/707/A345/tablea1 (Compiled list of 364 known gravitationally lensed systems)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A345/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A345/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A345/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.834355556-8.7640758330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/707/A345/tableb1 (Compiled list of known gravitationally lensed systems with their time delays in days)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A345/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A345/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/707/A345/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.419252222-38.2405991670.0055555555555555566/8 454 559 595 1248 1395 2331 2401 2467 2493 2643 2812 2820 3902 3905 4115 4124 4135 4315 4415 4596 4615 4764 4776 4825 4850 4942 4965 4994 5063 5098 5171 5190 5432 5450 5669 5733 5739 5808 5825 5876 5905 6017 6085 6133 6166 6217 6364 6544 6578 6608 6828 6926 6933 7051 7069 7173 7220 7266 7293 7309 7334 7426 7797 7841 8286 8407 8423 8707 8748 8912 9046 9069 9205 9350 9387 9390 9409 9528 9629 9639 9757 9797 9799 9837 9850 9907 10044 10334 10389 10408 10439 10483 10583-10584 10743 10785 10925 11033 11063 11284-11285 11364 11424 11496 11667 11804 11825 12102 12285 12566 12634 12675 12719 12782 12804 13103 13370 13576 13613 15102 15176 15258 15750 15938 15979 16280 16486 16536 16596 16738 16758 16787 16836 16866 16943 16999 17117 17260 17461 17483 17510 17514 17638 17692 18004 18309 18776 18907 18929 19007 19131 19216 19376 19496 19524 19925 19930 20073 20147 20200 20461 20629 20725 21030 21063 21317 21886 21972 22001 22007 22303 22484 22581 22636 22645 23339 23419 23519 23525 23882 24057 24950 25001 25166 25245 25475 25480 25918 26014 26084 26141 26159 26266 26273 26290 26372 26381 26460 26483 26489 26499 26525 26528 26555 26578 26618 26621 26886 26967 27004 27049 27052 27070 27095 27127 27204 27232 27241 27248 27256 27258 27273 27305 27318 27367 27446 27528 27546 27577 27615 27707 27978 27982 28003 28005 28112 28245 28260 28320 28371 28497 28597 28628 28669 29072 30195 30969 31104 31146 31412 31429 31598 31615 31690 31721 31747 32425 32587 32857 32994 33201 33215 33275 33544 33634 33954 33963 34153 34159 34201 34257 34291 34320 34353 34397 34404 34430 34444 34497 34697 34746 34926 35218 35248 35274 35511 35523 35566 35700 35711 36064 36080 36116 36132 36150 36186 36219 36230 36246 36373 36375 36412 36427 36446 36584 36620 36766-36767 36834 37387 38197 38904 39554 39586 40085 40101 40262 40274 40409 40442 40461 40803 42923 43753 43766 43947 44118 44354 44508 44523 44673 45052 45553 45560 46029 46076 46193 46403 46640 46718 46740 46895 46932 46987 47031 47424 47434 47467 47473 47847 47975 48144 48389 48572 48625 48876 48914 49003 490101.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/707/A345?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/707/A345/tablea1Compiled list of 364 known gravitationally lensed systemsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName (Name)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryCompComponent (Component)meta.code.multipcharCompId? Index of the component for this sourceId from Gaia FPR (compId)meta.code.multipintnullableRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) from ra_best (ra_sexa)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) from dec_best (dec_sexa)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainTypeType (Type)src.classcharMaxSepMaximum separation (Max_separation)arcsecpos.angDistancedoubleAuthorAuthor of discovery (Author)meta.bib.authorcharDateDate of discovery (Date)time.epochintBibCodeBibCode of discovery (BibCode)meta.bib.bibcodecharAuthor2Author if co-discovery (Author2)meta.bib.authorcharDate2? Date if co-discovery (Date2)time.epochintnullableBibCode2BibCode if co-discovery (BibCode2)meta.bib.bibcodecharRApdegRight ascension (J2000) from publication (ra_pub)degpos.eq.raDEpdegDeclination (J2000) from publication (dec_pub)degpos.eq.decRAcdegCenter right ascension of the lens system, from best coordinates (ra_center)degpos.eq.raDEcdegCenter declination of the lens system, from best coordinates (dec_center)degpos.eq.deczsource? Redshift (z_source)src.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablezdef? Redshift deflector (z_deflector)src.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatnullabler_zsourceRedshift reference (z_bibcode)meta.ref;pos.framecharzmilli? Redshift from Milliquas (z_milli)src.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablef_zmilliRedshift flag from Milliquas (flag_z_milli)meta.codecharr_zmilliRedshift reference from Milliquas (ref_z_milli)meta.ref;pos.framecharzqsocdr3? Redshift from Gaia DR3 QSOC (z_qsoc_dr3)src.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablef_zqsocdr3? Redshift flag from Gaia DR3 QSOC (flags_z_qsoc_dr3)meta.codeintnullablezSHSRC? Redshift from SHSRC (z_SHSRC)src.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablef_zSHSRCRedshift flag from SHSRC (flag_z_SHSRC)meta.codecharr_zSHSRCRedshift reference from SHSRC (ref_z_SHSRC)meta.ref;pos.framecharinFPR[0/1] In FPR (inFPR)meta.codeintGLensGravitatioanl lens name from Gaia FPR (gravLensName)meta.idcharnObsComp? Number of valid observations used for this component from Gaia FPR (nObsComp)meta.numberintnullableRACodeg? Component right ascension from Gaia FPR (raComp)degpos.eq.ranullablee_RACodeg? Component right ascension error from Gaia FPR (stdRaComp)arcsecstat.errordoublenullableDECodeg? Component declination from Gaia FPR (decComp)degpos.eq.decnullablee_DECodeg? Component declination error from Gaia FPR (stdDecComp)arcsecstat.errordoublenullableGmagComp? Component G magnitude from Gaia FPR (GComp)magphot.mag;em.optfloatnullablee_GmagComp? Component G magnitude error from Gaia FPR (stdGComp)magstat.errordoublenullablef_GLens? Gravitatioanl lens flag from Gaia FPR (gravLensFlag)meta.codeintnullablef_CompId? Component object flag from Gaia FPR (componentObjectFlag)meta.codeintnullableinDR3[0/1] In Gaia DR3? (inDR3)meta.codeintGaiaDR3? Gaia DR3 source ID (source_id_DR3)meta.idnullableRAGdeg? Gaia DR3 right ascension (ICRS (ra_DR3)degpos.eq.ranullablee_RAGdeg? Gaia DR3 right ascension error (ra_error_DR3)arcsecstat.errorfloatnullableDEGdeg? Gaia DR3 declination (ICRS (dec_DR3)degpos.eq.decnullablee_DEGdeg? Gaia DR3 declination error (dec_error_DR3)arcsecstat.errorfloatnullableplx? Gaia DR3 parallax (parallax_DR3)maspos.parallax.trigdoublenullablee_plx? Gaia DR3 parallax error (parallax_error_DR3)masstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullableRplx? Gaia DR3 parallax over error (parallax_over_error_DR3)stat.errorfloatnullablePM? Gaia DR3 total proper motion (pm_DR3)mas/yrpos.pmfloatnullablepmRA? Gaia DR3 proper motion along RA (pmra_DR3)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablee_pmRA? Gaia DR3 proper motion along RA error (pmra_error_DR3)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE? Gaia DR3 proper motion along DE (pmdec_DR3)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullablee_pmDE? Gaia DR3 proper motion along DE error (pmdec_error_DR3)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableGmag? Gaia DR3 G magnitude (phot_g_mean_mag_DR3)magphot.mag;em.optdoublenullablee_Gmag? Gaia DR3 G magnitude error (phot_g_mean_mag_error_DR3)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableBPmag? Gaia DR3 BP magnitude (phot_bp_mean_mag_DR3)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublenullablee_BPmag? Gaia DR3 magnitude error (phot_bp_mean_mag_error_DR3)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableRPmag? Gaia DR3 RP magnitude (phot_rp_mean_mag_DR3)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublenullablee_RPmag? Gaia DR3 RP magnitude error (phot_rp_mean_mag_error_DR3)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableE(BP/RP)? Gaia DR3 BP/RP excess factor (phot_bp_rp_excess_factor_DR3)magphot.color.excessfloatnullableBP-RP? Gaia DR3 BP-RP colour (bp_rp_DR3)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoublenullableGmagc? Gaia DR3 corrected G magnitude (phot_g_mean_mag_corrected_DR3)magphot.mag;em.optdoublenullablee_Gmagc? Gaia DR3 corrected G magnitude error (phot_g_mean_mag_error_corrected_DR3)magstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableinAllWISE[0/1] In AllWISE (inAllWISE)meta.codeintAllWISEAllWISE name (AllWISE)meta.idcharW1mag? AllWISE W1 magnitude (W1mag)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullableW2mag? AllWISE W2 magnitude (W2mag)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullableW3mag? AllWISE W3 magnitude (W3mag)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableW4mag? AllWISE W4 magnitude (W4mag)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_W1mag? AllWISE W1 magnitude error (e_W1mag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablee_W2mag? AllWISE W2 magnitude error (e_W2mag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablee_W3mag? AllWISE W3 magnitude error (e_W3mag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablee_W4mag? AllWISE W4 magnitude error (e_W4mag)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableTimeDelayindicates time delays in table B1meta.ref.urlcharrposOrigin of best astrometry, can be Gaia_DR3, Gaia_FPR, HST, Publication (astrometry_best)meta.bibcharJ/A+A/707/A345/tableb1Compiled list of known gravitationally lensed systems with their time delays in daystCD? Time delay between C and D imagesdtime;arith.diffdoublenullablee_tCD? Time delay between C and D images errordstat.errorfloatnullableRefReference codemeta.notecharBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) of center of the lens system according to table A1pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) of center of the lens system according to table A1pos.eq.dec;meta.maintAB? Time delay between A and B imagesdtime;arith.diffdoublenullablee_tAB? Time delay between A and B images errordstat.errorfloatnullabletAC? Time delay between A and C imagesdtime;arith.diffdoublenullablee_tAC? Time delay between A and C images errordstat.errorfloatnullabletAD? Time delay between A and D imagesdtime;arith.diffdoublenullablee_tAD? Time delay between A and D images errordstat.errorfloatnullabletBC? Time delay between B and C imagesdtime;arith.difffloatnullablee_tBC? Time delay between B and C images errordstat.errorfloatnullabletBD? Time delay between B and D imagesdtime;arith.diffdoublenullablee_tBD? Time delay between B and D images errordstat.errorfloatnullableNameNamemeta.id;meta.mainchar