Halo and thick-disc giants Li and rotation J/A+A/706/A133 ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/706/A133 CDS de la Reza R. Llorente de Andres F. Alfaro E.J. Chavero C. 2026-03-02T06:25:50Z 2026-02-09T07:58:57Z CDS support team CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France cds-question@unistra.fr population-ii-stars halo-stars chemical-abundances The stellar evolution of lithium-rich (Li-rich) giant stars at very low metallicities remains largely unexplored to date. Using mainly two recent large LAMOST catalogues of field, low-mass giant stars (both Li-rich and Li-poor) with metallicities ranging from -4.0 up to -1.0, we studied some of the conditions for Li enrichment and the general distribution of stellar rotations in the Galactic halo and thick disc. Due to the scarcity of stars with [Fe/H]<-3.0, only three Li-rich red giant branch (RGB) stars are known in this regime. The full observational appearance of all giants, across the horizontal branch (HB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) advanced stages of evolution (with Li abundances up to 6.15dex) have been detected for metallicities > -2.5. Among these stars, we detected the presence of IR excesses that are considered to be indicative of giant stars losing mass, showing a recent episodic Li-enrichment process related to the Cameron-Fowler mechanism for the formation of new ^7^Li. Because stars presenting IR excesses are distributed across the majority of metallicity values, we suggest this mechanism is at work throughout an important part of the evolutionary history of the Galaxy. Based on these IR excesses, we identified three Li thresholds: ~1.5dex for RGB stars, ~0.5dex for HB stars, and ~-0.5dex for AGB stars, thereby establishing a new criterion to characterise Li-rich giants in the halo and thick disc. We carried out a first extensive study of stellar rotations in metal-poor giant stars, revealing the following results: (a) a plateau appears for velocities greater than 40km/s extending up to near 90km/s, with Li abundances ranging from 1.02 to 1.82dex; (b) among Li-rich giant stars with vsini>40km/s, a clear trend toward increasing rotation is observed up to near 90 km/s as metallicities decrease from -1.0 to -2.5; (c) the presence of RGB and HB Li-rich giant stars with rotations up to 90 km/s suggests that internal stellar models must account for extended ^3He reservoir lifetimes as a source of ^7^Li considering these velocities. The velocity around 40km/s appears to be a new critical value that merits further investigation. 2026A&A...706A.133D https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/706/A133 Catalog Research IsServedBy TAP VizieR generic service IsServedBy Conesearch service related-to I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012) J/ApJS/271/58 : Lithium abundances from LAMOST MRS DR9 spectra (Ding+, 2024) J/ApJS/238/16 : LAMOST-DR3 very metal-poor star catalog (Li+, 2018) https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/706/A133 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/706/A133 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/706/A133 https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/706/A133 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/706/A133 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/706/A133 GET text/xml+votable https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap Cone search capability for table J/A+A/706/A133/table2 (Li-rich giant stars list) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A133/table2? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A133/table2? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A133/table2? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 56.46625 17.74425 0.005555555555555556 Cone search capability for table J/A+A/706/A133/table4 (Subset of stars for which projected rotational velocities (vsini) are available) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A133/table4? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A133/table4? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/706/A133/table4? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 359.885625 33.6016944 0.005555555555555556 5/1085 1234 1279 1300 1302 1408 1414 1439 2112 2210 2252 2266 2280 2320 2327 2344 2368 2442 2481 2530 2547 2571-2572 2579 2593-2594 2601 2607 2668 2675 2702 2711 2721 2767 4588 4765 4810 4832 5112 5582 6594 6750 6793 6854 6861 6875 6878 6996 6998 7031 7061 7111 7128-7129 7134 7137 7162 7922 6/255 316 321 323 339 343 345 363 369 376 378 380-381 383 385 408 454 457 460 467 474-476 478 496 501 503 505 548 551 599 628 769 771 804 823 828 841 866 871 875 877 880 882-883 931 951 955 959 992 994 1033 1043 1047 1049 1057-1059 1064 1084 1096 1161 1203 1283 1286 1445 1533 1557 1583 1629 1739 1742 1762 1923 1995 2017 2106 2108 2113 2145 2180 2193 2195 2201 2207 2248 2262-2263 2281 2284 2319 2321 2330 2387 2390 2417 2446 2459 2474 2477 2482 2485 2496 2583 2588 2590-2591 2593 2595 2612 2624 2626 2630 2633 2635 2647 2816 2818 2821-2823 2827-2828 2905 3123 3174 3205 3229 3272 3369 4246-4247 4251-4253 4255 4259 4262 4266 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32444-32445 32447 32454 32461-32463 32474-32475 32478 32480 32487-32488 32491-32492 32498 32500 32503 32509-32511 32539 32545-32547 32549-32550 32552 32554 32557-32559 32563 32568-32569 32572 32574-32575 32640-32641 32644-32645 32655 32660 32665 32668 32670 32673 32676 32689-32690 32692 32694 32697 32700 32703 32714-32715 32746 32760-32761 34844 38664 40280 43645 44205 44754 44987-44988 45342 46394 47383 48436 https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/706/A133?format=ascii default J/A+A/706/A133/table2 Li-rich giant stars list recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 source identifier meta.id;meta.main RAJ2000 Right Ascension (J2000) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main DEJ2000 Declination (J2000) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main Teff Effective temperature K phys.temperature.effective int logg Surface gravity log(cm.s**-2) phys.gravity float [Fe/H] Metallicity [Fe/H] log(Sun) phys.abund.Z float A(Li) Lithium abundance A(Li) phys.abund float [alpha/Fe] ? alpha-element enhancement [alpha/Fe] phys.abund float nullable W1-W4 WISE colour W1-W4 mag phot.color;em.IR;em.IR float e_W1-W4 ? Error of WISE colour W1-W4 mag stat.error float nullable XGC Galactocentric X coordinate pc pos.cartesian.x;pos.galactocentric int YGC Galactocentric Y coordinate pc pos.cartesian.y;pos.galactocentric int ZGC Galactocentric Z coordinate pc pos.cartesian.z;pos.galactocentric int Vomega ? Radial velocity (Galactocentric cylindrical) km/s phys.veloc;pos.heliocentric float nullable Vphi ? Rotational velocity (Galactocentric cylindrical) km/s phys.veloc.rotat float nullable VZ ? Vertical velocity (Galactocentric cylindrical) km/s phys.veloc;pos.galactocentric float nullable
J/A+A/706/A133/table4 Subset of stars for which projected rotational velocities (vsini) are available recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 source identifier meta.id;meta.main RAJ2000 Right Ascension (J2000) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main DEJ2000 Declination (J2000) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main Teff Effective temperature K phys.temperature.effective float logg Surface gravity log(cm.s**-2) phys.gravity float [Fe/H] Metallicity [Fe/H] log(Sun) phys.abund.Z float A(Li) Lithium abundance A(Li) phys.abund float vsini ? Projected rotational velocity km/s phys.veloc.rotat float nullable e_vsini ? Error of projected rotational velocity km/s stat.error;phys.veloc.rotat float nullable XGC Galactocentric X coordinate pc pos.cartesian.x;pos.galactocentric double YGC Galactocentric Y coordinate pc pos.cartesian.y;pos.galactocentric double ZGC Galactocentric Z coordinate pc pos.cartesian.z;pos.galactocentric double Vomega ? Radial velocity (Galactocentric cylindrical) km/s phys.veloc;pos.heliocentric double nullable Vphi ? Rotational velocity (Galactocentric cylindrical) km/s phys.veloc.rotat double nullable VZ ? Vertical velocity (Galactocentric cylindrical) km/s phys.veloc;pos.galactocentric double nullable