J/A+A/705/A252ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/705/A252CDSNari N.Suarez Mascareno A.Gonzalez Hernandez J.I.Stefanov A.K.,Rebolo R.Mestre J.M.Dumusque X.Cretignier M.Passegger V.M.,Mignon L.2026-03-02T06:25:50Z2026-01-28T09:00:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsradial-velocityvisible-astronomyspectroscopyEarth-like planets orbiting in the habitable zone of K- to G-type stars create an RV effect in amplitude of less than 1m/s and have orbital periods of hundreds of days. Only long-term RV surveys with sub-meter per second precision instruments can explore the outer regions of Sun-like stars and look for Earth-like planets and super-Earths. Detecting Earth-like or super-Earth planets in the habitable zone of Sun-like stars is crucial to provide targets to the next generation of direct imaging facilities. We present the analysis of the K-type star HD 176986. It has a brightness of V=8.45mag and a distance from the Sun of d=27.88pc. This star hosts a known planetary system of two super-Earths. We utilize historical and recently collected RV measurements to investigate the presence of Earth- and super-Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of HD 176986. We monitored the system with HARPS and HARPS-N. We joined historical datasets with new data collected in an ongoing blind search program. We took advantage of recently developed tools for RV extraction and stellar activity filtering. The analysis of activity indicators permits us to determine the period of the magnetic cycle of the star alongside its rotation period. We performed a joint analysis of RVs and activity indicators through multidimensional GPs to better constrain the activity model in RVs and avoid overfitting. We detected a new planet orbiting the star and retrieved the two known planets. HD 176986 b has an orbital period of 6.49164_-0.00029_^+0.00030^d and a minimum mass of 5.36+/-0.44M_{Earth}_. HD 176986 c has an orbital period of Pc=16.8124+/-0.0015d and a minimum mass of 9.75_-0.64_^+0.65^M_{Earth}_. HD 176986 d has an orbital period of 61.376_-0.049^+0.051^d and a minimum mass of 6.76_-0.92_^+0.91^M_{Earth}_. From the analysis of activity indicators, we find evidence of a magnetic cycle with a period of 2432_-59_^+64^d, along with a rotation period of 36.05_-0.71_^+0.67^d. We discover a new planet in the multi-planet system orbiting the K-type star HD 176986. All the planets have minimum masses compatible with super-Earths or mini-Neptunes.2026A&A...705A.252Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/705/A252CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+A/612/A41 : HD 176986 HARPS + HARPS-N data (Suarez Mascareno+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/705/A252https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/705/A252http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/705/A252https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/705/A252https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/705/A252http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/705/A252GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/705/A252/yararavaYARARA RV and activity indicators calculated without stellar activity correction and derived with the CCF-techniquerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBaricentric Julian date (BJD-2400000)dtime.epochdoubleRVRadial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity errorm/sstat.errordoubleFWHMFWHM of the CCFm/sspect.line.widthdoublee_FWHMFWHM errorm/sstat.error;phys.angSizedoubleBISspanBisector span velocitym/sphys.velocdoublee_BISspanBisector span velocity errorm/sstat.errordoubleContrastContrast of the CCFphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_ContrastContrast of the CCF errorstat.errordoubleSMWMont Wilson S activity indicatorphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_SMWMont Wilson S activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleHaH{alpha} activity indicatorinstr.setup;spect.linedoublee_HaH{alpha} activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleNaNa activity indicatorspect.indexdoublee_NaNa activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleCaCa activity indicatorspect.indexdoublee_CaCa activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleRHKR_HK_ activity indicatorspect.indexdoublee_RHKR_HK_ activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleBERVBaricentric Earth Radial Velocityspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.eop;pos.earthdoubleSNCaIISignal-to-noise ratio from CaII linestat.snrdoubleModelModel valuestat.param;meta.modelleddoubleInstInstrument namemeta.id;instrcharVerInstrument DRS versionmeta.softwarecharJ/A+A/705/A252/yararav1YARARA RV and activity indicators calculated after stellar activity correction and are derived with the LBL techniquerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBaricentric Julian date (BJD-2400000)dtime.epochdoubleRVRadial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity errorm/sstat.errordoubleFWHMFWHM of the CCFm/sspect.line.widthdoublee_FWHMFWHM errorm/sstat.error;phys.angSizedoubleBISspanBisector span velocitym/sphys.velocdoublee_BISspanBisector span velocity errorm/sstat.errordoubleContrastContrast of the CCFphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_ContrastContrast of the CCF errorstat.errordoubleSMWMont Wilson S activity indicatorphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_SMWMont Wilson S activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleHaH{alpha} activity indicatorinstr.setup;spect.linedoublee_HaH{alpha} activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleNaNa activity indicatorspect.indexdoublee_NaNa activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleCaCa activity indicatorspect.indexdoublee_CaCa activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleRHKR_HK_ activity indicatorspect.indexdoublee_RHKR_HK_ activity indicator errorstat.errordoubleBERVBaricentric Earth Radial Velocityspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.eop;pos.earthdoubleSNCaIISignal-to-noise ratio from CaII linestat.snrdoubleModelModel valuestat.param;meta.modelleddoubleInstInstrument namemeta.id;instrcharVerInstrument DRS versionmeta.softwarechar