J/A+A/702/A59ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/702/A59doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-ny/lfjCDSFahrion K.Beasley M.A.Emsellem E.Gvozdenko A.Mueller O.Rejkuba M.,Chies-Santos A.L.2026-08-03T06:58:31Z2025-10-07T11:22:46ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clustersradial-velocitymetallicityphotometryvisible-astronomyAs ancient star clusters, globular clusters (GCs) are regarded as powerful tracers of galaxy evolution and assembly. Due to their brightness and compact sizes, GCs are employed to probe the kinematics and stellar population properties of galaxies, from the central regions out into the halo where the underlying stellar light becomes too faint for spectroscopic studies. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the GC system of M 104 (NGC 4594, also known as the Sombrero galaxy) based on literature spectroscopic catalogues and newly collected data from Very Large Telescope (VLT) MUSE integral-field spectroscopy combined with multi-object spectroscopy from VLT FLAMES and OSIRIS at the Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC). We present a new catalogue of 499 GCs with radial velocity measurements that span from the inner disc region out to ~70kpc (24'). In addition to velocities, we measure metallicities from the MUSE, OSIRIS, and FLAMES spectra of 190 GCs. Together with literature values, we collected a sample of 278 metallicities. Comparing GCs observed with multiple instruments, we find a good agreement of velocity and metallicity measurements. Studying GC kinematics with a simple model confirms a decreasing velocity dispersion profile and low rotation velocities. The blue GCs appear to be more dispersion-dominated, while the red GCs follow the kinematics of the stars more closely. We find a large scatter of GC metallicities with distance from the centre and metal-rich GCs are found over all radii. We discuss that the GC metallicity distribution with a broad metal-poor component likely reflects the complex assembly history of M 104.2025A&A...702A..59Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/702/A59CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/658/980 : New velocities for 62 globular clusters in M104J/MNRAS/401/1965 : Globular clusters in M104 (Harris+, 2010)J/MNRAS/417/1823 : Sombrero galaxy globular clusters (Alves-Brito+, 2011)J/AJ/147/150 : Velocities of globular clusters in M104 (Dowell+, 2014)J/ApJ/939/74 : Globular clusters from CFHT/MegaCam ugi obs. of M104https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/702/A59https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/702/A59http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/702/A59https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/702/A59https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/702/A59http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/702/A59GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/702/A59/tabled1 (Catalogue of globular clusters in M104)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A59/tabled1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A59/tabled1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A59/tabled1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true189.9024167-11.57919720.0055555555555555566/25081 250833.322582951404819e-19 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/702/A59?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/702/A59/tabled1Catalogue of globular clusters in M104RAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainvMUSE? LOS velocity from MUSEkm/sphys.velocdoublenullablee_vMUSE? LOS velocity uncertainty from MUSEkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevOSIRIS? LOS velocity from OSIRISkm/sphys.velocdoublenullablee_vOSIRIS? LOS velocity uncertainty from OSIRISkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevFLAMES? LOS velocity from FLAMESkm/sphys.velocdoublenullablee_vFLAMES? LOS velocity uncertainty from FLAMESkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablevDowell? LOS velocity from Dowell et al., 2014AJ....147..150D, Cat. J/AJ/147/150km/sphys.velocfloatnullablee_vDowell? LOS velocity uncertainty from Dowell et al., 2014AJ....147..150D, Cat. J/AJ/147/150km/sstat.errorfloatnullableDowell? Identifier from Dowell et al., 2014AJ....147..150D, Cat. J/AJ/147/150meta.idintnullablemetalMUSE? Metallicity from MUSEphys.abund.Zfloatnullablee_metalMUSE? metallicity uncertainty from MUSEstat.errorfloatnullablemetalOSIRIS? Metallicity from OSIRISphys.abund.Zfloatnullablee_metalOSIRIS? metallicity uncertainty from OSIRISstat.errorfloatnullablemetalFLAMES? Metallicity from FLAMESphys.abund.Zfloatnullablee_metalFLAMES? metallicity uncertainty from FLAMESstat.errorfloatnullablemetalAB? Metallicity from Alves-Brito et al.. 2011MNRAS.417.1823A, Cat. J/MNRAS/417/1823phys.abund.Zfloatnullablee_metalAB? metallicity uncertainty from Alves-Brito et al., 2011MNRAS.417.1823A, Cat. J/MNRAS/417/1823stat.errorfloatnullableB-V1? B-V from Harris et al., 2010MNRAS.401.1965H, Cat. J/MNRAS/401/1965magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatnullableB-R1? B-R from Harris et al., 2010MNRAS.401.1965H, Cat. J/MNRAS/401/1965magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rfloatnullableacs? Identifier from Harris et al., 2010MNRAS.401.1965H, Cat. J/MNRAS/401/1965meta.idintnullableVmag2? V band mag. from Rhode & Zepf, 2004AJ....127..302Rmagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableB-V2? B-V from Rhode & Zepf, 2004AJ....127..302Rmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatnullableB-R2? B-R from Rhode & Zepf, 2004AJ....127..302Rmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatnullableRZ? Identifier from Rhode & Zepf, 2004AJ....127..302R, [RZ2004] GCl NNNN in Simbadmeta.idintnullableimag? i band mag from Kang et al., 2022ApJ...939...74K, Cat. J/ApJ/939/74magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullableg-i? g-i from Kang et al., 2022ApJ...939...74K, Cat. J/ApJ/939/74magphot.colorfloatnullableu-g? u-g from Kang et al., 2022ApJ...939...74K, Cat. J/ApJ/939/74magphot.color;em.opt.U;em.opt.BfloatnullableKang? Identifier from Kang et al., 2022ApJ...939...74K, Cat. J/ApJ/939/74meta.idintnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentifier in this cataloguemeta.id;meta.mainintVmag1? V band mag from Harris et al., 2010MNRAS.401.1965H, Cat. J/MNRAS/401/1965magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullable