J/A+A/702/A116ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/702/A116doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-ny/lbbgCDSMolnar L.Netzel H.Howell M.Kalup Cs.Joyce M.2026-08-03T06:57:41Z2025-10-14T11:05:27ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clustersvariable-starsphotometryvisible-astronomyGlobular clusters offer a powerful way to test the properties of stellar populations and the late stages of low-mass stellar evolution. In this paper we study oscillating giant stars and overtone RR Lyrae-type pulsators in the nearest globular cluster, M4, with the help of high-precision, continuous light curves collected by the Kepler space telescope in the K2 mission. We determine the frequency composition of five RRc stars and model their physical parameters from linear pulsation models. We are able, for the first time, to compare seismic masses of RR Lyrae stars directly to the masses of the very similar red horizontal branch stars in the same stellar population, independently determined from asteroseismic scaling relations. We find average seismic masses of 0.648+/-0.028M_{sun}_ for RR Lyrae stars and 0.657+/-0.034M_{sun}_ for red horizontal-branch stars. While the accuracy of our RR Lyrae masses still relies on the accuracy of evolutionary mass differences of neighboring horizontal branch subgroups, this result strongly indicates that RRc stars may indeed exhibit high-degree, l=8 and 9 non-radial modes, and modeling these modes can provide realistic mass estimates. We compare the seismic masses of our red horizontal branch and RR Lyrae stars to evolutionary models and to theoretical mass relations and highlight the limitations of these relations.2025A&A...702A.116Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/702/A116CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/515/3184 : Asteroseismology M4 study with K2 data (Howell+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/702/A116https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/702/A116http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/702/A116https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/702/A116https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/702/A116http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/702/A116GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/702/A116/rrlyr (List of M4 RR Lyraes studied)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A116/rrlyr?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A116/rrlyr?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A116/rrlyr?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true245.857375-26.43788890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/702/A116/tablec4 (The updated global seismic properties and calculated physical parameters for the giants in M4)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A116/tablec4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A116/tablec4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/702/A116/tablec4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true245.8777617-26.49429220.0055555555555555566/42955 42977https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/702/A116?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/702/A116/rrlyrList of M4 RR Lyraes studiedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLCShow the light curvemeta.ref.urlcharIDVariable star designation, VNN, Cl* NGC 6121 Saw VNNmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Simbad right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Simbad declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainP1OPulsation perdiod (from table 1)dtime.perioddoubleSNameSimbad namemeta.idcharJ/A+A/702/A116/tablec1K2SC- and trend-corrected photometric data for the five RRc starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDVariable star designationmeta.id;meta.maincharBJDTime of observation (BJD-2454833)dtime.epochdoubleindexedKpmagBrightness in the Kepler passbandmagphot.mag;em.optdoublee_KpmagBrightness uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magdoubleJ/A+A/702/A116/tablec4The updated global seismic properties and calculated physical parameters for the giants in M4recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDGiant designation, from Howell et al., 2022MNRAS.515.3184H, Cat. J/MNRAS/515/3184meta.id;meta.maincharTypeEvolutionary stagetime.agecharQF[D MD] Qality Flag (1)meta.code.qualcharGmagGaia DR2 brightnessmagphot.mag;em.optfloatnumaxFrequency at maximum amplitude (microHz)uHzem.freq;src.varfloate_numaxUncertainty of numaxuHzstat.errorfloatTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Gaia DR2 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Gaia DR2 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_TeffUncertainty of TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintLLuminositysolLumphys.luminosityfloate1_LRandom error in luminositysolLumstat.errorfloate_LSystematic error in luminositysolLumstat.errorfloatMSeismic masssolMassphys.massfloate_MUncertainty of the seismic masssolMassstat.errorfloatGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source_idmeta.id