J/A+A/699/A257ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/699/A257doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36990257CDSAndernach H.Brueggen M.2025-08-01T20:03:16Z2025-07-16T09:25:28ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fractive-galactic-nucleiquasarsradio-sourcesradio-galaxiesWe examine the properties of giant radio galaxies GRGs with largest linear sizes larger than 3 Mpc in order to shed light on the nature and origin of GRGs. We select, corroborate, and revise or reject if necessary, the largest GRGs from literature, and add to these 69 GRGs we identified in our own search. We use recent optical surveys to find their hosts, and catalogues of spectroscopic and photometric redshifts in order to find their projected linear radio size. We present a sample of 142 GRGs larger than 3Mpc, of which 69 were newly found by us. The sample includes six GRGs with projected linear sizes clearly exceeding 5Mpc and reaching up to 6.6Mpc. We study their radio power-size relation, the asymmetry in the lobes, their association with clusters of galaxies, as well as their bending angles. We find that GRGs larger than 3 Mpc are distributed in redshift and radio luminosity indistinguishable from those of smaller GRGs. Only 6 per cent deviate from a clear FR II radio morphology. One quarter of our GRGs show very diffuse lobes typical for remnant radio galaxies, and only 59 per cent show indications of hotspots in at least one lobe, with 38 per cent featuring a hotspot in both lobes. As in the case of smaller radio galaxies, the shorter lobe is most often also the brighter one. We find tentative evidence that the bending angle decreases with size of the GRG, but no trend with redshift is detected. The fraction of hosts of GRGs larger than 3Mpc associated with galaxy clusters is indistinguishable from that for smaller GRGs, but the bending angles of GRGs>3Mpc in known clusters are larger than for those GRGs not associated with clusters.2025A&A...699A.257Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/699/A257CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/699/A257https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/699/A257http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/699/A257https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/699/A257https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/699/A257http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/699/A257GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/699/A257/tablea1 (Radio-optical data for 142 GRGs >3Mpc)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/699/A257/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/699/A257/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/699/A257/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.539524.03930.0055555555555555566/946 2154 2196 2872 3263 3599 4172 4535 4959 5103 5204 5230 5311 5364 5368 5377 5502 5846 6069 6404 6711 6743 7171 7273 7275 7320 7326 7330 7364 7495 7595 7605 7769 7772 7905 9028 9148 9331 9412 9609 9634 9676 9778 9848 9941 9979 10138 10149 10287 10303 10340 10521 10559 10596 10791 10889 10960 10985 11114 11151 11232 11262 11280 11341 11477 11699 11818 11848 11863 12628 13339 13373 13452 13509 14910 15098 16044 16663 16704 16790 17000 17526 17586 17738 17966 18050 18118 19799 19838 19967 20195 20248 20308 20332 21876 21878 23012 25361 25880 26141 26693 26799 27367 27654 27947 28195 28355 28554 28588 29677 31646 32425 32579 32766 32878 33388 33499 33639 33715 34833 35042 35532 35702 36121 37480 37571 38207 38844 41274 43641 44235 44362 45050 45398 45557 45662 45936 46766 47159 49123https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/699/A257?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/699/A257/tablea1Radio-optical data for 142 GRGs >3MpcrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJNameGRG object designation, JHHMM+DDMM (1)meta.id;meta.maincharNote[abcdefgh-] special note on the object (2)meta.notecharRADECJRA,DEC(J2000) of GRG host in sexagesimal format Jhhmmss.ss+ddmmss.smeta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) of GRG hostdegpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) of GRG hostdegpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzRedshift adopted for the host (3)src.redshiftfloatztype[spe* ] Type of redshift (4)meta.codecharClassType of host of the ERG (5)src.classcharHostNameName of the GRG optical hostmeta.id.parentcharhflag[?-] ? if host is uncertainmeta.codecharLASLargest projected angular size of ERGarcminphys.angSize;stat.maxfloatLLSLargest projected linear size (6)Mpcphys.size;stat.maxfloatBA? Bending angle between opposite lobesdegsrc.morph.paramfloatnullableALR? Armlength ratio = length ratio of brighter-to-fainter lobephys.size.axisRatiofloatnullablesurvFL? Survey used for flux integration (7)instr.setupcharFsurv? Total flux density at survey frequencymJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatnullablelogP145? Decimal log of 145MHz spectral power (6) extrapolating Fsurv to 145MHz with a spectral index of alpha=-0.8log(W.Hz**-1)spect.index;em.radio.100-200MHzfloatnullableprovenCode for provenance (8)meta.codecharenvironmCluster association flag (9)meta.codechar